论我国活体器官移植捐献人知情同意权的保障

由于活体器官捐献行为的利他性与无偿性,我国医事法律应严格规范活体器官移植捐献人的知情同意权,以保障其生命健康权。在医师告知义务方面,应采纳理性医师和具体患者标准的折衷说,并明确医师具体的告知范围。在患者同意权的表达方面,应以有无识别能力作为患者同意能力的判断标准,规范知情同意书,并增设医学托辞制度。此外,捐献人应享有知情同意的任意撤销权,但承担接受人基于信赖利益保护而产生的损害责任。     

遗体捐献的现实意义和人文反思

尸体对于人体解刹学教学具有无法替代的作用,而现今全国各医学院校都面临尸体来源短缺的棘手问题,作为社会文明进步象征之一的遗体捐献应当成为教学用尸体的主要来源.结合现状,呼吁认真反思遗体捐献中的医学伦理问题,完善相关法律法规,使遗体捐献被越来越多的人接受和赞同.     

"人体器官捐献补偿系统"的构想及相关伦理思考

器官移植技术日趋成熟,应用日益广泛,供体器官来源不足成为推广应用这项新技术的瓶颈,适当合理的器官移植补偿是缓解这一问题的方法之一.建立一套符合医学伦理学原则且行之有效的人体器官捐献补偿系统有助于保护器官移植供受双方的利益,缓解移植器官供体来源不足的问题.提出了"人体器官捐献补偿系统"的构想,并阐述了其伦理依据.     

困境与出路:骨髓捐献的法理分析

面对骨髓捐献供体的严重短缺,捐献人的随意反悔以及法律规范的缺失,从法理的视角,认定骨髓捐献的性质是合同行为,对当事人具有法律约束力;分析捐献合同的人身性和阶段性特征,并在此基础上合理配置捐献人的任意撤消权、受益人的损害赔偿请求权以及受赠人的公益责任,以权利制约权利,权利与义务的对等,保持当事人的权利平衡,这有利于维护骨髓捐献公益性行为的良性发展.     

法哲学视域下的活体器官悔捐问题研究

器官移植是医学技术的重大进步,挽救了很多患者的生命,只是面临着器官短缺的问题。目前,我国《人体器官移植条例》赋予了捐献者任意悔捐的权利,但任意悔捐带来了诸多弊端。所以,有必要不拘泥于"实定法",而从法哲学的视域分析悔捐问题。研究发现是否捐献器官应由个体自由决定;但做出捐献承诺后应诚实守信;对悔捐行为,应区分情况,适当追责。如此,活体器官捐献方能实现三大法律原则:意思自治、诚实守信、信赖保护,器官移植才能走得更远。     

困境与出路：骨髓捐献的法理分析

面对骨髓捐献供体的严重短缺,捐献人的随意反悔以及法律规范的缺失,从法理的视角,认定骨髓捐献的性质是合同行为,对当事人具有法律约束力;分析捐献合同的人身性和阶段性特征,并在此基础上合理配置捐献人的任意撤消权、受益人的损害赔偿请求权以及受赠人的公益责任,以权利制约权利,权利与义务的对等,保持当事人的权利平衡,这有利于维护骨髓捐献公益性行为的良性发展。     

“人体器官捐献补偿系统”的构想及相关伦理思考

器官移植技术日趋成熟,应用日益广泛,供体器官来源不足成为推广应用这项新技术的瓶颈,适当合理的器官移植补偿是缓解这一问题的方法之一。建立一套符合医学伦理学原则且行之有效的人体器官捐献补偿系统有助于保护器官移植供受双方的利益,缓解移植器官供体来源不足的问题。提出了"人体器官捐献补偿系统"的构想,并阐述了其伦理依据。     

献血与输血的伦理准则——本准则的目的是确定输血医学领域应该要遵守的伦理原则与规章(2000年7月12日国际输血学会大会通过)

1 献血包括造血组织供移植在所有情况下均应为自愿与无偿,不应对供者进行胁迫.供者应对血液或血液成分的捐献以及输血服务部门对血液的随后(合法)应用提供知情同意. 2 患者应予告知输血的已知风险与好处和/或可供选择的疗法,有权接受或拒绝操作.任何有效的事先指令应予尊重. 3 如患者不能提供事先知情同意,通过输血进行治疗的根据一定要符合患者的最佳利益.     

