右美托咪定对甲亢患者术中血流动力学的比较研究

研究右美托咪定辅助甲亢患者麻醉诱导时血流动力学的改变。40例甲亢患者,随机分为两组：右美托咪定组（ n＝20）与对照组（n＝20）。记录术前与麻醉诱导后的血压、心率、心率收缩压乘积,抽取静脉血进行儿茶酚胺检测。结果右美托咪定组诱导后、插管后即刻、1分钟、2分钟、3分钟,血压、心率、心率收缩压乘积低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。右美托咪定组儿茶酚胺在插管后1分钟、插管后2分钟、插管后3分钟低于对照组差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。右美托咪定有利于维持甲亢患者麻醉诱导中血流动力学的稳定。     

右美托咪定基础麻醉联合局麻在Ⅰ期乳腺癌保乳手术中的应用

探讨右美托咪定基础麻醉联合局麻在Ⅰ期乳腺癌保乳手术中应用的可行性。将108例患者随机分为局麻组(A组)、右美托咪定基础麻醉联合局麻组(B组)、全身麻醉组(C组),每组36例,进行比较分析。结果显示A组和C组的麻醉不良反应事件发生率相近,但均高于B组(P0.05)。B组和C组的麻醉成功率相等,但均高于A组(P0.05)。三组的麻醉费用比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),其中B组较A组略高,C组最高。右美托咪定基础麻醉联合局麻可以满足Ⅰ期乳腺癌保乳手术的麻醉需要,麻醉安全,不良反应最少,费用较低,值得临床应用。     

右美托咪定在高血压眼科患者术中复合降压的临床研究

为了观察右美托咪定在球后神经阻滞麻醉下高血压眼科手术患者中降压的可行性及其效果,选择择期眼科手术的高血压患者40例,随机分为2组[右美托咪定复合硝酸甘油组(D组)和单纯硝酸甘油组(N组)],每组20例.记录患者术前、术中及手术结束时的MAP、SBP、DBP、HR、SpO2及Ramsay评分,同时统计硝酸甘油及右美托咪定用量.结果发现,两组基础MAP、SBP、DBP、HR、SpO2差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),两组降压程度无统计学意义(P＞0.05).组内及组间HR差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).D组较N组硝酸甘油用量明显减少(P＜0.05).因此右美托咪定可在高血压眼科手术患者中达到较好的镇静及降压效果.     

Narcotrend监测下右美托咪定对冠心病患者麻醉诱导期血流动力学的影响

观察Narcotrend监测下右美托咪定联合丙泊酚靶控输注用于冠心病患者非心脏手术麻醉诱导时对血流动力学的影响.合并冠心痛行非心脏手术患者40例,随机分为两组：Dex组（n=20,患者在诱导前静脉泵注右美托咪定0.5μg/kg,15min内输注完毕）,对照组（n=20,等量生理盐水,方法同Dex组）.记录给药前后及诱导期间患者的血流动力学变化.对照组在气管插管即刻以及气管插管3min后血流动力学指标值均高于插管前,气管插管5min后平均动脉压（MAP）低于插管前（P＜0.05）,Dex组无明显差异.麻醉诱导前15min静脉注射0.5μg/kg右美托咪定可以使冠心病患者丙泊酚靶控输注诱导期间血流动力学更加平稳.     

麻醉诱导期右美托咪定滴鼻在患儿中的镇静及躁动研究

探究麻醉诱导期右美托咪定滴鼻对患儿术中及术后的镇静效果。择期手术患儿60例,随机分为3组,D1组、D2组和C组,麻醉诱导期分别给予1.0μg/kg右美托咪定滴鼻,2.0μg/kg右美托咪定滴鼻和等量生理盐水滴鼻。结果三组滴鼻前时刻T0血流动力学无差异（P〉0.05）,滴鼻后45min时刻（T1）和拔出导管或喉罩时刻（T2）D1组与D2组较C组心率和血压低（P〈0.05）,但在允许范围内;T1、T2时刻,D1组与D2组差异不明显（P〉0.05）;术后躁动评分,D1组与D2组较C组低（P〈0.05）,D2组较D1组低（P〈0.05）;术后疼痛评分,D1组与D2组较C组低（P〈0.05）,D1组与D2组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;术后镇痛需求,D1组与D2组较C组少（P〈0.05）;不良反应无差异（P〉0.05）。麻醉诱导期右美托咪定滴鼻起到有效镇静作用,减少麻醉苏醒期躁动,减轻疼痛。2.0μg/kg的右美托咪定剂量麻醉诱导期滴鼻减少术后躁动效果更明显,不增加不良反应的发生。     

右美托咪定对老年左布比卡因腋路臂丛神经阻滞的影响

观察右美托咪定对老年左布比卡因腋路臂丛神经阻滞的影响。50例择期行腋路臂丛神经阻滞的老年患者随机分为两组,右美托咪定组（LD组,25例）给予0．5％左布比卡因复合右美托咪定0．5μg·kg-1 30m1,生理盐水组（LS组,25例）给予0．5％左布比卡因复合生理盐水30ml。比较两组感觉运动阻滞起效时间、持续时间、心率...     

