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理性和欲望的关系是古代西方哲学的焦点问题之一。亚里士多德继承与推进了柏拉图的思想,提出希求概念,它标志着理性和欲望(欲求)的统一。本文首先结合柏拉图与亚里士多德的灵魂学说,对希求概念的演变进行简要梳理;继而考察希求背后的欲求与努斯、真的善与显得善之间的关系,表明希求是对于"真的善"的欲求,揭示了灵魂统一的可能性;最后,通过这种灵魂-伦理学的澄清,触及政治学的重要问题,即如何培养好人,表明希求概念同样是回答这一问题的关键。 相似文献
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马修.阿诺德的《文化与无政府状态》既是一部文化批评名著,也是一部政治学名作。作者应时势之需要,赋予文化以政治教化的功能,以此来纠偏中产阶级的市侩习气,驯化底层民众的反抗精神,以力求社会摆脱陷入无政府状态的可能。阿诺德的对策固然有迂阔不实的一面,可他从文化角度去解决社会问题,对于20世纪新左派知识分子倡导的文化政治多有启发。 相似文献
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该文认为政治就是以公共权力分配为核心内容的游戏;政治学与政治哲学的根本区别在于政治学研究权力游戏规则的运行规律,而政治哲学则研究权力游戏规则的合法性;古典西方政治哲学所形成的是一种正义传统,而它正与中国古典政治哲学的天道传统相呼应。中国近代所形成的革命文化破坏了我们自己的政治哲学传统,重建我们自己的政治哲学和政治文化传统,是当代中国文化建设的核心任务之一。 相似文献
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荣格心理学与中国文化 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
荣格及其分析心理学,对于我们国内的心理学和人文科学都曾产生了重要影响。但是,荣格心理学本身,却与我们的中国文化,有着内在的联系。或者说,在荣格正是在充分吸收了中国文化的基础上,才完善与发展民其分析心理学的体系。在本文中,作者通过对汉学字维尔海姆,以及通过《易经》和“道”,分析与论述了荣格分析心理学与中国传统 关系,阐述了中国文化心理学的意义 。 相似文献
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确切地说,跨文化心理学是由一大类建立在比较文化方法基础上的心理学研究所构成的一个领域,它的所谓理论问题,主要体现为对心理学的比较文化方法和方法论课题的理论思考。跨文化心理学的方法来自两个方面。一是人类学、社会学、政治学等学科比较方法的借鉴与移植,二是传统心理学方法的跨文化改造。大部分的研究者对这种借鉴移植与改造过程中的理论问题的观点,只是或隐或显地散在于各自的跨文化心理学研究中,很少有建立统一的理论框架的尝试。目前较为突出、争论较多的有如下几个方面:关于“文化”的概念;跨文化心理学的研究层次和焦点;考 相似文献
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概念建构反映了在具体研究与理论研究间架设桥梁的学术努力,政治学具有整合“制度”概念多重内涵、实现“制度”概念综合功能的重要潜力。政治学“制度”概念的本土建构在理论与实践、传统与现代、政治学与其他学科等多重张力的影响下进行,缓解一系列重要范畴间的紧张关系。“制度”概念建构得益也受制于其多维特征,主要涉及经验现象层面国家治理制度性要素的稳定性与复杂性,认知范式层面不同研究路径的议题分工与关系调适,以及前现代化、现代化、后现代化“三化叠加”的文化生产实质。根据知识社会学性质与功能实效的差异,“制度”概念建构呈现诸多基本面向,包括以相关社会制度概念、国体、政体等形成概念基石,以体制、机制、制度为主干构成规范概念体系,深入发掘规制性、规范性、文化认知性等制度要素不断充实概念内涵,并有望围绕“制度”概念进一步凝练总结政治学话语体系、构建以制度认同为基础的政治共同体,促进制度文明间对话交流。 相似文献
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20世纪90年代以降,宗教政治化与政治宗教化趋势及其争端,日渐成为影响部分地区、国家及其国际社会政治格局与稳定的重要因素.宗教与政治的关系、互动规律及其功能互化机制等问题,成为人们关注的理论热点.在此背景下,分别研究宗教现象与政治生活的宗教学和政治学,亦加快了交叉融合的进程,并由此促进了宗教政治学的快速发展.在国内,这一发展势态也不例外.近年来,国内相关成果的数量呈逐年上升趋势.这表明,我国亦加大了对宗教政治学的研究力度. 相似文献
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On souligne, dans I'introduction du numéro spécial d' Applied Psychology: An International Review sur la Psychologie Politique, qu'il existe deux courants parmi les contributions au champ de la psychologie politique. L'un traite des implications politiques en jeu quand la politique est utilisée pour illustrer des problématiques psychologiques. L'autre est une « Psychologie Politique politique >> où les orientations des Sciences Politiques définissent les problématiques. La seconde partie de l'introduction montre que cette discipline emprunte largement à trois grandes théories de la psychologie (la théorie cognitive, la théorie de I'apprentissage et la psychanalyse) et que la plupart des publications abordent des thèmes en rapport avec les psychologies sociale, clinique, de la personnalité et du développement. Enfin, les sept contributions émanant d'auteurs de quatre continents sont brièvement introduites.
