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1.
Dindo M. Campilan Gordon Prain Cherry Leah Bagalanon 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1999,11(4):114-131
This paper discusses the experience of a Philippines-based agricultural research program, where participatory evaluation is
embedded in a broader, user-centered participatory research approach. Three case projects illustrate and analyze participatory
evaluation of agricultural research in a developing country context. Different evaluation types are identified and their use
in different phases of the research process is discussed. These field experiences show how “evaluation from the inside” can
contribute to effective research planning and implementation, particularly in enhancing sensitivity to user needs and situations.
network for user participatory rootcrop R&D sponsored by the International Potato Center in Asia. Under his leadership, UPWARD
has increasingly sought to build participatory monitoring and evaluation into the network’s research and development activities.
He has a Ph.D. in communication and innovation studies from Wageningen Agricultural University in The Netherlands. Prior joining
UPWARD, Campilan worked with the International Institute of Rural Reconstruction and the Philippine Root Crop Research and
Training Center. His research interests include communication of innovations, institutional linkage development, participatory
research methods and tools, and strengthening local knowledge systems.
From 1991 until 1997 he was coordinator of Users’ Perspectives With Agricultural Research and Development (UPWARD) network.
He was previously based in Latin America. His main research interests include the socioeconomic and cultural aspects of crop
genetic diversity conservation and utilization involving ethnobotanical studies, on-farm conservation, and work on seed systems.
He is also interested in research on rural enterprise development. He has been actively involved in capacity building initiatives
among national agricultural researchers, especially in participatory research methods and planning techniques. He can be contacted
CIP-ESEAP, Kebun Percobaan Muara, Jalan Raya Ciapus, Bogor 16610, Indonesia, fax (62 251) 316 264, e-mail: G.Prain@cgiar.org.
Her major responsibilities include facilitating the network’s activities on sustainable crop management R&D and on capacity
building in participatory approaches and methods. At the UPWARD coordinating office, she is in charge of training, publications,
and information management. She has extensive training and hands on experience in the use of participatory methods and tools,
particularly through a Philippines project on soil resource management for sweetpotato production. She has an MSc in family
resource management and development communication from the University of the Philippines at Los Ba?os. Her research interests
include sustainable crop management, strengthening local R&D capacity, and field testing participatory methods and tools. 相似文献
2.
刘成纪 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2008,3(4):577-594
Richard Shusterman’s Pragmatist Aesthetics: Living Beauty, Rethinking Art was published in China in 2002. In the preface of the Chinese edition, the author claimed that his tentative idea of soma
esthetics was encouraged by Chinese philosophy and other ancient Asian philosophy. Shusterman’s background in pragmatist philosophy
greatly constrains his understanding of the body in classical Chinese aesthetics in that he only pays attention to the technical
aspects of physical training while neglecting the philosophical basis of this training. In Chinese philosophy the orientation
of the body, the relationship between the body and the universe, the body characteristic of the beauty of nature and the beauty
of art, etc., is a theoretical response to Shusterman’s oriental misreading.
Translated by Lei Yongqiang from Wenyi Yanjiu 컄틕퇐뺿 (Literature & Art Studies), 2007, (4): 23–31 相似文献
3.
This article presents an approach we have developed for the assessment of public research institutions in the natural sciences
and engineering. The method consists in the exploitation of available S&T databases and indicators, including bibliometrics
(databases of scientific as well as technical literature), patents, and internal data. Results are therefore derived through
multiple databases. The objective is to profile a specific national R&D community in order to assess the positioning of a
public institution or program within the community to which it belongs. It involves obtaining the profile of the evolution
of an R&D area, the R&D performers, the financing and support institutions, the users of R&D results, and the interactions
between all these actors. A case-study of Canadian research in polymers is presented.
Part of this research was financed by the National Research Council of Canada, and by a strategic grant from the Social Sciences
and Humanities Research Council. The research benefited from the expertise of Robert Letellier, Robert H. Marchessault, Jacques
Martel, and Marielle Piché, and from the technical assistance of Maryse Prud’homme, Marcel Parent, and Benoit Longpré. 相似文献
4.
5.
Dresser R 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2006,27(2):115-139
Pharmaceutical companies are major sponsors of biomedical research. Most scholars and policymakers focus their attention on
government and academic oversight activities, however. In this article, I consider the role of pharmaceutical companies’ internal
ethics statements in guiding decisions about corporate research and development (R&D). I review materials from drug company
websites and contributions from the business and medical ethics literature that address ethical responsibilities of businesses
in general and pharmaceutical companies in particular. I discuss positive and negative uses of pharmaceutical companies’ ethics
materials and describe shortcomings in the companies’ existing ethics programs. To guide employees and reassure outsiders,
companies must add rigor, independence, and transparency to their R&D ethics programs. 相似文献
6.
