腹腔镜在女性盆底修复术中的应用

随着社会老龄化的加剧,盆底功能障碍性疾病的发病率日益上升.之前热门的盆底重建术随着时间的推移,并发症相继出现.美国食品药品管理局(FDA)连续两次发布了关于经阴道网片的警告,使专家们认识到了问题的严重性.经过30余年的发展,腹腔镜技术已经被广泛地应用于各类妇科手术中.腹腔镜在女性盆底修复术中的应用重新得到了关注.自1991年腹腔镜技术首次应用于女性盆底修复手术中以来,国内外不断有新的腹腔镜下盆底修复术式的报道.现就各种腹腔镜下盆底修复手术做一综述.     

盆底结构MRI研究进展及思考

盆底结构精细复杂,传统的解剖学以尸检为依据,现代影像学则提供了活体观察功能形态的有效方法。盆底结构核磁共振成像研究的新进展,体现了医学技术创新的稳健性、后发性、综合性,其发展取决于现代科学技术的进步。因此影像医学工作者作为医学科技主体,只有具备综合型知识结构,才能更好地进行医学技术创新。     

盆底结构MRI研究进展及思考

盆底结构精细复杂,传统的解剖学以尸检为依据,现代影像学则提供了活体观察功能形态的有效方法.盆底结构核磁共振成像研究的新进展,体现了医学技术创新的稳健性、后发性、综合性,其发展取决于现代科学技术的进步.因此影像医学工作者作为医学科技主体,只有具备综合型知识结构,才能更好地进行医学技术创新.     

新民主主义革命时期的道德重建及其历史作用

随着帝国主义列强的入侵和社会基本矛盾的激化,近现代中国社会发生了道德危机,中国共产党在领导人民进行新民主主义革命的过程中,从核心价值观、道德规范体系、理想人格、伦理关系和道德治理等方面进行道德重建,从而为民族复兴提供了新的凝聚力和精神动力,铸就了党和革命队伍的先进性与革命性,并为社会主义时期的道德建设奠定了坚实的基础。     

保守性态度女大学生的内隐性态度及其重建干预

为探索保守性态度女大学生的内隐性态度及性态度重建对消极内隐性态度的影响,研究采用内隐联想测验对22位保守性态度的女生进行内隐性态度的测评并从认知、情绪和行为三方面对保守性态度女生的消极内隐性态度进行了10次性态度重建干预训练。研究发现:与非保守女生相比,保守性态度女生对性词持有更为消极的内隐性态度;保守性态度女生消极的内隐性态度经过性态度重建干预后呈现更为积极的内隐性态度。结果表明性态度过于保守的女生持有消极的内隐性态度,性态度重建干预能有效地改善保守性态度女生的消极内隐性态度。     

自然重建理念治疗股骨头坏死、髋关节脱位

股骨头坏死、髋关节脱位是骨科常见病,随着人们生活模式的改变发病率有所上升.对该病的成因、流行病学、病理转归、临床治疗策略与髋关节严重病损后功能重建等问题,学术界存在很大争议.作者提出从生物进化的角度、用自然重建理念做指导,应用髋关节分离牵拉术治疗股骨头坏死、骨盆补充截骨术重建青少年严重病损的髋关节功能人、组合性矫形手术治疗年长儿先天性髋关节脱位,获得了优良效果.因此呼吁:用自然重建理念治疗青少年股骨头坏死、髋关节脱位,降低人工假体置换对此类疾病的手术指证.     

肢体自然重建理念——一种人文关怀治疗

著名的医学家、哲学家Hippocrates在公元前4世纪就指出:医生的责任仅在于促进疾病的自然康复过程,而非阻拦这个过程.患者得以治愈的根据是患者自身存在的康复能力;医生首先必须清楚:自己所治疗的对象是人,是有生命的、有思想的、活在社会上的人,而不是被修理的物件.医生能够做到的只是为患者创造或提供一定的有利于康复的条件.20世纪50年代,前苏联骨科专家Ilizarov发现了张力-应力法则,并因此创造出的牵拉再生、自然重建技术,正是很好地诠释了Hippocrates的思想.     

肢体自然重建理念——一种人文关怀治疗

著名的医学家、哲学家Hippocrates在公元前4世纪就指出：医生的责任仅在于促进疾病的自然康复过程,而非阻拦这个过程.患者得以治愈的根据是患者自身存在的康复能力;医生首先必须清楚：自己所治疗的对象是人,是有生命的、有思想的、活在社会上的人,而不是被修理的物件.医生能够做到的只是为患者创造或提供一定的有利于康复的条件.20世纪50年代,前苏联骨科专家Ilizarov发现了张力-应力法则,并因此创造出的牵拉再生、自然重建技术,正是很好地诠释了Hippocrates的思想.     

