Editorial board page for “Psychology and Health”, Volume 1, Number 1

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue.     

Editorial board page for “Psychological Perspectives”, Volume 22, Number 1

Abstract

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue.     

Editorial board page for “Visual Cognition”, Volume 1, Number 2-3

Abstract

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue.     

WHO NEEDS ARAB-JEWISH IDENTITY? FRAGMENTED CONSCIOUSNESS, “INESSENTIAL SOLIDARITY,” AND THE “COMING COMMUNITY”1 (PART 1)

The title, as the study itself, has been inspired by four theoretical contributions: first, Stuart Hall's essay “Introduction: Who Needs ‘Identity’” (in Questions of Cultural Identity, ed. Stuart Hall and Paul Du Gay. London: Sage, 1996); second, Paul Gilroy's The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness, which opens with the sentence: “Striving to be both European and black requires some specific forms of double consciousness. But saying this, I do not mean to suggest taking on either or both unfinished identities necessarily exhausts subjective resources of any particular individual” (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993, 1). Third, Diane Davis's question: “Is there a way to activate a sense of solidarity among singularities – a way to say ‘we’ – that doesn't automatically exclude, that doesn't just ask for trouble by simultaneously feeding this craving for … Gemeinschaft (in the name of which any number of ‘we's have committed the most horrific atrocities in recorded history)?” (“‘Addicted to Love’; Or, Toward an Inessential Solidarity,” in Jac: A Journal of Composition Theory 19.3 (1999), 639); and fourth, Giorgio Agamben's The Coming Community (Minneapolis: Minnesota Press, 1993). The article consists of four sections, the first is a short theoretical background to the notion of identity. The second section is an examination of four major collective processes, two of them collective exclusionary operations and erasure, which Arabized Jews have undergone. The third section deals with the globalization and the search for inessential solidarities among Arabized Jews. The fourth section is the conclusion to the study, in which the notion of Arab-Jewish identity is revisited.     

Testing 1, 2, 3, …4? The personality of repeat SAT test takers and their testing outcomes

The current study considered the correlates of test retaking. In particular, the personality trait of neuroticism was proposed to be related to retaking the SAT test. Results revealed that, accounting for initial SAT score and the other Big Five factors of personality, neuroticism predicted the number of times an individual took the SAT before attending college. Further, the results of a latent growth model indicated that, for those who retook the SAT, test scores showed improvement over time. None of the Big Five predicted changes in SAT scores. Results are discussed in light of the possible benefits of high levels of neuroticism for SAT score improvement.     

MÜLLER-LYER SUSCEPTIBILITY CULTURE,ECOLOGY OR RACE1?

L'auteur évoque brièvement les trois lignes de recherches qui attribuent la cause de L'illusion de Müller-Lyer, respectivement à un facteur de différenciation perceptive, à un facteur écologique (milieu “charpenté” ou non), à un facteur de pigmentation rétinienne. Il examine quelle est la part de chacun de ces facteurs dans les résultats de 10 échantillons de sujets, qui varient selon la culture et L'écologie. C'est L'hypothèse de pigmentation rétinienne qui semble la mieux confirmée, la moins confirmée était L'hypothèse écologique et le rôle de la différenciation perceptive ne recevant aucune confirmation de culture en culture.     

What Is Important on the Job? Differences Across Gender,Perspective, and Job Level1

The importance ratings of job competency dimensions on a 360‐degree feedback instrument were examined. We hypothesized that men (incumbents and bosses) would rate agentic behaviors higher in importance than would women, and that women (incumbents and bosses) would rate communal behaviors higher in importance than would men. Differences were found for men and women across rating sources and across job level (organizational position). The present findings suggest that men and women incumbents view different factors as important for their jobs and that people in higher level jobs place more importance on agentic behaviors than do those in lower level positions, and people in lower level jobs place more importance on communal behaviors than do those in higher level positions.     

Editorial Board Page for “Psychology and Health”, Volume 9, Number 1-2

Abstract

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue.     

Families of Choice? Exploring the Supportive Networks of Lesbians,Gay Men,and Bisexuals1

Despite the judicial and cultural progress that has been made in Flanders (i.e., Dutch‐speaking part of Belgium), lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals (LGBs) are still a stigmatized sexual minority. They are assumed to rely extensively on the support of friends to compensate for lack of familial support (i.e., family‐of‐choice hypothesis). In this article, we compare the support networks of 2,754 Flemish LGBs and 1,199 Flemish citizens and find convincing support for the family‐of‐choice hypothesis. LGBs seem to rely primarily on friends, while the average Fleming primarily relies on family for confidant support. We discuss the supportive potential captured in these friendship networks and raise the question “Are friends all a person needs?”     

On the reliability, consistency, and method-specificity based on the CT-C(M–1) model

In the present study, we discuss reliability, consistency, and method specificity based on the CT-C(M?-?1) model, which provides clear definitions of trait and method factors and can facilitate parameter estimation. Properties of the reliability coefficient, the consistency coefficient, and the method-specificity coefficient of the summated score for a trait factor are addressed. The consistency coefficient and the method-specificity coefficient are both functions of the number of items, the average item consistency, and the average item method specificity. The usefulness of the findings is demonstrated in an alternative approach proposed for scale reduction. The approach, taking into account both traits and methods, helps identify the items leading to the maximum of convergent validity or method effects. The approach, illustrated with a simulated data set, is recommended for scale development based on multitrait-multimethod designs.     

Coping With Threats to Just‐World Beliefs: Derogate,Blame, or Help?1

The present research investigated Lerner's (1970, 1980) just‐world theory by manipulating victim‐related factors in a scenario and measuring several possible strategies for dealing with the threat to participants' just‐world beliefs created by the victim's intense suffering. Participants read a story about a victim who varied in terms of his character (likeable vs. unlikeable) and behavioral responsibility for causing his accident (high vs. low). The general pattern of results showed that for the unlikeable low‐responsibility victim, the primary response to protect justice beliefs appeared to be character derogation; for the likeable high‐responsibility victim, the primary protective strategy appeared to be blame; and for the likeable low‐responsibility victim, the primary protective strategy appeared to be compensation. Implications for just‐world theory are discussed.     

Nationality Versus Humanity? Personality,Identity, and Norms in Relation to Attitudes Toward Asylum Seekers1

Right‐wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, Australian and human identity salience, and perceived Australian and human norms were related to the attitudes, feelings and behaviors toward asylum seekers of 242 Australian students and activists. Those high in right‐wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation were less welcoming, as were participants who identified strongly as Australians and perceived hostile national norms. Independently, participants who identified strongly as humans were significantly more welcoming to asylum seekers, and an interaction was found such that those who identified strongly as Australians were more welcoming when they also identified strongly as humans. Implications for theories of identity and prejudice are examined, and interventions to reduce conflict by utilizing the human level of identification are discussed.