W. Horsley Gantt—A legend in his time

This article, reprinted by permission of Johns Hopkins University Press, originally appeared inThe Johns Hopkins Medical Journal, Vol. 139 No. 3, September 1976, pgs. 121–126.     

Back to the future: A review essay of paul hawken, amory lovins and L. Hunter Lovins’ Natural capitalism and Bjørn Lomberg’s The skeptical environmentalist

Conclusion Despite all the hyperbole, Natural Capitalism is not a great book and even less of a radical concept. Indeed, the "natural" is wholly unnecessary, for most of its "radical insights" amounts to nothing more than a rediscovery of the fundamental tenets of a market economy. Good capitalist entrepreneurs have always been able to figure out that pollution and waste are both inefficient and expensive. They never needed government officials or business consultants to tell them that you can do well financially and environmentally at the same time. In spite of all this, if Natural Capitalism succeeds in convincing a large segment of the population that economic growth needn’t coincide with environmental degradation, it will have played a useful role—perhaps one that long-time advocates of market economies simply cannot play. One nonetheless hopes that Hawken and the Lovins will one day take a good look at what their ancestors achieved and give some credit to writers who made all of their good points—and most of their bad ones—long before they were born. He received his Ph.D. in Geography from the University of Montreal and recently completed a two year post-doctoral fellowship at the Johns Hopkins University. His main research interests are environmental and economic development issues and intellectual property. Much of the research leading to this article was completed while the author was a research fellow at the Political Economy Research Center (Bozeman, Montana) in the Summer of 2000.     

Response to the critiques of ‘“fundamentalism” Christian and Islamic’ by Bruce Lawrence and Azim Nanji

Alicia Suskin Ostriker, The Nakedness of the Fathers: Biblical Visions and Revisions. New Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers University Press, 1994, xv + 260 pp. ISBN 0 8135 2125 4.

Daniel Pals, Seven Theories of Religion. New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, vii + 294 pp., $19.95 (hardback) ISBN 0 19 508724 0, $13.95 (paperback) ISBN 0 19 508725 9.

Grady Scott Davis, Warcraft and the Fragility of Virtue: An Essay in Aristotelian Ethics. Moscow, Idaho, University of Idaho Press, 1992, x+196 pp., $19.95 (paperback) ISBN 0 8930 1 1541.

Dale F. Eickelman and James Piscatori, Muslim Politics. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1996, xi+235 pp., $39.50, £33.50 (hardback) ISBN 0 691 03184 3, $13.95, £10.95 (paperback) ISBN 0 691 00870 1.

Mark J. Rozell and Clyde Wilcox, Second Coming: The New Christian Right in Virginia Politics. Baltimore and London, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, xii+285 pp., $32.95 ISBN 0 8018 5297 8.     

Partial assessment of technologies

Trade‐Offs: Imperatives of Choice in a High‐Tech World, by Ed Wenk, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986, 238 pages, hb $20     

The Making of the Reliably Religious Boy

In Men, Religion, and Melancholia: James, Otto, Jung, and Erikson (D. Capps, 1997) and Men and Their Religion: Honor, Hope, and Humor (D. Capps, 2002), I argued that men are no less religious than women, but their religiousness is different from that of women because it has its psychological origins in the emotional separation between a boy and his mother around the ages of three to five. Employing Freud’s “Mourning and Melancholia” (S. Freud, 1917/1963) essay, I suggested that their religiousness is rooted in an ontological state of melancholy (which is different from the psychological state of depression). In Men and Their Religion I identified the religions of honor and of hope as the primary forms of male melancholic religion, and suggested that humor is a third form that may come to one’s assistance when one experiences the limitations of the other two religions. In this article, I focus on my own early adolescent years (age 11–14) and explain how one boy became reliably religious, that is, how he embraced or internalized the religions of honor and of hope. In the companion article, I will explain how these two religions were relativized—and thereby preserved—by the religion of humor.     

