员工绿色行为的影响因素及其理论解释

员工绿色行为决定了组织环保成效, 是促进组织可持续发展的关键。员工绿色行为是指员工实施的一系列旨在减少对环境造成负面影响、有助于环境可持续的行为。首先, 介绍了员工绿色行为的概念、结构; 其次, 基于自我决定理论、情感事件理论、计划行为理论、社会认知理论和社会学习理论解释了员工绿色行为影响因素; 最后, 提出未来研究可以从概念界定、研究层次、研究视角(均衡视角、动态视角)三大方面做进一步拓展。     

员工网络建构行为的概念内涵及作用机制

网络建构行为(networking behavior,也被译作“结网行为”)是指员工为实现职业目标开展的联系构建、维持与使用行为。与聚焦结构特征的传统社会网络研究不同,网络建构行为研究强调个体能动性,认为员工可以通过主动开展网络建构行为提高工作绩效、促进职业发展。在系统回顾以往研究的基础上,首先提炼出员工网络建构行为的概念内涵;其次,结合资源、情感、网络与交换等视角,梳理员工网络建构行为的影响结果及作用机制;最后,围绕深化并整合不同理论视角、扎根社交工作平台研究新场景、应用非结构性数据和仿真算法等方向提出未来研究建议,推进员工网络建构行为研究的持续深化,增进管理实践对员工网络建构行为的理解。     

员工健康状况对亲组织行为的影响机制研究:社会认同视角

本文基于社会认同理论和医学内容,探讨员工躯体和心理健康状况对亲组织行为的影响及其内在机制和边界条件。通过实验和调查、PROCESS回归数据分析等方法发现:员工健康状况通过组织承诺对其亲组织行为产生影响,在强调身份识别的情况下,当员工的躯体和心理健康状况处于良好状态时情感承诺和规范承诺较高、继续承诺较低,员工作为该组织成员的责任感和自豪感增强,主动性更强,促进亲组织行为;当其躯体和心理健康欠佳时,主动性减弱亲组织行为减少。因此,组织承诺在员工健康状况与亲组织行为间具有部分中介效应,且身份识别有效调节健康状况通过组织承诺对亲组织行为的影响。本文最后对研究结果的理论贡献和管理启示进行探讨,提出研究的局限性与未来研究方向。     

高绩效工作系统负面影响的潜在机制

高绩效工作系统是一系列以提升组织绩效为目标的人力资源管理实践的集合或捆绑。已有研究发现高绩效工作系统也可能对员工产生负面影响。针对此问题, 本文首先澄清了高绩效工作系统的概念, 从管理理念分析其可能产生负面影响的原因。厘清了高绩效工作系统对组织和员工带来的不同效果, 从多元论的视角分析其负面影响的来源。基于工作要求−资源模型、自我决定理论、归因理论和过犹不及效应, 阐释高绩效工作系统对员工负面影响的内在机制。并进一步从个人和组织层面分析高绩效工作系统产生负面影响的边界条件。最后, 提出未来的研究方向和建议。     

横向交往还是纵向交往?——工具性交往对社会资本的影响

本文提出了组织内员工社会资本的构建过程,探究了员工工具性交往的风格,并检验了横向交往和纵向交往两种工具性交往对员工社会资本的影响。研究1通过对20位管理者和员工的访谈分析,阐述了横向交往和纵向交往两种工具性交往风格,初步构建了社会资本构建过程的理论框架,研究2基于对12个部门整体网络数据的回归分析,进一步验证了两种工具性交往对网络中心性的影响。回归分析显示,横向交往对员工的网络中心性具有正向的作用;横向交往调节了纵向交往对网络中心性的倒U型影响。即,当员工表现出横向交往以及适度的纵向交往时,员工的网络中心性最高。本研究有助于深入理解企业中的员工社会资本形成机制,并对如何构建和谐有效的员工关系具有较强的实践启示。     

员工强制性组织公民行为的多层次形成机制

组织公民行为一直被视为员工“心甘情愿”而为之, 然而随着被加班、被捐款等“被”现象的不断出现, 越来越多的研究证实强制性组织公民行为(即被迫无奈的组织公民行为)在组织中同样普遍存在, 而且会导致劳资关系紧张, 威胁企业内部和谐等, 但相关研究较为匮乏。本研究以员工的强制性组织公民行为为研究对象, 聚焦于对其形成机制的研究。具体地, 使用特质激活、强制说服和自我决定等理论, 分别从指向员工个体、领导和组织三个层次的影响因素揭示员工强制性组织公民行为的形成机制, 建立员工强制性组织公民行为多层次形成机制的概念模型。研究结果实践上有利于本土企业构建和谐的劳资关系并实施更加人性化的管理, 理论上有望为组织公民行为领域贡献新的知识, 在一定程度上推动组织公民行为理论在中国的研究与应用。     