The introduction to Applied Psychology: An International Review's special issue on Political Psychology argues that there are two streams of contributions to the field of political psychology. One is work with political implications where politics are used to illustrate psychological research questions. The other is a "political Political Psychology" where the agenda of political science defines the research questions. A second part of the introduction shows that the discipline draws most heavily on three grand theories of psychology, namely cognitive theory, psychoanalysis, and learning theory with most publications working on questions related to social psychology, personality, clinical, and developmental psychology. Finally the seven contributions by authors from four continents are briefly introduced. 相似文献
The introduction to Applied Psychology: An International Review's special issue on Political Psychology argues that there are two streams of contributions to the field of political psychology. One is work with political implications where politics are used to illustrate psychological research questions. The other is a "political Political Psychology" where the agenda of political science defines the research questions. A second part of the introduction shows that the discipline draws most heavily on three grand theories of psychology, namely cognitive theory, psychoanalysis, and learning theory with most publications working on questions related to social psychology, personality, clinical, and developmental psychology. Finally the seven contributions by authors from four continents are briefly introduced. 相似文献
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政治自由主义试图将其正义观念塑造为纯粹"政治的"观念,而不能是完备性的"道德的"观念。但任何规范性的正义观念似乎都不能不是道德的,这就形成了政治自由主义所面对的一个最根本的悖论。通过分析我们可以看到,政治自由主义要克服这一悖论,必须寻求一种具有自主性的规范性政治概念。此外,政治自由主义把公民的两种道德能力当作理论前提,同时强调道德化的公民美德,这两个因素都加深了这一悖论。通过解释和分析这两种因素所带来的理论难题及其原因,文章认为,"政治的"自由主义之所以难以抹去"道德的"面纱,其根源在于政治在自由主义价值系统中的处境。 相似文献
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Moral foundations and political attitudes: The moderating role of political sophistication
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Patrizia Milesi 《International journal of psychology》2016,51(4):252-260
Political attitudes can be associated with moral concerns. This research investigated whether people's level of political sophistication moderates this association. Based on the Moral Foundations Theory, this article examined whether political sophistication moderates the extent to which reliance on moral foundations, as categories of moral concerns, predicts judgements about policy positions. With this aim, two studies examined four policy positions shown by previous research to be best predicted by the endorsement of Sanctity, that is, the category of moral concerns focused on the preservation of physical and spiritual purity. The results showed that reliance on Sanctity predicted political sophisticates' judgements, as opposed to those of unsophisticates, on policy positions dealing with equal rights for same‐sex and unmarried couples and with euthanasia. Political sophistication also interacted with Fairness endorsement, which includes moral concerns for equal treatment of everybody and reciprocity, in predicting judgements about equal rights for unmarried couples, and interacted with reliance on Authority, which includes moral concerns for obedience and respect for traditional authorities, in predicting opposition to stem cell research. Those findings suggest that, at least for these particular issues, endorsement of moral foundations can be associated with political attitudes more strongly among sophisticates than unsophisticates. 相似文献
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John E. Carr 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2017,24(3-4):234-244
For over a century, researchers and educators have called for the integration of psychological science into medical school curricula, but such efforts have been impeded by barriers within medicine and psychology. In addressing these barriers, Psychology has re-examined its relationship to Medicine, incorporated psychological practices into health care, and redefined its parameters as a science. In response to interdisciplinary research into the mechanisms of bio-behavioral interaction, Psychology evolved from an ancillary social science to a bio-behavioral science that is fundamental to medicine and health care. However, in recent medical school curriculum innovations, psychological science is being reduced to a set of “clinical skills,” and once again viewed as an ancillary social science. These developments warrant concern and consideration of new approaches to integrating psychological science in medical education. 相似文献
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国外政治心理学研究的现状与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
政治心理学是研究政治过程和心理过程相互作用规律的科学。本文论述了国外政治心理学发展的历史背景与进程,阐明了目前国外政治心理学研究的现状:对政治个体、政治群体、国际政治的研究。分析了国外政治心理学未来的发展方向:理论化和系统化;重视政治心理学双向互动机制的研究;关注国际政治中的心理问题;研究方法兼收并蓄。 相似文献
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The current investigation examined the form and magnitude of the relationship between political skill and two intrapersonal worker reactions—job satisfaction and job tension. Political skill was hypothesized to demonstrate an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship with job satisfaction and a U-shaped relationship with job tension. Data from three separate studies supported the hypothesized relationships. Specifically, moderate levels of political skill were associated with higher levels of job satisfaction (Studies 1-3) and lower levels of job tension (Studies 1 and 2). Conversely, in comparison to more moderate levels, higher and lower levels of political skill were adversely related to these outcomes. Implications, strengths and limitations, and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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From Hohenschönhausen to Guantanamo Bay: Psychology's role in the secret services of the GDR and the United States
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This paper presents a historical analysis of the genesis, context, and function of “Operative Psychology,” a little‐known branch of applied psychology developed by employees of the Ministry of State Security in the German Democratic Republic. For 25 years, theories and practices of Operative Psychology were taught to elite agents at the Juridical Academy in Potsdam, introducing them to various “silent” psychological techniques of persuasion, interrogation, and repression. After highlighting the economic and political context that increased the need for “silent” techniques of observation and repression, an overview of the topics that were taught and researched at the chair for Operative Psychology is given. Examples of how these techniques were put into practice are provided and the consequences for the victims of Operative Psychology are discussed. Furthermore, commonalities and differences between Operative Psychology and the use of psychological torture by the CIA during the “war on terror” are discussed and questions regarding the relation between methodological and moral strategies of justification are addressed. 相似文献