Democratic presumptions

At the Leading Edge: New Visions of Science, Spirituality, and Society. Michael Toms, 4936 State Route 414, Burdett, New York: Larson Publications, 1991. Softcover, 386 pp. U.S. $14.95.

A Dream Deferred: America's Discontent and the Search for a New Democratic Ideal, Philip Slater, Beacon, Boston, $19.95, 1991, ISBN 0–8070–4304–4

The American Replacement of Nature, William Irwin Thompson, Doubleday, New York, $20, 1991, ISBN 0,385–42025–0

Reimagination of the World, A Critique of the New Age, Science, and Popular Culture, David Spangler and William Irwin Thompson, Bear and Company, Santa Fe, New Mexico, $12.95, 1991, ISBN 0–939680–92–0

The New Evolutionary Paradigm, Ervin Laszlo, (Ed.), Gordon &; Breach, New York, $60 (libraries) $36 (individuals), 1991, ISBN 2–88124–375–4

The Evolutionary Approach for Social Scientists, Ignazio Masulli, Gordon &; Breach, New York, $50 (libraries) $30 (individuals), 1991, ISBN 2–88124–376–2

The Fifth Discipline. The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, Peter M. Senge, Doubleday, New York, $19.95, 1990, ISBN 0–385–26094–6

Symbiosis as a Source of Evolutionary Innovation: Speciation and Innovation, Lynn Margulis and Rene Fester (Eds.), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, $37.50, 454, Includes Index

One Earth, One Future: Our Changing Global Environment, Cheryl Simon Silver (with Ruth S. Defries for the National Academy of Sciences), National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., $14.95, 196, Includes Index

Toward a Transpersonal Ecology: Developing New Foundations for Environmentalism, Warwick Fox, Shambhala, Boston, MA, $16.95, 380, Includes Index

Gaia, A Way of Knowing: Political Implications of the New Biology, William Irwin Thompson (Ed.), The Lindisfarne Press, Great Barrington, MA, $10.95, 216

Gaia 2: Emergence, The New Science of Becoming, William Erwin Thompson, The Lindisfarne Press, Hudson, NY, $14.95, 272

A Replicative Perspective On Evolutionary Dynamics: The Organizing Process of the US Economy Elaborated Through Biological Metaphor, Mika Pantzar, Labour Institute for Economic Research, Helsinki, Finland, 274

Societal Systems: Planning, Policy and Complexity &; A Science of Generic Design: Managing Complexity through Systems Design, Vol I and II, John N. Warfield, Intersystems Publications, Salinas, CA, 1989 and 1990     

A Review of: East,West, North,South: Major Developments in International Relations Since 1945

Synchronicity: Science, Myth, and the Trickster Allan Combs and Mark Holland Paragon House, New York, 1990 pp. 192. US$9.95 ISBN 1–55778–304–7

The Rules Are No Game: The Strategy of Communication Anthony Wilden Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1987. $29.95 ISBN 0–7100–9868–5. Paperback due 1991

Man and Woman, War and Peace: The Strategist's Companion Anthony Wilden Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1987. $25.00 ISBN 0–7100–9867–7. Paperback due 1991.

Mindsets: The Role of Culture and Perception in International Relations Glen Fisher Intercultural Press, Inc. Varmouth, ME, 1988, $16.95, ISBN 0–933662–67 X

Quantum Psychology Robert Anton Wilson New Falcon Publications, Phoenix, Arizona, 1990. $12.95 ISBN 0–941404–01–3     

BOOK REVIEW

The Evolving Mind BEN GOERTZEL, Gordon and Breach, 1993, cloth. ISBN 2–88124–587–0, pp. 260, index

From Power to Partnership: Creating the Future of Love, Work, and Community ALFONSO MONTUORI AND ISABELLA CONTI San Francisco: HarperSanFrisco. 1993, paper. ISBN 0–06–250548–3, $13.00 USD pp. 281 includes index

Applied Chaos Theory: A Paradigm For Complexity A. B. CAMBEL, Academic Press, 1993, cloth; pp. 260, index; 38 USD     

Faith,reason and knowledge

Valueware: Technology, Humanity and Organization Christopher Barnatt Praeger Publishers, Praeger Studies on the 21st Century, Greenwood Publishing Group, Westport, CT. 1998, 228 pp, references, chapter notes and index. Paperback, ISBN: 0–275–967 15–8, $22.95 USD