Witch‐hunt as enlightenment

Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrel With Science by Paul R. Gross and Norman Levitt. Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994, 314 pages, $25.95 hardback only     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed:
Overcoming Intolerance in South Africa: Experiments in Democratic Persuasion . By James L. Gibson and Amanda Gouws. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2003. 262 pp. Reviewed by David B. Coplan University of the Witwatersrand
The Tormented President: Calvin Coolidge, Death, and Clinical Depression . By Robert E. Gilbert. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. 2003. 288 pp. Reviewed by Donald F. Anderson University of Michigan-Dearborn
Affirmative Action is Dead; Long Live Affirmative Action . By Faye J. Crosby. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 2004. 331 pp. Reviewed by John F. Dovidio University of Connecticut
Explaining Foreign Policy: U.S. Decision-Making and the Persian Gulf War . By Steve Yetiv. Balitmore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 2004. 304 pp. Reviewed by J. David Singer University of Michigan     

The Israel press council: Review and suggestions for improvement

The aim of this essay is to review the work of the Israel Press Council. The essay considers the history of the Press Council, analysing the way it has developed, its work, and how it reached its current status. It is argued that the existing situation is far from satisfactory, and that the media should advance more elaborate mechanisms of self-control, empowering the Press Council with greater authority and equipping it with substantive ability to sanction. R. Cohen-Almagor, D. Phil. (Oxon., 1991); Senior Lecturer, Department of Communication, University of Haifa; Member, Israel Press Council (1997– ); Visiting Professor and the Fulbright-Yitzhak Rabin scholar for this year, UCLA School of Law (1999–2000); author of The Boundaries of Liberty and Tolerance (University Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 1994), Speech, Media and Ethics (Macmillan, London, 2000) and editor of Basic Issues in Israeli Democracy (Sifriat Poalim, Tel Aviv, Hebrew, 1999), Liberal Democracy and the Limits of Tolerance: Essays in Honor and Memory of Yitzhak Rabin (University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI, 2000), Challenges to Democracy: Essays in Honour and Memory of Isaiah Berlin (Ashgate, London, 2000), and Medical Ethics at the Dawn of the 21st Century (New York Academy of Sciences, New York, 2000). Dr. Cohen-Almagor is now completing a book on The Right to Die in Dignity: An Argument in Ethics, Medicine, and Law.     

Book reviews

Paul Ricoeur. Freud and Philosophy: An Essay On Interpretation (trans. Denis Savage). New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970. Pp. 1–551. Indexed. $15.00.

Keith Campbell. Body and Mind. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970. Pp. vi, 150. Indexed. $1.45 (paper).

D. J. O'Connor. Free Will. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday Anchor Books, 1971. Pp. 1–150. Indexed. $1.45.

Dwight van de Vate, Jr. (ed.). Persons, Privacy, and Feeling: Essays in the Philosophy of Mind. Memphis: Memphis State University Press, 1970. Pp. vii, 140. Indexed. $5.00.     

Teaching ethics in engineering and computer science: A panel discussion

At a conference, two engineering professors and a philosophy professor discussed the teaching of ethics in engineering and computer science. The panelists considered the integration of material on ethics into technical courses, the role of ethical theory in teaching applied ethics, the relationship between cases and codes of ethics, the enlisting of support of engineering faculty, the background needed to teach ethics, and the assessment of student outcomes. Several audience members contributed comments, particularly on teaching ethical theory and on student assessment. This panel discussion took place at a mini-conference, Practicing and Teaching Ethics in Engineering and Computing, held during the Sixth Annual Meeting of the Association for Practical and Professional Ethics, Washington, D.C., March 8–9, 1997. Biographical information on panelists: Charles Glagola is an assistant professor of civil engineering at the University of Florida. He is a registered professional engineer in the states of Florida and Alabama. Before coming to academia, he had extensive industry experience culminating with his owning and operating a construction and engineering firm in Pensacola, Florida. He currently teaches engineering ethics as part of a professional issues course in the Department of Civil Engineering, and a one-hour engineering ethics course that is offered to all engineering students through the College of Engineering. Moshe Kam is professor of electrical and computer engineering at Drexel University. He heads Drexel’s Data Fusion Laboratory which specializes in multisensor systems and robot navigation. His professional interests include detection and estimation, distributed decision making, forensic applications of image processing, and engineering ethics. Michael Loui is professor of electrical and computer engineering and associate dean of the Graduate College at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. From 1990 to 1991, he served at the National Science Foundation in Washington, D.C. His scholarly interests include computational complexity theory, theory of parallel and distributed computation, fault-tolerant software, and professional ethics. Caroline Whitbeck is a philosopher of science, technology and medicine and is the Elmer G. Beamer-Hubert H. Shneider Professor in Ethics at Case-Western Reserve University. She also directs the WWW Ethics Center for Engineering & Science— http://ethics.cwru.edu— under a grant from the National Science Foundation. The focus of her current work is practical ethics, especially ethics in scholarly and scientific research. Her book, Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research, will appear from Cambridge University Press in winter 1997–98.     

