门脉高压合并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的现代治疗方法选择与评价

近10多年来,不断有新的方法应用于临床治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血并取得很大进展,如药物的联合应用、经颈内静脉肝内门体分流术、经内镜食管曲张静脉套扎术及硬化剂注射术、冠状静脉栓塞术、肝移植等.对以上治疗方法及其利弊、选择原则等进行了分析.     

CT门静脉成像在食管胃静脉曲张栓塞术后的应用价值

探讨CT门静脉成像(CTP)在食管胃底静脉曲张栓塞术后疗效评价中的价值.23例门静脉高压上消化道出血患者采用经皮经肝食管胃底曲张静脉栓塞术(PTVE),用TH胶栓塞食管胃底曲张静脉及其相关侧支循环血管.栓塞前、后各进行了CT门静脉成像检查,观察TH胶的位置、范围和曲张静脉的残存情况.CT门静脉成像显示23例食管胃底曲张静脉及相关侧支血管内可见TH胶充填,TH胶位置准确、固定,无移位、游走现象,5例可见曲张静脉残留.CT门静脉成像可以直观显示和评价食管胃底静脉曲张栓塞的治疗效果.     

侵袭性垂体腺瘤的个性化治疗

近10多年来,不断有新的方法应用于临床治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血并取得很大进展,如药物的联合应用、经颈内静脉肝内门体分流术、经内镜食管曲张静脉套扎术及硬化剂注射术、冠状静脉栓塞术、肝移植等。对以上治疗方法及其利弊、选择原则等进行了分析。     

CT门静脉成像在食管胃静脉曲张栓塞术后的应用价值

探讨CT门静脉成像(CTP)在食管胃底静脉曲张栓塞术后疗效评价中的价值。23例门静脉高压上消化道出血患者采用经皮经肝食管胃底曲张静脉栓塞术(PTVE),用TH胶栓塞食管胃底曲张静脉及其相关侧支循环血管。栓塞前、后各进行了CT门静脉成像检查,观察TH胶的位置、范围和曲张静脉的残存情况。CT门静脉成像显示23例食管胃底曲张静脉及相关侧支血管内可见TH胶充填,TH胶位置准确、固定,无移位、游走现象,5例可见曲张静脉残留。CT门静脉成像可以直观显示和评价食管胃底静脉曲张栓塞的治疗效果。     

非选择性β受体阻滞剂在门静脉高压患者中的应用

门静脉高压是肝硬化患者最常见的并发症,而门静脉高压所致的食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血则是肝硬化患者最常见的死亡原因。非选择性β受体阻滞剂是目前用于降低门静脉高压以预防食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血和再出血的一线药物,非选择性β受体阻滞剂可通过降低门脉血流量,从而降低门脉压力,然而,近年来有报道提示非选择性β受体阻滞剂可增加门脉高压患者的死亡率。本文将对非选择性β受体阻滞剂的作用及其在门静脉高压患者中临床运用做一综述。     

生长抑素与其他药物治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血比较的Meta分析

探讨生长抑素治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血的安全性和有效性.对MEDLINE和CNKI中国期刊全文数据库中,2007年4月20日之前已发表的关于生长抑素治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血的随机对照临床试验进行Meta分析.与生长抑素相比,血管加压素副作用发生率高[OR=27.62,95%CI(8.30,91.90)],垂体后叶素止血率低[OR=0.27,95%CI(0.19,0.36)],副作用发生率高[OR=8.87,95%CI(5.74,13.72)],病死率高[OR=5.37,95%CI(2.73,10.57)].生长抑素是一种安全有效的治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血的药物.     

CT门脉血管成像对肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张治疗的价值评估

内镜治疗方法是目前处理肝硬化门脉高压引起的食管胃底静脉曲张重要的手段。然而,静脉曲张存在不同的分流特征可影响治疗方法的选择及预后的效果。回顾性分析肝硬化门脉高压患者CT门静脉成像特点,测量门静脉主干及脾静脉、胃左静脉、肠系膜上静脉等主要分支管径,记录门脉侧支循环开放的具体位置、曲张程度及数量,比较CT成像结果与胃镜分型特点,并进行统计学和临床分析。多层螺旋CT门静脉成像(CTPV)可以清晰显示门脉系统和侧支血管,并可详细了解分流的解剖学特征,准确确定分流类型,对于血管管径的测量也具有很好的准确性。CTPV检查对于食管胃底静脉曲张治疗方法选择、用药剂量以及预后评估有较大临床意义。     

生长抑素与其他药物治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血比较的Meta分析

探讨生长抑素治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血的安全性和有效性。对MEDLINE和CNKI中国期刊全文数据库中,2007年4月20日之前已发表的关于生长抑素治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血的随机对照临床试验进行Mere分析。与生长抑素相比,血管加压素副作用发生率高[OR=27．62,95％CI（8．30,91．90）],垂体后叶素止血率低[OR=0．27,95％CI（0．19,0．36）],副作用发生率高[OR=8．87,95％CI（5．74,13．72）],病死率高[OR=5．37,95％CI（2．73,10．57）]。生长抑素是一种安全有效的治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血的药物。     

消化性溃疡的检查方法及诊断标准

消化性溃疡主要发生于胃和十二指肠.常用的检查方法包括上消化道内镜检查和上消化道造影.内镜下对溃疡的评估可判断其出血的风险、愈合的情况.内镜下的活检病理检查可以鉴别良、恶性溃疡.幽门螺杆菌和胃泌素等检测有助于明确溃疡的病因.     

