基于伦理学视域的失能老人照护服务体系研究

研究失能老人照护服务体系问题,对于保障失能老人的生命尊严与生存权利、促进社会和谐发展等具有重要意义。基于失能老人生存需要的服务供给、人才培养、制度安排、组织监管等问题,是照护服务体系构建的基本元素。坚持人本理念以及资源配置的公平、公正与效益目标,是照护服务体系构建的伦理原则。     

关于构建我国长期照护服务体系的思考

介绍长期照护服务的概念及意义,从筹资方式、照护形式、法律保障、护理质量监督与审查、人力资源等方面总结英国、美国、日本、加拿大等发达国家长期照护体系的经验。鉴于我国长期照护服务存在日益增长的需求难以满足、以家庭护理为主、专业护理不足等现状及问题,借鉴国外经验,提出在我国人口老龄化的背景下,应提高政府意识,构建多元化筹资、多形式的长期照护服务体系,并建立相关人力培训及质量监控体制,加强医疗照护与社会照护资源的合作与整合。     

“周婆婆爱心厨房”,期待您的加入!

<正>在中国,80岁以上的老年人已经超过2300万,近1亿老年人患有一种或多种慢性疾病,超过1500万老年人有长期照护需求。根据预测,到2050年,中国将有4亿多老年人,其中有5000万失智老人。为了帮助居住在教会养老院中的高龄、失能、患病或孤寡老人,以及教会定期探访的社区困难老人,基督教全国两会社会服务部发起了"周婆婆"爱心     

老年照护服务:扩大资源并优化配置

现行老年保障体系中,最为薄弱的是老年照护服务。这几年虽然开始受到重视,但这一领域依然是资源不足且配置不合理,如若不加强改进,则难以适应人口老龄化和高龄化之趋势。因此,需要通过体制改革和机制创新,实现资源优化配置,构建起更加有效的老年照护服务体系,其核心:一是尊重价值规律,运用市场机制,提升老年照护服务资源动员能力,使更多资源能够进入老年照护服务领域;二是根据社会公平的原则,明确界定老年照护服务领域的基本公共服务,切实推进均等化;三是明析政府职责定位,充分发挥家庭、企业、社会组织等各主体的作用,实现多元共治,营造老年照护服务健康发展的环境。     

农村“五保”老人的生存权及其道德辩护

农村"五保"老人的生存权及其保障是构建社会主义和谐社会、建设社会主义新农村的重要议题之一.让"五保"对象能"善养"和"善终"是我国政府"五保"供养工作的基本目标.据调查,农村"五保"老人的"存在"状况表现出三个基本特征,即生存现状的脆弱性、精神供养的缺失性和供养保障的差异性."五保"老人的权利保障作为一个公共利益问题具有"应得性",作为宪法规定的基本权利又具有"法定性".如果我们不能正确对待这一问题,农村"五保"老人的保障就有可能转变成严重的社会问题和政治问题,甚至引发"人道主义危机".     

美国的宁养照护及其对中国的启示

美国的宁养照护开始于1974年,近年来发展较快。美国宁养照护的方式、内容与特点:针对终末期患者,医生尊重患者、家属共同做出的选择,不作强制性建议或要求;选择的时机为病程晚期;服务团队的成员间分工协作;只提供不加速死亡、也不延迟死亡的照护措施;居家宁养照护经济、适用,成为首选。在中国,无论是社会接受程度,还是宁养照护机构提供的服务,与美国都有相当的差距。建议:加强政策支持,建立服务体系,开展人员培训,形成社会共识。     

新时期我国农村卫生服务体系的路径选择

解决好占中国人口将近70%的农民的健康问题,是全面建设小康社会中非常重要的问题.如何完善现有的卫生服务体系、构建真正惠及全体农业人口的卫生服务体系又是农村卫生事业发展的重中之重.试从制度经济学的角度出发,探讨新时期我国农村卫生服务体系的路径选择.     

如何开展教会中的长者事工

当前我国已步入人口老龄化社会,据中国政府网消息,国务院办公厅印发的《社会养老服务体系建设规划（2011-20i5年）》中指出,中国人口老龄化加速发展,老年人口基数大、增长快并日益呈现高龄化、空巢化趋势,目前,我国城乡失能和半失能老年人约3300万,占老年人口总数的19％。     

中国老人生活自理能力与死亡风险的关系研究

基于中国老人健康长寿纵向调查数据(1998-2005),利用生存分析方法考察老人日常生活自理能力与其死亡风险的关系.结果发现:老人日常生活自理能力能够显著地预测其死亡风险.此外,生活自理能力与死亡风险的关系随着年龄的增长而削弱.同时,此关系还具有一定的性别差异.     