右美托咪定复合七氟醚控制性降压用于高血压患者鼻内窥镜手术的临床效果

探讨右美托咪定复合七氟醚控制性降压用于高血压患者鼻内窥镜手术的效果。选择鼻内窥镜手术高血压患者50例,随机分成两组。Ⅰ组(25例)采用右美托咪定复合七氟醚控制性降压,Ⅱ组(25例)单纯七氟醚麻醉控制性降压。Ⅰ组于麻醉诱导前15min~20min静脉泵注右美托咪定0.5μg/kg,以0.4μg/kg/h的浓度维持,诱导后开始调整七氟醚的吸入浓度,使平均动脉压(MAP)控制在65mmHg左右并维持。Ⅱ组单纯吸入七氟醚实施控制性降压。观察术中出血量,手术时间以及麻醉前(T1),手术开始后10min(T2)、手术开始后60min(T3)、手术结束拔管后即刻(T4)的MAP和心率(HR)变化。采用Fromme术野质量评分法(SSFQ)评定术野质量。Ⅰ组患者术中出血量、手术时间较Ⅱ组显著减少(P0.05);Ⅰ组患者术中MAP、HR明显低于术前(P0.05),两组患者术野质量明显提高,SSFQ明显降低(P0.05)。右美托咪定复合七氟醚控制性降压用于鼻内窥镜手术高血压患者,能有效减少出血量,改善手术野,缩短手术时间。     

右美托咪定对鼻内镜手术患者血流动力学及苏醒期的影响

探讨鼻内镜手术时应用右美托咪定对其血流动力学及苏醒期的影响。选择100例行鼻内镜的择期手术患者,随机分为两组,右美托咪定组（D组）,持续泵入右美托咪定0.4μg·kg-1·h-1从麻醉诱导开始到拔管结束;对照组（C组）,持续泵入相同剂量的生理盐水。诱导药物均为依托咪酯0.3mg/kg,舒芬太尼0.4μg/kg,罗库溴铵0.6mg/kg,术中以丙泊酚6mg·kg-1·h-1、瑞芬太尼0.1μg·kg-1·min-1维持。观察并记录诱导前5min,手术开始后10min及30min,手术结束时,拔管时及拔管后2min的MAP及HR;记录术野质量和术中出血量、手术时间和拔管时间、拔管时躁动的发生率、呛咳评分、拔管后患者的Ramsay镇静评分。结果 D组在拔管时及拔管后2min血压和心率与C组相比降低（P〈0.05）;D组的术野质量优于C组（P〈0.05）,术中出血量D组少于C组（P〈0.05）;两组的手术时间和拔管时间差异无统计学意义;拔管时躁动的发生率及呛咳评分D组低于C组（P〈0.05）;D组拔管后患者的Ramsay镇静评分高于C组（P〈0.05）。术中应用右美托咪定,可使鼻内镜手术患者术中血流动力学更稳定,苏醒期更为平稳。     

右美托咪定对胃肠道开腹手术瑞芬太尼诱发痛觉过敏的影响

探讨术中泵注右美托咪定对瑞芬太尼所致术后痛觉过敏及不良反应的影响。60例择期开腹胃肠道手术患者,随机分成右美托咪定组（Ⅰ组,n=30）和对照组（Ⅱ组,n=30）。分别记录术后自主呼吸恢复时间、唤醒时间、拔管时间;记录术后30min、1h、2h、4h、6h的疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）及Ramsay镇静评分;记录术后24h内静脉镇痛泵的使用情况及术后不良反应。两组患者的术后恢复自主呼吸时间、唤醒时间及气管导管拔管时间相当,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;术后30rain、1h、2h,Ⅰ组患者的VAS评分明显低于Ⅱ组患者,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;Ⅰ组患者在术后30min、1h、2h、4h的Ramsay评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;Ⅰ组患者在术后初次按压镇痛泵的时间较Ⅱ组患者明显延长,24h内镇痛泵的按压次数Ⅰ组较Ⅱ组患者减少（P〈0．05）;两组患者术后均无呼吸抑制的发生,但Ⅰ组比Ⅱ组其他不良反应的发生率降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。在开腹胃肠道手术的麻醉中使用右美托咪定可有效减少瑞芬太尼全身麻醉后痛觉过敏的发生率,并减少术后镇痛药的用量。     