Looking Down the Road: A Systems Approach to Futures Studies Douglas Raybeck Waveland Press, Inc., Prospect Heights, IL. 2000, 131 pp., appendix, bibliography and index. Paperback, ISBN: 1–57766–116–8, $10.95 USD     

BOOK REVIEW

Transforming Public Policy: Dynamics of Policy Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Nancy C. Roberts and Paula J. King, ISBN 0–7879–0202–0. San Francisco: Jossey‐Bass, 1996. 280 pages, $28.95

Jungian Archetypes: Jung, Goedel, and the History of Archetypes, Robin Robertson, Nicolas‐Hays, York Beach, Maine, 1995

Sociopolitics: Political Development in Postmodern Societies, Paris Arnopoulos, Guernica Editions Inc., Toronto/New York, 1995, paper; pp. 321, index, bibliography; $20.00 Canadian, $18.00 US     

Book reviews

The Jewish Heritage. D. Cohn‐Sherbok. Blackwell, Oxford, 1988,. Hardback £25, paperback £7.95. ISBN 0–631–15414–0 pp.xiv+204

Exploring Reality. D. Cohn‐Sherbok & Michael. Irwin, eds. Allen & Unwin, London, Boston, Sydney, Wellington 1987. 237 pp. Index, Bibliography for each chapter, Further reading. ISBN 0–01–100050–1

At the Origins of Modern Atheism. Michael J. Buckley, SJ. Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1987. 445pp.     

Book reviews

A. A. Long (ed.). Problems in Stoicism. London: The Athlone Press of the University of London, 1971. Pp. 1–257. Indexed. $13.00.

Mario Bunge. Foundations of Physics. Springer Tracts in Natural Philosophy. Volume 10. New York: Springer‐Verlag New York, Inc., 1967. Pp. xii, 311. Indexed. $17.00.

E. D. Klemke (ed.). Essays on Bertrand Russell. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971. Pp. xi, 458. Indexed. $3.95 (paper).

E. M. Curley. Spinoza's Metaphysics: An Essay in Interpretation Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1969. Pp xv, 174. Indexed. $8.00

Joel J. Kupperman. Ethical Knowledge. New York: Humanities Press, 1971. Pp 1–156. Indexed. $8.50.

Wesley C. Salmon (ed.). Zeno's Paradoxes. Indianapolis, Indiana: Bobbs‐Merrill, 1970. Pp x, 309. Indexed. $3.95 (paper).

Leo Elders. Aristotle's Theology; A Commentary on Book A of the Metaphysics. Van Gorcum (distributed in U.S.A. by Humanities Press, New York), 1972. Pp 1–309. Indexed. $18.50.

Ernest Nagel, Sylvain Bromberger, and Adolf Grunbaum. Observation and Theory in Science. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins Press, 1971. Pp 1–134. Indexed. $6.95.     

Developmental trajectories of multisite musculoskeletal pain and depressive symptoms: The effects of job demands and resources and individual factors

Objective: To investigate developmental paths in multisite musculoskeletal pain (MPS) and depressive symptoms (DPS) and the effects of job demands (JD), job resources (JR), optimism and health-related lifestyle on these paths. We expected to find four trajectories – Low Symptoms, High Pain, High Depression and High Symptoms – and hypothesised that high JDs, low JRs, low optimism and adverse lifestyle predict belonging to trajectories with high symptom levels.

Design: Data on Finnish firefighters (N = 360) were collected in 1996, 1999 and 2009. The effects of JDs (mental and physical workload), JRs (supervisory relations, interpersonal relations, task resources), optimism and lifestyle (alcohol consumption, smoking, physical exercise, sleeping) on MPS and DPS were assessed. Latent class growth modelling and multinomial logistic regression were applied.

Results: Three trajectories emerged: Low Symptoms; High Pain; and High Depression. In a multivariable model, high mental workload (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.5–5.5), poor interpersonal relations (2.6, 1.4–5.0), sleeping problems (2.7, 1.4–5.2) and low optimism (2.0, 1.0–3.7) predicted belonging to High Depression. Alcohol consumption (2.4, 1.4–4.1) and sleeping problems (2.1, 1.3–3.6) were related to High Pain.

Conclusions: Different developmental paths in MPS and DPS are possible. Partly different factors predict the development of pain and depressive symptoms.     

Book reviews

Paul Ricoeur. Freud and Philosophy: An Essay On Interpretation (trans. Denis Savage). New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970. Pp. 1–551. Indexed. $15.00.