重建社会实践

《重建社会实践》是F.伽塔里应《交往世界》杂志的稿约所写的一篇文章,也是作者临终前留给人类的最后一份礼物。面对霸权主义横行、唯科技主义泛滥、人口暴增、能源危机、环境污染、贫富悬殊、集权制度和恐怖主义等一系列国际问题,伽塔里提出了“重建社会实践”的方案。这是一个从政治、经济、法律、科技、心理、生态等多方面统筹兼顾的全球性协调治理的方略。今天读来仍然是那么发人深思。     

乡土重建:可能抑或怀旧情结

"乡土重建"是费孝通针对20世纪上半叶中国基层社会出现的经济瘫痪、行政僵化、乡土损蚀等问题而提出的一种"积极性的主张"。1949年后,乡村社会经历了多种改造,出现了经济、社会和文化的断裂,乡村经济的断裂在农村家庭联产承包责任制改革之后得到了修复,而社会与文化的断裂问题依然存在,突出地表现为乡村居民在城市与乡村之间摇摆不定的社会文化心理。在向市场社会转型过程中,乡村文化矛盾凸显出来,不仅表现为经济与文化原则的分离和相悖发展,也体现在伴随"乡村大流动"而出现的二重性生活方式和二重时空场域的断裂与冲突。乡土重建的主要任务就是要解决乡村转型中的文化矛盾,重建乡村社会秩序。在重建乡土的实践中,遵照互惠原则和共识原则既重要也必要,因为这两个原则是乡村共同体实现关系均衡和社会团结的基础。     

腹腔镜在盆腔炎中的应用

急性盆腔炎发病率高,并发症多.是常见妇科急腹症之一,而早期明确诊断和及时处理是治疗成功的关键.本文初步探讨了腹腔镜作为一种检查和治疗的手段在急性盆腔炎的应用价值,结果提示其具有较好的临床应用价值.     

腹腔镜在盆腔炎中的应用

急性盆腔炎发病率高,并发症多,是常见妇科急腹症之一,而早期明确诊断和及时处理是治疗成功的关键。本文初步探讨了腹腔镜作为一种检查和治疗的手段在急性盆腔炎的应用价值,结果提示其具有较好的临床应用价值。     

Reconstructive retrieval deficits in Broca's aphasia

Anterior aphasic patients' ability to utilize the phonemic and/or semantic features of verbal material for retention purposes was investigated. In the first experiment, patients were asked to either detect word repetitions, phoneme repetitions, or rhymes in a list of items. The aphasics performed well on word and phoneme repetition detection but below both normals and amnesic Korsakoffs on rhyme detection. In the second experiment the patients were instructed to analyze either the physical, phonemic, or semantic features of words they were later asked to recognize. Aphasics were differentially affected (as were normals) by these instructions: semantic feature analysis resulted in the best performance, followed by phonemic feature analysis. It was concluded that anterior aphasics can analyze, recirculate, and even store the phonemic features of words, but find difficulty in reconstructing the originally presented item from these features.     

Reconstructive memory in the dating of personal and public news events

Two experiments investigated memory for the dates of events selected and recorded by subjects in diaries. In Experiment 1, personal events and public news events were compared, with retention time varying from 1 week up to 9 months. It was found that the day of the week was more accurately identified for personal events than for news events, that day-of-the-week (DOW) accuracy did not decrease with increasing retention time, and that memory of the personal context of both event types was more important for DOW accuracy than was memory of the core of the events. These results support our view that memory of the day of the week is mainly reconstructed by reference to a temporal week schema based on personal experiences, and that the relation of news events to the week schema is mediated by memory of personal context. The distribution of DOW errors was modeled as the outcome of a process of guessing constrained by subdivisions of the week schema, without assuming any special temporal memory trace. In Experiment 2, the model was shown to fit independently collected data from a different subject pool and country equally well.     

女性盆腔脏器脱垂的传统手术治疗

对于女性盆腔脏器脱垂的手术治疗,传统的手术方式包括阴道封闭术、曼氏手术和阴式全子宫切除术.阴道封闭术操作相对简单,适用于无性生活要求的、合并症较多的年老体弱者,但术后可能存在新发压力性尿失禁,并且导致性功能障碍,术中是否切除子宫尚有争议.曼氏手术保留子宫、操作简单,但术后脱垂复发及妊娠后宫颈机能不全问题仍有待研究.阴式全子宫切除术对于POP-Q评分II期及以内的脱垂患者,治疗效果最佳,期别高的患者术后复发仍可使用保守或再次手术治疗补救,本手术方式术后较少出现性交痛.总而言之,选择适当的适应证并积极与患者沟通后,女性盆腔脏器脱垂的传统手术治疗仍为不错的治疗方式.     

Toward a Consideration of Intimacy in the Female/Female Therapy Relationship

No abstract available for this article.     

Female Offenders in Domestic Violence

SUMMARY

It is well accepted that large numbers of men batter women. Although some data also reveal that women report assaulting men in large numbers, interpretation of the latter data has been fraught with controversy. The present article reports on a sample of women arrested for domestic violence. When questions were asked about frequency of violence initiation, which partner began the overall pattern of violence in the relationship, and the women's reasons for using violence, it was found that about two-thirds of the women were battered and using violence to protect themselves or to retaliate for previous violence against them. Implications of these findings for conceptualizing women's violence as well as for training law enforcement personnel are discussed.