Comments on Sydney Shoemaker’s <Emphasis Type="Italic">Physical Realization</Emphasis>

This paper interprets and criticizes some of the views presented in Sydney Shoemaker’s book, Physical Realization (Oxford University Press, 2007), on the topic of how mental properties are realized by physical properties, given that, on his view, human persons are not even token-identical with human bodies.     

Briefly noted

Eric M. Gander. On Our Minds: How Evolutionary Psychology Is Reshaping the Nature‐versus‐Nurture Debate. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004. 293 pp. $45.00 (cloth). ISBN 0801873878. Jean‐Pierre Changeux. The Physiology of Truth: Neuroscience and Human Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004. 324 pp. $45.00 (cloth). ISBN 0674012836. Don DeNevi & John H. Campbell. Into the Minds of Madmen: How the FBI's Behavioral Science Unit Revolutionized Crime Investigation. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2004. 438 pp. $28.00 (cloth). ISBN 1591021359. Ted Dadswell. The Selborne Pioneer, Gilbert White as Naturalist and Scientist: A Re‐Examination. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2003. 238 pp. $79.95 (cloth). ISBN 0754607496. David K. Johnson. The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2004. 280 pp. $30.00 (cloth). ISBN 0226404811.     

Otto Rank's art

Abstract

Otto Rank's work has had an indirect influence on much of existential‐humanistic psychology, yet his contribution has been unevenly acknowledged. Seeing Rank as a developing artist helps to put his creative contributions to psychoanalysis, post‐psychoanalytic critique, and existential‐humanistic psychotherapy, in perspective. After his separation from Freud, Rank's innovative thought blossomed; his later works have deep and lingering humanistic import. A look at convergences and divergences between Freud and Rank shows that Rank's art (of living, of theorizing, and of practicing therapy) is an uncannily familiar and inspiring model of humanistic practice in the world. The continuing relevance of Rank's ideas about art and artists is explored, and Rank is re‐introduced to humanistic psychologists who may recognize aspects of his work as consonant with their own.     

Book reviews

A. A. Long (ed.). Problems in Stoicism. London: The Athlone Press of the University of London, 1971. Pp. 1–257. Indexed. $13.00.

Mario Bunge. Foundations of Physics. Springer Tracts in Natural Philosophy. Volume 10. New York: Springer‐Verlag New York, Inc., 1967. Pp. xii, 311. Indexed. $17.00.

E. D. Klemke (ed.). Essays on Bertrand Russell. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971. Pp. xi, 458. Indexed. $3.95 (paper).

E. M. Curley. Spinoza's Metaphysics: An Essay in Interpretation Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1969. Pp xv, 174. Indexed. $8.00

Joel J. Kupperman. Ethical Knowledge. New York: Humanities Press, 1971. Pp 1–156. Indexed. $8.50.

Wesley C. Salmon (ed.). Zeno's Paradoxes. Indianapolis, Indiana: Bobbs‐Merrill, 1970. Pp x, 309. Indexed. $3.95 (paper).

Leo Elders. Aristotle's Theology; A Commentary on Book A of the Metaphysics. Van Gorcum (distributed in U.S.A. by Humanities Press, New York), 1972. Pp 1–309. Indexed. $18.50.

Ernest Nagel, Sylvain Bromberger, and Adolf Grunbaum. Observation and Theory in Science. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins Press, 1971. Pp 1–134. Indexed. $6.95.     

Biomedical science in supermarket tabloids

Supermarket tabloids present, as truthful, stories about biomedical science that are greatly exaggerated and often fictitious. Apparently a sizable portion of their large readership accepts these stories as correct. This is “scientific journalism” at its worst, but its standards are not wholly different from those of the mainline press. Allan Mazur is both a sociologist and a technologist. He received an M.S. in Engineering from UCLA and worked for several years as an aerospace engineer before obtaining a Ph.D. in sociology from Johns Hopkins University. He has been a member of the social science faculties of MIT and Stanford University, and is currently a professor in Syracuse University's Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs.The Dynamics of Technical Controversy (1981) is his major work on public disputes over technology, and he continues to work in this area as well as in biosociology.     