There is a gap between the methods and techniques discussed in planning and management literature, and practitioners’ experiences
of agricultural research and extension. This gap is attributable to the fact that outcomes of research and extension (R&E)
initiatives are shaped by the interactions of contending coalitions that form around issues or approaches and promote or oppose
them. This framework is used to elucidate the development of technologies and methodologies in the past. Implications are
drawn for future planning and management, based on seeing the use of methods and techniques in terms of the broader social
and political contexts of research and development.
This article was prepared for the international evaluation conference:Evaluation for a New Century: A Global Perspective. 1–5 November, 1995, Vancouver, Canada. Sponsored by the Canadian Evaluation Association and the American Evaluation Association. 相似文献
7.
Setargew Kenaw 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2010,41(2):315-332
The paper shows how Karl Popper’s critique of ‘historicism’ is permeated by psychoanalytic discourse regardless of his critique
that psychoanalysis is one of the exemplars of pseudoscience. Early on, when he was formulating his philosophy of science,
Popper had an apparently stringent criterion, viz. falsifiablity, and painstaking analysis. The central argument of this paper is that despite his
representation of psychoanalysis as the principal illustration of the category he dubs as ‘pseudoscience’, Popper’s analysis
has been infused with psychoanalysis when it comes to his social and political philosophy. Besides, not only was his interpretation
of the proponents of ‘historicism’ and the ‘closed’ society mediated by the very concepts of a field which he indicted as
pseudoscientific but also he frequently slipped into vacuous and unverifiable accusations forgetting the jurisdiction he formerly
accorded to empirical adequacy and logical consistency when examining and assessing theories. 相似文献
8.
Donald Capps 《Journal of religion and health》2011,50(2):313-320
When asked in a questionnaire to describe a spiritual person, William James named one instead: Phillips Brooks. This article
focuses on Brooks—his life, his sermons, and his poem “O Little Town of Bethlehem”—to make the case that he exemplified James’
view of spirituality as “a susceptibility to ideals, but with a certain freedom to indulge in imagination about them.” It
also supports Belzen’s (Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 12:205–222, 2009) view that there is no spirituality in general but only individual manifestations of it, a point that James’ nomination of
Brooks implicitly supports. 相似文献
9.
Donald Capps 《Journal of religion and health》2008,47(4):560-576
In four earlier articles, I focused on the theme of the relationship of melancholia and the mother, and suggested that the
melancholic self may experience humor (Capps, 2007a), play (Capps, 2008a), dreams (Capps, 2007c), and art (Capps, 2008b) as restorative resources. I argued that Erik H. Erikson found these resources to be valuable remedies for his own melancholic
condition, which had its origins in the fact that he was illegitimate and was raised solely by his mother until he was three years
old, when she remarried. In this article, I focus on two themes in Freud’s Leonardo da Vinci and a memory of his childhood (1964): Leonardo’s relationship with his mother in early childhood and his inhibitions as an artist. I relate these two themes
to Erikson’s own early childhood and his failure to achieve his goal as an aspiring artist in his early twenties. The article
concludes with a discussion of Erikson’s frustrated aspirations to become an artist and his emphasis, in his psychoanalytic
work, on children’s play.
Donald Capps is Professor of Pastoral Psychology at Princeton Theological Seminary. His books include Men, Religion, and
Melancholia (1997), Freud and Freudians on Religion (2001), and Men and Their Religion: Honor, Hope, and Humor 相似文献
10.
Geoffrey Loftus, Editor ofMemory & Cognition from 1994 to 1997, strongly encouraged presentation of figures with error bars and avoidance of null hypothesis significance
testing (NHST). The authors examined 696Memory & Cognition articles published before, during, and after the Loftus editorship. Use of figures with bars increased to 47% under Loftus’s
editorship and then declined. Bars were rarely used for interpretation, and NHST remained almost universal. Analysis of 309
articles in other psychology journals confirmed that Loftus’s influence was most evident in the articles he accepted for publication,
but was otherwise limited. An e-mail survey of authors of papers accepted by Loftus revealed some support for his policy,
but allegiance to traditional practices as well. Reform of psychologists’ statistical practices would require more than editorial
encouragement. 相似文献
11.
Jean-Luc Nancy 《Continental Philosophy Review》2008,41(1):1-15
In Being and Time, Heidegger affirms that being-with or Mitsein is an essential constitution of Dasein but he does not submit this existential to the same rigorous analyses as other existentials.