Keith Campbell. Body and Mind. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970. Pp. vi, 150. Indexed. $1.45 (paper).

D. J. O'Connor. Free Will. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday Anchor Books, 1971. Pp. 1–150. Indexed. $1.45.

Dwight van de Vate, Jr. (ed.). Persons, Privacy, and Feeling: Essays in the Philosophy of Mind. Memphis: Memphis State University Press, 1970. Pp. vii, 140. Indexed. $5.00.     

Does psychosocial stress exacerbate avoidant responses to cancer information in those who are afraid of cancer? A population-based survey among older adults in England

Objective: Communication of cancer information is an important element of cancer control, but cancer fear may lead to information avoidance, especially when coping is low. We examined the association between cancer fear and cancer information avoidance, and tested whether this was exacerbated by psychosocial stress.

Design: Cross-sectional survey of 1258 population-based adults (58–70 years) in England.

Main outcome measures: Cancer fear (intensity and frequency), perceived psychosocial stress and cancer information avoidance. Control variables were age, gender, ethnicity, marital status and education.

Results: A quarter (24%) of respondents avoided cancer information. Ordinal logistic regression analyses showed main effects of psychosocial stress (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.29) and cancer fear: cancer information avoidance was lowest in those with no cancer fear (13%), followed by those with moderate (24%; OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.49–3.12), and high cancer fear (35%; OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 2.65–5.73). In the adjusted model, the interaction between cancer fear and stress was significant (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.004–1.29, p < .05): 40% of those with high fear/high stress avoided cancer information compared with 29% with high fear/low stress.

Conclusion: Cancer fear and psychosocial stress interact to produce disengagement with cancer-related information, highlighting the importance of affective processes to cancer control efforts.     

Social cognitions measured in 4 to 6 year olds are predictive of objectively measured physical activity

Objective: This study tested whether social cognitions from the reasoned action approach (RAA) can be reliably measured in a sample of primary school children (aged 4–6 years) and whether these RAA measures are predictive of physical activity.

Design: Longitudinal observational study with repeated measures over six months.

Measures: RAA variables were measured using a novel choice paradigm between physically active and sedentary pastimes. Relative reinforcing value, covariates (sex, age, deprivation and BMI) and physical activity by accelerometry (primary outcome) were also measured.

Results: RAA cognitions could be measured with acceptable retest reliability and discriminant validity and social norms regarding parents and teachers (but not friends) were correlated with physical activity and change in physical activity when relative reinforcing value and other covariates were controlled for.

Conclusions: RAA cognitions can be reliably measured in primary school children aged 4–6 and RRA measures appear useful in understanding children’s activity choices and may potentially inform future interventions.     

Early responses to Hume

Frankreich und Niederlande. Herausgegeben von Jean‐Pierre Schobinger. Basel: Schwabe, 1993. Grundriss der Geschichte der Philosophie, begründet von Friedrich Ueberweg, völlig neubearbeitete Ausgabe. Die Philosophie des 17. Jahrhunderts, Band 2. 2 vols (with continuous pagination), xxxiii, 1144 pp. ISBN 3–7965–0934–7. Price: 230 Swiss francs. Enclosed separately: Gesamtvorwort, xx pp.     

Recent books

Abstract

B15: Buck, R. (1988). Human motivation and emotion (2nd edn). New York: John Wiley &; Sons. ISBN 0–471–89705–1, 586+94pp, £33.25/$51.55; £13.95/$23.95

B16: Wagner, H. L. (Ed.) (1988). Social psychophysiology and emotion: Theory and clinical applications. Chichester and New York: John Wiley &; Sons. ISBN 0–471–91266–2, 311pp, £36.50/$77.50

B17: Greenberg, L. S. &; Safran, J. D. (1987). Emotion in psychotherapy. New York, Guilford Press. ISBN 0–89862–010–4, 338 pp, $43.20/£24.95     

Critical Notices

Possessed by Concepts

A Study of Concepts By Christopher Peacocke MIT Press, 1992. Pp. x + 266. ISBN 0–262–161338. £24.95.

Morality, ethics and ‘postmetaphysical thinking: new books by Jürgen Habermas

The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. An Enquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society Polity Press, 1992, Pp.300, ISBN 0–7456–1077–3. £35/11.95.

Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action Polity Press, 1992. Pp. 280. ISBN 0–7456–1104–4. £29.50.

Postmetaphysical Thinking. Philosophical Essays Polity Press, 1992. Pp. 200. ISBN 0–7456–0734–9. £29.50.