中国情境下职业使命感的内涵结构、前因变量及激发机制

在企业数字化转型以及人们对深层次工作意义追寻愈发强烈的双重影响下,准确把握员工职业使命感是提升组织绩效、完善人力资源管理措施的重要前提。现有职业使命感研究忽略了中国情境,对职业使命感动态变化的因素以及激发机制的研究非常缺乏。本研究围绕上述关键科学问题,从以下三个方面丰富和拓展职业使命感的理论研究:第一,基于中国文化的集体主义自我实现识别职业使命感的核心构成要素,并开发出本土化员工职业使命感量表;第二,基于自我决定理论,采用纵向研究设计揭示职业使命感动态变化的消极影响因素及内在机制;第三,从微观管理实践出发,采用日志干预考察社会影响和社会价值干预对员工职业使命感的激发机制。理论上,研究成果丰富了职业使命感概念内涵的理论视角,推进了职业使命感发展机制的研究;实践上,为我国各类组织保护和提升员工职业使命感提供了理论支持和决策参考。     

组织支持研究进展综述

本文介绍了组织支持理论的诞生背景以及理论内容。文章还对与该理论相关的一些概念进行了介绍和总结。其中,组织支持感受和组织承诺是理论的核心概念,并且与管理工作、员工工作绩效有着十分密切的联系。此外,本着将理论应用于实践的目的,文章还联系实践工作中高校教师工作绩效等问题对理论进行了更全方位的应用分析。最后,文章在归纳国内相关研究进展的基础上,对组织支持理论未来的研究方向提出了建议。     

服务业员工个人-组织匹配对组织公民行为的影响：有调节的中介模型

根据社会交换理论和人与情境互动理论,研究探讨了个人-组织匹配对员工组织公民行为的影响机制。通过对12家餐饮连锁店225位员工进行的问卷调查,结果表明：个人-组织匹配正向预测组织公民行为,员工工作敬业度在两者关系中起中介作用;此外,分别作为情境因素和个体因素的主管支持、员工主动性人格对个人-组织匹配与组织公民行为之间的关系具有调节作用。主管支持的程度越高,个人-组织匹配与组织公民行为的正向关系更强;而对于高主动性人格的员工,个人-组织匹配与组织公民行为之间的正向关系反而更弱。     

领导者信任理论述评

该文整合了过去三十年来,西方关于领导者信任的理论研究之后发现,领导者所表现出的可信行为,在员工归因的作用下,可以对组织绩效、员工工作态度、目的等产生极其重要的影响。作者在对以往研究作出总结的基础上,对西方研究存在的问题以及未来研究的发展方向提出了建议。     

Yielding to (cyber)-temptation: Exploring the buffering role of self-control in the relationship between organizational justice and cyberloafing behavior in the workplace

Guided by the Strength Model of Self-control (Muraven & Baumeister, 2000) and the General Theory of Crime (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990), we examined the role of self-control in buffering the negative relationship between perceived organizational justice and cyberloafing behavior. Two hundred thirty-eight employee and co-worker dyads participated in the study. Organizational justice negatively predicted cyberloafing behavior, though this relationship had ceased to be statistically significant after controlling for gender, age, and hours of internet use for work-related activities. In addition, self-control moderated this relationship. Specifically, there was a stronger negative relationship between perceived organizational justice and cyberloafing for employees with high as opposed to low levels of self-control.     

Relationship between organizational justice and cyberloafing in the workplace: has "anomia" a say in the matter?

Anomia describes the individual's lack of integration in social life. This study examines the moderating role of work anomia (WA) in the relationship between employees' perceptions of organizational justice (OJ) and workplace Internet misuse (or cyberloafing). The model suggests that WA interacts with that link by tightening their theoretic negative association. Data were collected from 270 (17.46%) of the 1,547 teachers of a Spanish university by Internet e-mail. Multiple hierarchical regression results support that WA acts as a moderator of the OJ-cyberloafing link because the perceptions of three types of OJ (distributive, procedural, and interactional) among employees with low, as compared to high anomia, have a stronger negative relationship with cyberloafing. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the OJ-cyberloafing link, and favor the control of cyberloafing through WA.     

Lost sleep and cyberloafing: Evidence from the laboratory and a daylight saving time quasi-experiment

The Internet is a powerful tool that has changed the way people work. However, the ubiquity of the Internet has led to a new workplace threat to productivity-cyberloafing. Building on the ego depletion model of self-regulation, we examine how lost and low-quality sleep influence employee cyberloafing behaviors and how individual differences in conscientiousness moderate these effects. We also demonstrate that the shift to Daylight Saving Time (DST) results in a dramatic increase in cyberloafing behavior at the national level. We first tested the DST-cyberloafing relation through a national quasi-experiment, then directly tested the relation between sleep and cyberloafing in a closely controlled laboratory setting. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory, practice, and future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).     