门脉高压症药物治疗中的血管收缩与扩张

通过肝脏的血流由于肝前、肝内或肝后性梗阻而引起门静脉压力超过 10～ 12ｍｍＨｇ者 ,称为门脉高压症 (ＰＶＨ )。门脉高压症药物治疗主要是针对食道静脉曲张出血的治疗和对再出血的预防。治疗的目的是通过药物作用降低门静脉和曲张静脉的压力 ,从而减低曲张静脉的血管壁张力 ,防止曲张静脉破裂出血。药物治疗在门脉高压症治疗中占有重要地位。用唯物辨证法方法对血管活性药物治疗门脉高压症的观点加以剖析 ,对提高我们临床治疗及辩证思维水平是有益的。1　血管收缩剂和血管扩张剂是矛盾事物的两方面血管收缩剂的作用 :研究证实 ,肝硬化门…     

Together – apart: in touch in a time of separation

This paper explores the experience of working as a Jungian analyst through the various phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic, examining the importance of the physical containing space alongside the analyst’s internal mind and how technology can both help and hinder understanding. A number of clinical vignettes illustrate the challenge of communicating over a distance, paying particular attention to the way countertransference phenomena can become re-attuned. Reference is made to mythology and symbols of hope, and consideration given to the meaning and purpose of the pandemic.     

The Possibility of Meaning in Human Evolution

Science undermines the certitude of non-naturalistic answers to the question of whether human life has meaning. I explore whether evolution can provide a naturalistic basis for existential meaning. Using the work of philosopher Daniel Dennett and scientist Ursula Goodenough, I argue that evolution is the locus of the possibility of meaning because it has produced intentionality, the matrix of consciousness. I conclude that the question of the meaning of human life is an existentialist one: existential meaning is a product of the individual and collective tasks human beings undertake.     

Phenotypic plasticity and archetype: a response to common objections to the biological theory of archetype and instinct

Since Jung’s death in 1961, scholars have attempted to integrate growing biological science data into Jungian concepts such as the collective unconscious, instincts and the archetypes. This enterprise has been challenging due to persistent false dichotomies of gene and environment occasionally arising. Recent works by Roesler (2022a, 2022b) for example, have raised objections to the biological theory of archetypes, but the objections are plagued by such dichotomies. The concept of phenotypic plasticity, however, helps to both avoid this problem as well as bridge the gap between competing theories into a more integrated model with solid biological foundations.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

Kann Es Ein Argument Für Den Skeptizismus Geben? Das Epistemische Problem Der Irrtumsmöglichkeit

Summary  Is there any argument for scepticism? The epistemic problem of the possibility of error. Arguments for scepticism rest on the assumption that knowledge claims are fallible. For this reason the concept of knowledge appears to be questionable. Since it is necessary to distinguish doubts from possible doubts, the arguments for scepticism appear to be unconvincing. If we take it into account that we know something that is immune to doubt, we should draw the conclusion that, contrary to scepticism, knowledge claims have to be compatible with being fallible. Thus any knowledge claim is capable of being doubted.     

The transcendent function in Spitteler’s Prometheus and Epimetheus

In August 2020, John Beebe and Steve Myers met via Zoom to discuss their differing interpretations of psychological typology and the different sources within Jung’s writings that influenced their books: Integrity in Depth: Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type (Beebe), and Myers-Briggs Typology vs Jungian Individuation (Myers). The discussion centred on Spitteler’s epic poem Prometheus und Epimetheus, which forms the basis of chapter V of Psychological Types. This is both the largest chapter and one of two chapters that Jung highlighted in the Argentine foreword as containing the essence of the book. Jung’s book is primarily about the transformation of personality rather than the categorization of people. Although it contains a critical psychology that deconstructs the nature of consciousness, that is only one half of the book and a stepping-stone to the other half, which is the reconciliation of opposites with particular emphasis on the relation of consciousness and the unconscious. Jung assumed that readers were already familiar with Prometheus und Epimetheus, an understanding of which sheds light on the nature of the transformation that Jung described – the development of a new attitude towards attitude itself.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.     

Seeing in the Dark: A View into Dissociation and Healing

In this paper, I will explore the role of art-making, the experience of trauma and dissociation, and the process of working with self-states from an analytic and creative frame. Relevant literature on dissociation, trauma, and the use of art will be discussed. A case involving my work with an adolescent girl who had experienced sexual abuse from a family member will be shared, with an emphasis on the meaningful role images played during the therapeutic process. Both Jungian and psychoanalytic models of conceptualizing and working with dissociation are included, following Donald Kalsched’s (2013) recommendation for a “binocular stance” to treatment, including both a focus on the inner, intrapsychic world and the interpersonal, relational realm, and how art images both illuminated and expressed these realms. Within the therapeutic process, art images allowed the therapist a view into the client’s unconscious process, and created a meeting ground for dissociative barriers to be gradually seen, felt and known, by both therapist and client. The experience of dissociation, in images and in session, provided a reference point for myself and my client, Taylor, to develop a shared understanding and a framework for growth.