Justification and Application. Remarks on Discourse Ethics Polity Press, 1993. Pp. 192. ISBN 0–7456–0143–9. £35/11.95.

Shame and Necessity By Bernard Williams University of California Press, 1993. Pp. xii + 254. ISBN 0–520–08046–7. $25.     

The effect of perceived stress and specialization on the relationship between perfectionism and burnout in collegiate athletes

Background: Athletic burnout is common when demands of the sport exceed the rewards. Individuals with certain personality dispositions, such as perfectionism, are at increased risk of experiencing perceived stress and subsequent burnout (Fender, L. K. (1989). Athlete burnout: Potential for research and intervention strategies. The Sport Psychologist, 3, 63–71. doi:10.1123/tsp.3.1.63; Gould, D., Tuffey, S., Udry, E., &; Loehr, J. (1996). Burnout in competitive junior tennis players: I. A quantitative psychological assessment. The Sport Psychologist, 10, 322–340. doi:10.1123/tsp.10.4.322; Stoeber, J. (2011). The dual nature of perfectionism in sports: Relationships with emotion, motivation, and performance. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4, 128–145. doi:10.1080/1750984x.2011.604789). Perfectionism has both adaptive and maladaptive dimensions, with the more maladaptive qualities leading to greater perceived stress (Hamachek, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Psychology, 15, 27–33.; Rice, K. G., &; Van Arsdale, A. C. (2010). Perfectionism, perceived stress, drinking to cope, and alcohol-related problems among college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 57, 439–450. doi:10.1037/a0020221).

Objectives: This study examined the influence of perfectionistic strivings and concerns on burnout, and perceived stress as a mediator of this relationship in Division II and III specialized and multiple-sport athletes (N?=?351).

Design: Cross-Sectional.

Methods: Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and online measures of perfectionism, stress, and burnout during the latter part of the competitive season.

Results: Results showed a positive, direct effect of perfectionistic concerns on burnout. Stress partially mediated this relationship. Additionally, perfectionistic strivings had a negative direct effect on burnout for specialized athletes.

Conclusion: The relationship between perfectionistic concerns and burnout is partially explained by stress. Multiple sport athletes showed lower levels of stress compared to specialized ones. Finally, perfectionistic strivings are associated with lower levels of burnout for specialized athletes.     

Recent books

Abstract

Wyer, R.S., Jr., & Srull, T.K. (Eds.) (1993). Perspectives on anger and emotion: Advances in social cognition (Vol. VI). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. ISBN 0–8058–1326–8 (hbk), 0–8058–1327–6 (pbk), 206 pp. £29.95 (hbk), £13.50 (pbk)

Mathes, E.W. (1993). Jealousy: The psychological data. New York: University Press of America. ISBN 0–8191–8521–3, 204 pp. £32.50

Solomon, R.C. (1994). Above love: Reinventing romance for our times. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0–8226–3027–3, 352 pp. £14.95.     

Books received: Volume 15, Issue 2

Works of William Godwin: Series II, Political and Philosophical Writings. General editor: Mark Philp. Volume editors: Pamela Clemit, Martin Fitzpatrick, Mark Philp. Researcher: Austin Gee. Consulting editor: William St Clair. Seven volumes. William Pickering. London, 1993. £395. ISBN: 1–85196–026–0 set.     

Ethics and Selfhood: A Critique

Connectionism: Debates on Psychological Explanation, Volume Two Edited by Cynthia Macdonald and Graham Macdonald Blackwell, 1995. Pp. xvii + 424. ISBN 0–631–19744–3. £50.00 (hbk). ISBN 0–631–19745–1 £16.99 (pbk).

New books on the philosophy of religion

Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason By J.L. Schellenberg, Cornell University Press, 1993. Pp. 217. ISBN 0–8014–2792–4. $36.50 (hbk).

Reason and the Heart By William J. Wainwright, Cornell University Press, 1995. Pp. 160. ISBN 0–8014–3139–5. $28.50 (hbk).

The Rationality of Belief and the Plurality of Faith Edited by Thomas D. Senor, Cornell University Press, 1995. Pp. 291. ISBN 0–8014–3127–1. $39.95 (hbk).     

The significance of kierkegaard's interpretation of Don Giovanni in relation to Hegel's philosophy of art

Kant's Intuitionism: A Commentary on the Transcendental Aesthetic. Lorne Falkenstein. Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1995. pp. xxiii + 465. £45–50. ISBN 0–8020–2973–6.