Dissecting Organizational Commitment and Its Relationship with Employee Behavior

In theory, organizational commitment should have a moderately strong relationship with employee performance, but empirical studies have generally found only a weak relationship. We present a new model of the organizational commitment process in which different components of organizational commitment have different relationships with employee behaviors. We argue that the empirical relationship between organizational commitment and performance is weak for two reasons: First, one component of organizational commitment, the desire to remain a member of the organization, often has a weak, uncertain relationship with performance. Second, organizational commitment does not include perceived rewards for high performance, a variable that is a significant determinant of performance. The results, based on a sample of 246 men and women from diverse industries and occupations, were consistent with these explanations.     

(Re)Applying social psychology to organizational work,well‐being,and leadership

Research on organizational behavior is fundamentally an application of social psychology theory and phenomena. While much of organizational psychology is inherently grounded in social psychological research, these two disciplines are largely disconnected from one another. More visibility of the commonalities may encourage discussion, collaboration, and integration between these two fields—an integration that will only benefit each discipline. The present article briefly reviews the historic overlap between these disciplines, the resulting divide between them, and then discusses recent developments demonstrating the potential power of reconnecting social psychology with organizational‐relevant research. We then examine how the six empirical articles in this Special Issue benefit from applying social psychological theory to organizational research. We will conclude by identifying potential areas ripe for future research.     

团队心智模式的实证研究

学习型组织是当前组织变革的主流方向之一．有关如何创建学习型组织的讨论无论在理论或实践领域都颇受关注。本文从团队心智模式人手,考察了心智模式的分享性指标在5个取样组织之间的差异性,结合质的分析,进一步阐述团队心智模式的分享性指标和组织绩效的潜在关系。同时,本文也考察了团队心智模式和工作态度变量之间的关系。最后,研究认为培育团队心智模式是创建学习型组织的可行策略。     

Flow at Work: Evidence for an Upward Spiral of Personal and Organizational Resources*

The present 2-wave study among 258 secondary school teachers investigates the relationship between personal and organizational resources on the one hand, and work-related flow on the other hand. On the basis of Hobfoll’s (1988) conservation of resources theory, Bandura’ social cognitive theory (1997; 2001), and Fredrickson’s (1998) “broaden-and-build” theory of positive emotions, we formulated two hypotheses: (1) personal resources (i.e., self-efficacy beliefs) and organizational resources (including social support climate and clear goals) facilitate work-related flow (work absorption, work enjoyment, and intrinsic work motivation); and (2) work-related flow has a positive influence on personal and organizational resources. The results of a series of structural equation modeling analyses offer clear support for both hypotheses. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. *This research was supported by a grant from the Bancaixa Foundation (#11232.01/1) and the Spanish Ministry of Science & Technology (CICYT #SEC2000-1031).     

When Core Self-Evaluation Leads to Career Adaptability: Effects of Ethical Leadership and Implications for Citizenship Behavior

Drawing upon the career construction theory and the trait activation theory, the present study first aims to uncover the interactive effect of core self-evaluation (CSE) and ethical leadership on career adaptability. In addition, the authors examined how career adaptability mediates the interaction effect of CSE and ethical leadership on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Two-wave data from 156 employees were collected in a manufacturing company over a one-month interval. Results showed that ethical leadership moderated the relationship between CSE and career adaptability. Specifically, the positive relationship between CSE and career adaptability was stronger when ethical leadership was low. Moreover, career adaptability mediated the relationship between CSE and OCB, and ethical leadership moderated this indirect relationship. We discuss implications for career adaptation and organizational effectiveness.     

互联网企业玩兴氛围对创新行为的跨层次作用机制

互联网企业通过营造快乐愉悦的玩兴氛围, 推动员工持续创新, 以期组织目标的实现。然而, 现有玩兴氛围与员工创新行为关系的研究以理论分析为主, 缺乏实证研究, 进展相对缓慢。在回顾组织管理领域玩兴研究成果的基础上, 开展三个方面的研究：研究一基于组织氛围理论和玩兴活动特征, 开发中国情境下互联网企业的团队玩兴氛围量表。研究二立足于团队层次, 依据资源保存理论重点探讨了玩兴氛围对员工创新行为的跨层次作用机制。研究三从创造力成分模型出发, 引入个体思维方式和多重认同, 探讨激发员工创新行为的边界条件。研究结果发展了中国互联网企业团队玩兴氛围的概念, 促进了玩兴氛围理论的发展, 为互联网类企业营造玩兴氛围以激发创新行为提供理论支持和实践启示。     

Structure and ideology of shelters for battered women

Recent literature concerning battered women's shelters includes untested suggestions that shelters can be categorized by their ideological differences and that their ideologies predict their organizational structures. However, widely accepted principles of organizational theory predict that older shelters would have a different structure than newer shelters. Some of the presumed consequences of organizational age conflict with the structural characteristics presumably demanded by certain shelter ideologies. In the present study both ideology and organizational age were studied as predictors of shelter organization's structure. A nationwide survey of 111 shelters provided the data. Feminist versus other ideologies were associated with a distinctive pattern of priorities for the shelters. However, organizational age was found to be more important than ideology in predicting structural variables.