右美托咪定复合布托啡诺对脊柱后路手术术后镇痛的影响

观察右美托咪定复合布托啡诺用于脊柱后路手术术后患者静脉自控镇痛的安全性和有效性。60例行脊柱后路内固定手术的患者,随机分为2组,术后镇痛分别给予布托啡诺0.125mg/kg组(B组)、右美托咪定0.1μg/kg/h+布托啡诺0.125mg/kg组(DB组)。两组患者在术后不同时间点安静和活动时的VAS评分相互比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),DB组疼痛感觉较B组轻;DB组的镇静评分在术后1h(T_1)、2h(T_2)、6h(T_3)和12h(T_4)时高于B组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);DB组的按压次数少于B组(P0.05);与B组相比较,DB组恶心的发生率降低(P0.05);术后DB组总的满意度高于B组(P0.05)。右美托咪定可增强布托啡诺对脊柱后路手术患者的术后镇痛效果,减少布托啡诺消耗量,降低不良反应发生率,提高患者满意度。     

Together – apart: in touch in a time of separation

This paper explores the experience of working as a Jungian analyst through the various phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic, examining the importance of the physical containing space alongside the analyst’s internal mind and how technology can both help and hinder understanding. A number of clinical vignettes illustrate the challenge of communicating over a distance, paying particular attention to the way countertransference phenomena can become re-attuned. Reference is made to mythology and symbols of hope, and consideration given to the meaning and purpose of the pandemic.     

The Possibility of Meaning in Human Evolution

Science undermines the certitude of non-naturalistic answers to the question of whether human life has meaning. I explore whether evolution can provide a naturalistic basis for existential meaning. Using the work of philosopher Daniel Dennett and scientist Ursula Goodenough, I argue that evolution is the locus of the possibility of meaning because it has produced intentionality, the matrix of consciousness. I conclude that the question of the meaning of human life is an existentialist one: existential meaning is a product of the individual and collective tasks human beings undertake.     

Phenotypic plasticity and archetype: a response to common objections to the biological theory of archetype and instinct

Since Jung’s death in 1961, scholars have attempted to integrate growing biological science data into Jungian concepts such as the collective unconscious, instincts and the archetypes. This enterprise has been challenging due to persistent false dichotomies of gene and environment occasionally arising. Recent works by Roesler (2022a, 2022b) for example, have raised objections to the biological theory of archetypes, but the objections are plagued by such dichotomies. The concept of phenotypic plasticity, however, helps to both avoid this problem as well as bridge the gap between competing theories into a more integrated model with solid biological foundations.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

Kann Es Ein Argument Für Den Skeptizismus Geben? Das Epistemische Problem Der Irrtumsmöglichkeit

Summary  Is there any argument for scepticism? The epistemic problem of the possibility of error. Arguments for scepticism rest on the assumption that knowledge claims are fallible. For this reason the concept of knowledge appears to be questionable. Since it is necessary to distinguish doubts from possible doubts, the arguments for scepticism appear to be unconvincing. If we take it into account that we know something that is immune to doubt, we should draw the conclusion that, contrary to scepticism, knowledge claims have to be compatible with being fallible. Thus any knowledge claim is capable of being doubted.     

The transcendent function in Spitteler’s Prometheus and Epimetheus

In August 2020, John Beebe and Steve Myers met via Zoom to discuss their differing interpretations of psychological typology and the different sources within Jung’s writings that influenced their books: Integrity in Depth: Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type (Beebe), and Myers-Briggs Typology vs Jungian Individuation (Myers). The discussion centred on Spitteler’s epic poem Prometheus und Epimetheus, which forms the basis of chapter V of Psychological Types. This is both the largest chapter and one of two chapters that Jung highlighted in the Argentine foreword as containing the essence of the book. Jung’s book is primarily about the transformation of personality rather than the categorization of people. Although it contains a critical psychology that deconstructs the nature of consciousness, that is only one half of the book and a stepping-stone to the other half, which is the reconciliation of opposites with particular emphasis on the relation of consciousness and the unconscious. Jung assumed that readers were already familiar with Prometheus und Epimetheus, an understanding of which sheds light on the nature of the transformation that Jung described – the development of a new attitude towards attitude itself.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.     

Seeing in the Dark: A View into Dissociation and Healing

In this paper, I will explore the role of art-making, the experience of trauma and dissociation, and the process of working with self-states from an analytic and creative frame. Relevant literature on dissociation, trauma, and the use of art will be discussed. A case involving my work with an adolescent girl who had experienced sexual abuse from a family member will be shared, with an emphasis on the meaningful role images played during the therapeutic process. Both Jungian and psychoanalytic models of conceptualizing and working with dissociation are included, following Donald Kalsched’s (2013) recommendation for a “binocular stance” to treatment, including both a focus on the inner, intrapsychic world and the interpersonal, relational realm, and how art images both illuminated and expressed these realms. Within the therapeutic process, art images allowed the therapist a view into the client’s unconscious process, and created a meeting ground for dissociative barriers to be gradually seen, felt and known, by both therapist and client. The experience of dissociation, in images and in session, provided a reference point for myself and my client, Taylor, to develop a shared understanding and a framework for growth.