In this essay, Jean-Luc Nancy points to the different places where Heidegger erased the possibility of thinking an essential
with that he himself opened. This erasure is due, according to Nancy, to the subordination of Mitsein to a thinking of the proper and the improper. The polarization of Being-with between an improper face, the Anyone, and a proper one, the people, which is also, as Nancy shows, a polarization between everydayness and historicity, between a being-together in exteriority
(indifference and anonymity) and a being-together in interiority (union through destiny), between a solitary dying and the
sacrificial death in combat, leaves the essential with unthought. This essay shows not only the tensions that arise out of Heidegger’s own analyses of Mitsein and affect the whole
of Being and Time but also underlines in the end a “shortfall in thinking” inherent not only to Heidegger’s work but, as Nancy claims, to our
Western tradition, a shortfall which Nancy has attempted to remedy in his Being Singular Plural.
A slightly different version has been published under the title “L’être-avec de l’être-là” in Lieu-Dit 19 “Communauté” (Spring 2003). All additions in square brackets are the translators’ unless otherwise indicated. The German
words in parentheses are Nancy’s additions. For the translation of citations from Being and Time, we have used the Macquarrie & Robinson’s translation which we have modified only when constrained by Nancy himself. Overall,
we have tried to be faithful to the Heideggerian tone of Nancy’s text by using the accepted English translation of the central
concepts of Being and Time. When we depart from the accepted translations, it is to remain true to Nancy’s paraphrases, emphases, and displacements.
For example, we refrain from using “authentic” and “inauthentic.”
Translated by Marie-Eve Morin
Department of Philosophy, 4-97 Humanities Centre, University of Alberta,
Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E5
e-mail: mmorin1@ualberta.ca
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12.
Alexei Angelides 《Erkenntnis》2012,76(2):147-169
In sections 18 and 73 of Carnap’s Logical Syntax of Language, Carnap famously presents what he understands to be decisive objections to Wittgenstein’s Tractarian distinction between
saying and showing. However, Carnap has been criticized in recent literature for severely misinterpreting that distinction.
Against this criticism it is argued that Carnap reads that distinction as applying to two distinct classes of expressions
(Unsinn and sinnlos) that he holds to emerge from his reading of Tractatus 4.1212 and related Tractarian theses. It is then argued that Carnap’s counterexamples to Wittgenstein’s theses are successful
given his reading, and that our analysis of his counterexamples puts us in a unique position to reevaluate his conventionalism. 相似文献
13.
Cheryl A. Logan 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2005,40(4):169-181
The breeding of albino rats had an enormous impact on experimental psychology in the twentieth century: Rats were, and for
many questions still remain, the “standard animal” for laboratory research in neurology, psychology, and physiology. Albert
Meyer was one of the figures most responsible for developing the albino rat as an experimental model. Despite Meyer’s pioneering
work with albino rats, his rat research has received only sparse attention. Little is known about the way in which the animal
served Meyer’s more famous psychiatric program. In this article, the author discusses the role that albino rats played in
Meyer’s animal research. He then turn to the contrast between the way in which Meyer viewed the animal’s role in research
and the way rats were later used as a laboratory “standard” to assure scientific generality. This comparison highlights the
changes that occurred in comparative psychology in the twentieth century, and it further clarifies some of the concerns associated
with the use of animal models today.
Reprinted from Jaan Valsiner (ed.).Thinking in Psychological Science: Ideas and Their Makers. Transaction Publishers.
Previously published inFrom Past to Future, Vol. 4(1),Animal models in human psychology: The uses of comparative methodologies, pp. 23–36. @ 2003 Frances L. Hiatt School of Psychology, Clark University. Author: Cheryl A. Logan, Ph.D., Departments of
Psychology and Biology, P. O. Box 26170, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greansboro, NC.
The author is graterful for permission to quote from the Adolf Meyer papers, which was granted by The Alan M. Chesney Medical
Archives at The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. 相似文献
14.
Research and Development (R&D) evaluation within agriculture is becoming increasingly important as a planning tool in the
research management process in eastern, central, and southern Africa. Evaluation of agricultural research in the region is
performed at various levels for different purposes. This article traces the evolution of R&D activities, and looks at the
current status of the agricultural research evaluation and the capacity to undertake such evaluations as a part of research
management-both at the national and regional levels. It critically examines the experiences of the region in evaluating agricultural
research and the efforts made to promote such activities, summarizing the lessons learned. Finally, the article analyzes the
critical constraints impeding the successful adoption of the agricultural research evaluation process and offers suggestions,
which could alleviate these constraints.
From 1993 to 1997, he was an advisor on impact evaluation and policy analysis to the Southern Africa Center for Cooperation
in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training (SACCAR), in Botswana. Graduated in agricultural economics from
the University of Guelph, Canada, he started his professional career in Africa, at the University of Dar-es-Salaam in 1979.
From 1982 to 1991, he worked for CIMMYT, and was then a senior economist at the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource
Economics in Canberra. He has worked and published in a range of subjects, including agricultural policy and development,
agricultural marketing, production economics, farming systems research, capacity building, and impact assessment. Anandajayasekeram
is the current president of the Association for Farming Systems Research and Extension and the Southern African Association
for Farming Systems Research and Extension.