Personality and the coherence of psychotherapy narratives

The stories people construct about themselves and their social worlds are key aspects of their identities [Bruner, J. S. (1990). Acts of meaning. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; McAdams, D. P. (2001). The psychology of life stories. Review of General Psychology, 5, 100–122]. Whereas certain expected life experiences (e.g., leaving home, getting a job) may be relatively easy to narrate, more unexpected and difficult events, such as undergoing psychotherapy, may pose a challenge to successful narration. Yet it is especially important to successfully narrate one’s experience in psychotherapy in order to maintain the gains from treatment [Frank, J. D. (1961). Persuasion and healing: A comprehensive study of psychotherapy. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press; Spence, D. P. (1982). Narrative truth and historical truth: Meaning and interpretation in psychoanalysis. New York: W.W. Norton]. The present study collected psychotherapy narratives from 76 adult former clients and coded them for the fundamental story criterion of coherence [Baerger, D. R., & McAdams, D. P. (1999). Life story coherence and its relation to psychological well-being. Narrative Inquiry, 9, 69–96]. Former clients that were high in trait Openness to experience and those at higher stages of ego development told more coherent stories about therapy. The relationship between ego development and narrative coherence remained significant even when controlling for Openness. The findings suggest that high ego development may provide narrators with the kind of sophisticated frameworks for meaning-making that are especially well-suited for the important task of making good sense of psychotherapy.     

Lacking <Emphasis Type="Italic">lack</Emphasis>: a reply to Joldersma

First I would like to thank Clarence Joldersma for his review of our Poststructuralism, Philosophy, Pedagogy (Marshall, 2004-PPP). In particular, I would thank him for his opening sentence: “[t]his book is a response to a lack.” It is the notion of a lack, noted again later in his review, which I wish to take up mainly in this response. Rather than defending or elaborating our particular contributions to PPP—the latter would be a great indignity to my colleagues as I would not write over them—I will take the opportunity to develop the theme of a lack, as I believe that Joldersma has raised a very important issue. But first I will respond briefly to some of Joldersma’s general and opening statements about the book, and my philosophical position in particular.

book review

Crime and Human Nature: The Definitive Study of the Causes of Crime by James Q. Wilson and Richard J. Herrnstein. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985, 639 pp., $12.95 paper.

The Negative Scream by Sally O'Brien. London: Routledge &; Kegan Paul, 1985, 148 pp., $12.95 paper.

Captain Kidd and the War Against the Pirates by Robert C. Ritchie. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986, 306 pp., $20.00 hb.

American Violence &; Public Policy by Lynn A. Curtis (ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985.

Taking Care of Business: The Economics of Crime by Heroin Abusers by Bruce D. Johnson, Paul J. Goldstein, Edward Preble, James Schmeidler, Douglas S. Lipton, Barry Spunt and Thomas Miller. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1985, 275 pp., $29.00 hb.

Life With Heroin: Voices From the Inner City by Bill Hanson, George Beschner, James M. Walters and Elliott Bovelle (eds.). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1985, 208 pp., hb.

Policy Analysts in the Bureauaraay by Arnold Meltsner. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976 hb, 1986 paper, 326 pp., $11.95.

>The War on Drugs: Heroin, Cocaine, and Public Policy by James A. Inciardi. Palo Alto, California: Mayfield Publishing Company, 1986, $9.95 paper.

Sartre and Marxist Existentialism by Thomas R. Flynn. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1984, 265 pp., $10.95 paper.     

The Finite-Dimensional Freeman Thesis

I suggest a modification—and mathematization—of Freeman’s thesis on the relations among “perception”, “the finite brain”, and “the world”, based on my recent proposal that the theory of finite topological spaces is both an adequate and a natural mathematical foundation for human psychology.

Sigmund Freud and Otto Rank: debates and confrontations about anxiety and birth

The publication of Otto Rank's The Trauma of Birth (1924) gave rise to an intense debate within the secret Committee and confronted Freud with one of his most beloved disciples. After analyzing the letters that the Professor exchanged with his closest collaborators and reviewing the works he published during this period, it is clear that anxiety was a crucial element among the topics in dispute. His reflections linked to the signal anxiety concept allowed Freud to refute Rank's thesis that defined birth trauma as the paradigmatic key to understanding neurosis, and, in turn, was a way of confirming the validity of the concepts of Oedipus complex, repression and castration in the conceptualization of anxiety. The reasons for the modifications of anxiety theory in the mid-1920s cannot be reduced, as Freud would affirm officially in his work of 1926, to the detection of internal contradictions in his theory or to the desire to establish a metapsychological version of the problem, for they gain their essential impulse from the debate with Rank.