西方理论心理学研究的新特点

理论心理学研究的复兴是近年来西方心理学发展的新特点。西方理论心理学研究的重点,并不是通过理论化的简单转向来克服心理学发展中的困难,或以总体的、一般的抽象术语重新发明元理论,而是力图在提高理论研究方式的科学化水平基础上,加强对具体的、中等水平的亚理论问题的整合性学术探讨。进一步寻求心理学理论研究走向繁荣的学科内在发展机制。     

高通量分析技术:流行背后的思考

1　高通量分析技术产生的背景人类基因组计划以前的遗传学偏重于单个基因的研究 ,而人类基因组计划则是把目光投向整个基因组的所有基因 ,从整体水平去考虑基因的存在、基因的结构与功能、基因之间的相互关系等 ,其意义与价值是以前的研究方法所不可比拟的。正是由于这个背景 ,伴随着相关技术的成熟 (光蚀刻、机器手、大规模测序、生物信息学技术 ) ,生物芯片这个集多学科之大成的技术产物应运而生[1] 。芯片技术一经推出 ,立即在世界范围内引起轰动。最初产生的芯片主要是ＤＮＡ芯片、ｃＤＮＡ微阵列 ,随后 ,蛋白质阵列浮出水面 ,并逐渐开…     

理论心理学辨析

科学体系中总是包含着理论成分,不同的学科中也都存在着专门从事理论研究的分枝。如物理学中有理论物理学．化学中有理论化学,生物学中有理论生物学。这些理论学科区别于实验或应用学科,它们不是以观察、实验等经验方法研究自然现象,而是以数学演绎和逻辑推理等非经验的或思辩的方法探讨问题。在上述这些学科中,理论学科分枝从未因它们的思辩性质而受到排斥或轻视,事实上,这些理论学科成为整个学科发展的基础．科学家给予它们以足够的重视、这些学科分枝也为科学的发展作出了重要的贡献．如在理论物理学中,爱因斯坦的相对论对整个物…     

当代医学技术演进若干问题的探讨

现代医学技术存在一系列不同于20世纪前医学技术的特点;医学技术生态系统的形成和医学技术的丛生状态,医学技术系统自身及其环境之间的协同演进,技术的物质实体与关系实体的并存,技术实体与技术实在的分离,以及技术的无意识结果,都反映了当代医学技术发展的一些共性特点,而这些特点从另一个角度揭示了当代医学技术的复杂性、作用的多元性和医学技术的歧义性,对医学技术的开发、应用和管理提出了新的要求。     

技术创新要求突破多媒体教学体系中的“技术工具论”思维误区

多媒体技术在教学中的运用不仅仅使教学形式更加多样化,还促进了教学思想的革新。这一技术模式源于一种全新的心灵模式,这种心灵模式是开放的、交互的、非线性的(多样化的、差异化的)。不能简单地用技术工具论的思维模式来理解多媒体技术,如果那样,多媒体技术模式的真正价值就得不到体现,因此改变教育观念是充分发挥多媒体技术模式的重要基础。     

劝导技术的伦理意蕴

劝导技术作为一种被设计用来改变人的态度和行为的交互式技术,具有深刻的伦理意蕴.劝导技术可以按照社会伦理道德的要求,从正面引导和规范人的行为,实现“道德的物化”;劝导技术也可能被用于非道德的目的,需要认真研究和防范.     

从技术创新看负压封闭引流技术的发展

负压封闭引流技术(vacuumsealing drainage,VSD)是近几年来发展起来的一项新的创口引流技术,其操作方便,应用简单,在临床各个科室得到广泛应用和发展,作者介绍了这一新的引流技术的发展历史、技术原理及临床应用情况。并对负压封闭引流技术的创新特点和创新方法进行了简要论述及展望。     

从技术创新看负压封闭引流技术的发展

负压封闭引流技术(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)是近几年来发展起来的一项新的创口引流技术,其操作方便,应用简单,在临床各个科室得到广泛应用和发展,作者介绍了这一新的引流技术的发展历史、技术原理及临床应用情况.并对负压封闭引流技术的创新特点和创新方法进行了简要论述及展望.     