预防医学发展的未来——基础医学、临床医学与预防医学的整合

基础、临床与预防医学的整合是预防医学发展的方向,它顺应了时代发展的趋势,推进痰病早期防治,提高疾病防治的科学性和效果,促进新的卫生保健服务体系的构建,促进保健公平.提出完善和加强社区疾病防控的建设等是实现整合的途径.     

Together – apart: in touch in a time of separation

This paper explores the experience of working as a Jungian analyst through the various phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic, examining the importance of the physical containing space alongside the analyst’s internal mind and how technology can both help and hinder understanding. A number of clinical vignettes illustrate the challenge of communicating over a distance, paying particular attention to the way countertransference phenomena can become re-attuned. Reference is made to mythology and symbols of hope, and consideration given to the meaning and purpose of the pandemic.     

The Possibility of Meaning in Human Evolution

Science undermines the certitude of non-naturalistic answers to the question of whether human life has meaning. I explore whether evolution can provide a naturalistic basis for existential meaning. Using the work of philosopher Daniel Dennett and scientist Ursula Goodenough, I argue that evolution is the locus of the possibility of meaning because it has produced intentionality, the matrix of consciousness. I conclude that the question of the meaning of human life is an existentialist one: existential meaning is a product of the individual and collective tasks human beings undertake.     

Phenotypic plasticity and archetype: a response to common objections to the biological theory of archetype and instinct

Since Jung’s death in 1961, scholars have attempted to integrate growing biological science data into Jungian concepts such as the collective unconscious, instincts and the archetypes. This enterprise has been challenging due to persistent false dichotomies of gene and environment occasionally arising. Recent works by Roesler (2022a, 2022b) for example, have raised objections to the biological theory of archetypes, but the objections are plagued by such dichotomies. The concept of phenotypic plasticity, however, helps to both avoid this problem as well as bridge the gap between competing theories into a more integrated model with solid biological foundations.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

Kann Es Ein Argument Für Den Skeptizismus Geben? Das Epistemische Problem Der Irrtumsmöglichkeit

Summary  Is there any argument for scepticism? The epistemic problem of the possibility of error. Arguments for scepticism rest on the assumption that knowledge claims are fallible. For this reason the concept of knowledge appears to be questionable. Since it is necessary to distinguish doubts from possible doubts, the arguments for scepticism appear to be unconvincing. If we take it into account that we know something that is immune to doubt, we should draw the conclusion that, contrary to scepticism, knowledge claims have to be compatible with being fallible. Thus any knowledge claim is capable of being doubted.     

The transcendent function in Spitteler’s Prometheus and Epimetheus

In August 2020, John Beebe and Steve Myers met via Zoom to discuss their differing interpretations of psychological typology and the different sources within Jung’s writings that influenced their books: Integrity in Depth: Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type (Beebe), and Myers-Briggs Typology vs Jungian Individuation (Myers). The discussion centred on Spitteler’s epic poem Prometheus und Epimetheus, which forms the basis of chapter V of Psychological Types. This is both the largest chapter and one of two chapters that Jung highlighted in the Argentine foreword as containing the essence of the book. Jung’s book is primarily about the transformation of personality rather than the categorization of people. Although it contains a critical psychology that deconstructs the nature of consciousness, that is only one half of the book and a stepping-stone to the other half, which is the reconciliation of opposites with particular emphasis on the relation of consciousness and the unconscious. Jung assumed that readers were already familiar with Prometheus und Epimetheus, an understanding of which sheds light on the nature of the transformation that Jung described – the development of a new attitude towards attitude itself.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.     

Seeing in the Dark: A View into Dissociation and Healing

In this paper, I will explore the role of art-making, the experience of trauma and dissociation, and the process of working with self-states from an analytic and creative frame. Relevant literature on dissociation, trauma, and the use of art will be discussed. A case involving my work with an adolescent girl who had experienced sexual abuse from a family member will be shared, with an emphasis on the meaningful role images played during the therapeutic process. Both Jungian and psychoanalytic models of conceptualizing and working with dissociation are included, following Donald Kalsched’s (2013) recommendation for a “binocular stance” to treatment, including both a focus on the inner, intrapsychic world and the interpersonal, relational realm, and how art images both illuminated and expressed these realms. Within the therapeutic process, art images allowed the therapist a view into the client’s unconscious process, and created a meeting ground for dissociative barriers to be gradually seen, felt and known, by both therapist and client. The experience of dissociation, in images and in session, provided a reference point for myself and my client, Taylor, to develop a shared understanding and a framework for growth.