杭州市民遗体捐献意愿及影响因素的调查

旨在了解杭州市民对遗体捐献意愿现状及影响因素。采用分层随机抽样法,选取杭州市上城区、下城区、西湖区等五个地区513人作为调查对象,应用自制问卷进行调查与分析。结果显示,杭州市40.7%的市民表示百年之后愿意捐出遗体,表明杭州市民遗体捐献意愿处于较低水平,32.2%的市民知道捐献单位,13.8%的市民知道捐献程序;影响市民遗体捐献的首要因素是传统观念(470人,91.6%),其次是公众对遗体捐献程序了解程度低(392人,76.4%);遗体捐献意愿与宗教信仰有关(χ2=5.780,P0.05)。在此背景下,杭州市相关部门理应在加大力度宣传遗体捐献相关知识的同时注重生命伦理教育,完善和简化遗体捐献程序。     

捐献遗体

据说培养两名医生就需一具用于解剖实习的遗体。人们在活着的时候,同有关部门商定死后捐献自己的躯体用于医学事业,称为捐献遗体。高考的“热点”医科大学中,要求捐献遗体的也最多,许多人竟然排不上队,而只有等待追加登记。有时由追加登记而更改为正式登记则需等待几年的时间。而在那些不太热门的医科大学中,因申请人少,一俟申请便可立即被接受,我就是在一家被考生们经常填为第三志愿的医科大学登了记。捐献遗体首先要有直系亲属及主要亲戚的同意。否则遗属中有一个人反对,捐献工作则很难完成,即使大学的工作人员拿出有关事人的登…     

Together – apart: in touch in a time of separation

This paper explores the experience of working as a Jungian analyst through the various phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic, examining the importance of the physical containing space alongside the analyst’s internal mind and how technology can both help and hinder understanding. A number of clinical vignettes illustrate the challenge of communicating over a distance, paying particular attention to the way countertransference phenomena can become re-attuned. Reference is made to mythology and symbols of hope, and consideration given to the meaning and purpose of the pandemic.     

The Possibility of Meaning in Human Evolution

Science undermines the certitude of non-naturalistic answers to the question of whether human life has meaning. I explore whether evolution can provide a naturalistic basis for existential meaning. Using the work of philosopher Daniel Dennett and scientist Ursula Goodenough, I argue that evolution is the locus of the possibility of meaning because it has produced intentionality, the matrix of consciousness. I conclude that the question of the meaning of human life is an existentialist one: existential meaning is a product of the individual and collective tasks human beings undertake.     

Phenotypic plasticity and archetype: a response to common objections to the biological theory of archetype and instinct

Since Jung’s death in 1961, scholars have attempted to integrate growing biological science data into Jungian concepts such as the collective unconscious, instincts and the archetypes. This enterprise has been challenging due to persistent false dichotomies of gene and environment occasionally arising. Recent works by Roesler (2022a, 2022b) for example, have raised objections to the biological theory of archetypes, but the objections are plagued by such dichotomies. The concept of phenotypic plasticity, however, helps to both avoid this problem as well as bridge the gap between competing theories into a more integrated model with solid biological foundations.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

Kann Es Ein Argument Für Den Skeptizismus Geben? Das Epistemische Problem Der Irrtumsmöglichkeit

Summary  Is there any argument for scepticism? The epistemic problem of the possibility of error. Arguments for scepticism rest on the assumption that knowledge claims are fallible. For this reason the concept of knowledge appears to be questionable. Since it is necessary to distinguish doubts from possible doubts, the arguments for scepticism appear to be unconvincing. If we take it into account that we know something that is immune to doubt, we should draw the conclusion that, contrary to scepticism, knowledge claims have to be compatible with being fallible. Thus any knowledge claim is capable of being doubted.     

The transcendent function in Spitteler’s Prometheus and Epimetheus

In August 2020, John Beebe and Steve Myers met via Zoom to discuss their differing interpretations of psychological typology and the different sources within Jung’s writings that influenced their books: Integrity in Depth: Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type (Beebe), and Myers-Briggs Typology vs Jungian Individuation (Myers). The discussion centred on Spitteler’s epic poem Prometheus und Epimetheus, which forms the basis of chapter V of Psychological Types. This is both the largest chapter and one of two chapters that Jung highlighted in the Argentine foreword as containing the essence of the book. Jung’s book is primarily about the transformation of personality rather than the categorization of people. Although it contains a critical psychology that deconstructs the nature of consciousness, that is only one half of the book and a stepping-stone to the other half, which is the reconciliation of opposites with particular emphasis on the relation of consciousness and the unconscious. Jung assumed that readers were already familiar with Prometheus und Epimetheus, an understanding of which sheds light on the nature of the transformation that Jung described – the development of a new attitude towards attitude itself.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.     

Seeing in the Dark: A View into Dissociation and Healing

In this paper, I will explore the role of art-making, the experience of trauma and dissociation, and the process of working with self-states from an analytic and creative frame. Relevant literature on dissociation, trauma, and the use of art will be discussed. A case involving my work with an adolescent girl who had experienced sexual abuse from a family member will be shared, with an emphasis on the meaningful role images played during the therapeutic process. Both Jungian and psychoanalytic models of conceptualizing and working with dissociation are included, following Donald Kalsched’s (2013) recommendation for a “binocular stance” to treatment, including both a focus on the inner, intrapsychic world and the interpersonal, relational realm, and how art images both illuminated and expressed these realms. Within the therapeutic process, art images allowed the therapist a view into the client’s unconscious process, and created a meeting ground for dissociative barriers to be gradually seen, felt and known, by both therapist and client. The experience of dissociation, in images and in session, provided a reference point for myself and my client, Taylor, to develop a shared understanding and a framework for growth.