探寻心理治疗技术的折衷趋势

自从上世纪八十年代初期起,心理治疗理论已迅速趋向折衷与整合。这个取向的想法是,应该把多种最好的治疗取向组合起来,以孕育出更完整的理论模式,并发展出更有效的技术方法。简单地说就是合成最佳的取向(两种或两种以上),以产生更好的观念架构。本文正是在这种思想的指导下．以技术为线索,试着综合了不同理论、不同流派之间分歧的不同要素,从而在不同的技术上合成最佳的取向。     

意象对话技术简评

意象对话技术是在精神分析和心理动力学理论的基础上发展起来的一种心理治疗技术,它通过诱导来访者做想象,了解来访者的潜意识心理冲突,并通过修改意象进行治疗。意象对话技术的适应症非常广泛而且效果显著。     

股权激励与企业技术创新——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文选取2006-2012年152家实施了股权激励的制造业上市公司作为实验组样本,和没有实施股权激励的1318家制造业上市公司为对照组进行比对,实验组的技术创新水平考察区间从激励当年到2016年,对照组的技术创新水平的考察区间从2006年到2016年,采用倾向得分匹配方法,研究股权激励对企业技术创新的影响。结果表明,有效控制样本选择偏差后,实施股权激励的企业技术创新水平显著提高。通过对实施股权激励的上市公司股权集中度分类,发现股权集中的企业技术创新水平更高。     

Exploring the motivations behind self-injury

This study explored self-described motivations for self-injuring behavior. One hundred and fifty four individuals were asked to express, in their own words, why they harmed themselves. The most frequently endorsed reason for self-injury was to obtain emotional release. The second most common intent was to resolve dissociation, and feel alive or real. Individuals also revealed that they self-injured in order to gain a sense of control, to punish themselves, to distract themselves, and to avoid suicidal or homicidal actions. Theoretical implications of these attributions for self-injury are discussed.     

Disagreement behind the veil of ignorance

In this paper we argue that there is a kind of moral disagreement that survives the Rawlsian veil of ignorance. While a veil of ignorance eliminates sources of disagreement stemming from self-interest, it does not do anything to eliminate deeper sources of disagreement. These disagreements not only persist, but transform their structure once behind the veil of ignorance. We consider formal frameworks for exploring these differences in structure between interested and disinterested disagreement, and argue that consensus models offer us a solution concept for disagreements behind the veil of ignorance.     

The visual world behind the head

After a 5-minute inspection of 7 objects laid out on a shelf, subjects were seated with the objects behind them and answered questions about the locations and orientations of objects by throwing a switch left or right. The "visual image" subjects were told to imagine that the objects were still in front of them and to respond accordingly. The "real space" (RS) subjects were told to respond in terms of the positions of the objects in real space behind them. Thus correct responses (left vs. right) were completely opposite for the 2 groups. A control group responded while facing a curtain concealing the objects. The task was harder, by time and error criteria, for group RS than for the other 2 groups, but not dramatically so. All RS subjects denied using a response-reversal strategy. Some reported translating the objects from back to front and thus responding as to a mirror-image of the array. When this evasion was discouraged, RS subjects typically reported responding in terms of visual images located behind them and viewed as if by "eyes in the back of the head." The paradox of a visual image that corresponds to no possible visual input is discussed.     

“神功“揭秘变味之谜(第三部分)

〔表演过程〕助手将一瓶人们常喝的北京二锅头和两个透明玻璃杯放在桌上。主持人请上台来一位会喝酒的观众,让他把酒开封,往两个玻璃杯中各倒半杯,并请他尝一尝是不是正宗的北京二锅头?观众饮了一小口,巴达巴达嘴点头称“是”。主持人将酒杯放在桌子的左右     

Copying behind during dictation

Simple prose was presented in groups of one, three, or six words, with silent intervals between groups. The overall rate of presentation was equated for these three conditions at about twice as fast as the subjects could print in capital letters. They were instructed to continue printing until they could not remember what came next, and then to start again at once with the next word which they heard. The same passages were presented three times.

On the first presentation an error-free ear-hand span of 14 words was found. This is within the range of the extreme spans reported by Bryan and Harter, and is larger than the spans reported for other receptors and effectors. Presenting six words at a time gave only slightly larger spans than presenting fewer words more frequently. The subjects tended to give up at positions related to punctuation, presumably because they stored the material according to its syntax and meaning. The small size of the differences found between the three methods of presentation was partly attributed to this.