Dr. David R. Martella has, since 1991, been Regional Agricultural Advisor at the United State Agency for International Development,
Regional Economic Development Support Office for East and Southern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. He previously worked as an agricultural
economist and advisor for USAID in Mozambique. Martella has fifteen years of experience in farming and related enterprises
as owneroperator in California, in Mexico, and in Swaziland. He also has sixteen years of research and program management
experience in Africa. His areas of specialization include economic theory, econometrics and quantitative methods, and experimental
design. Martella has a graduate degree in agricultural economics from Purdue University. 相似文献
15.
The distinct definition of stress postulated by Buddhist and Western cultures is the foundation for their different coping
styles, traditions, and practices. Dukkha, derived from Buddha’s Four Noble Truths, appears on the surface similar to psychological stress. Further examination of
the Eastern cosmology yields a fundamental disagreement between Western psychological theory and Buddhists’ conception of
suffering and stress related to incorporating reality into the formulation. Cross-cultural research on traditional approaches
to coping with occupational stress found that problem solving was the most effective strategy, however in Thailand meditation
helped nurses cope with a variety of stressors such as dealing with death and dying.
Paul Tyson Ph.D is a professor of psychology and teaches perception, Western and Eastern consciousness at Brock University,
St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1. His research publications have ranged from lucid dreams to memory enhancement after
drinking alcohol, but his primary focus has been on EEG biofeedback, stress management, and current cross-cultural publications
are on how Buddhists cope with stress. Correspond with Paul Tyson via e-mail at tyson@brocku.ca
Rana Pongruengphant R.N., Ph.D. is an associate professor in the Faculty of Nursing and Vice-President for Academic Affairs
at Burapha University, Bangsaen, Chonburi, Thailand 20131. She teaches nursing administration, nursing research and computers
for research. Her publications ranged from nursing administration, nursing practice, nursing education, and cross-cultural
studies of coping with occupational stress.Correspond with Rana Pongruengphant via e-mail at rena@bucc.ac.th 相似文献
16.
Sonia Waters 《Pastoral Psychology》2011,60(3):409-420
The depiction of larger unconscious symbols, such as popular Gospel themes, can become particularized through the individual
experience of the artist. They can express sublimated desires or displaced wishes, disguised like dream-elements in a work
of art. Classical Freudian theory explores the process of sublimation and dream-work as two sides of the psychoanalytic interpretation
of art. Titian’s Noli Me Tangere represents his efforts to sublimate his sexual and aggressive drives through this Gospel theme. It also suggests his Oedipal
feelings of love and competition for his mentor Giorgione, as he anxiously maneuvered to take his mentor’s place. The death
of his mentor and his own anxiety are worked out in his art, exemplified by his appropriation of Giorgione’s style and the
repetition of Giorgione’s landscapes in Titian’s early work. As Titian reworked and radically changed this painting, he expressed
his own ambivalence through this most ambivalent of Gospel scenes. 相似文献
17.
S. Montgomery Ewegen 《Continental Philosophy Review》2010,43(4):509-523
By way of an interaction with Kierkegaard’s Point of View, this paper attempts to show the extent to which Kierkegaard’s Repetition was a poetic repetition of his own life. By comparing several of his published texts with journal entries and letters to
friends, this paper traces the extent and degree of Kierkegaard’s poetic reflection and corresponding lack of existential
immediacy. At its most extreme, this paper argues that Kierkegaard did not really exist in the typical sense of the term;
or, more precisely, that he only existed as a poetic repetition, an apotheosized ideal. Kierkegaard lived only insofar as
he wrote himself into poetry. 相似文献
18.
19.
Matthew I. Burch 《International Journal for Philosophy of Religion》2010,67(3):157-171
In this paper I challenge Merold Westphal’s claim that Jean-Luc Marion’s hermeneutical phenomenology is especially useful
for theology. I argue that in spite of his explicit allegiance to Husserl’s “principle of all principles,” Marion fails to
embody a commitment to phenomenological seeing in his analyses of revelation. In the sections of Being Given where he discusses revelation, Marion allows faith-based claims to bleed into his phenomenological analyses, resulting in
what I call his ‘blurred vision’—the pretension that phenomenological seeing can be extended to theological matters. This
pretension undermines Marion’s phenomenological aspirations, because it invests his analyses with a theological content that
phenomenological intuition cannot account for or clarify. At the same time, this blurring of the line between theology and
phenomenology also makes Marion’s work theologically ineffective. For it furnishes the theologian and believer with the false
assurance that faith-based commitments can be grounded in phenomenological knowledge—a claim that he simply cannot make good
on. In light of these problems, I propose an alternative Heideggerian approach that maintains the boundary between philosophical
and theological discourse and thereby safeguards the integrity of both. 相似文献