营造生态化大学和谐德育环境

我们应当从由人类不合理的经济活动引致生态系统结构和功能严重破坏的全球性生态危机中吸取教训,并依据我国生态文明与和谐社会建设要求,适时加强大学生生态伦理教育;应科学构建生态化的大学和谐德育环境,切实增强大学和谐德育建设的成效;应大力优化和谐德育环境系统的结构和功能,有效培育大学生的生态伦理意识及其道德行为能力.     

关于和谐德育的思考

作为一种德育模式,和谐德育的提出基于这样的思想基础:"人"无论作为个人主体还是类主体,其发展的最高境界是"和谐";人的思想道德素质的提高是渗透德育的智体美劳全方位教育的和谐;德育自身诸要素的和谐是德育效益最大化的前提;德育的最高价值就是实现人的和谐发展."和谐德育"有着重要的现实意义,要求我们从德育的目标、内容、过程、方法和评估等环节入手,探索和谐德育体系的构建.     

德育名词试注

〔德育学〕(学校教育的) 德育学是教育学的一个分支,它是关于对学生进行政治、思想和品德教育工作的知识体系,是研究德育过程的本质及其规律的一门科学。它把学生的思想品德的结构和状况,思想品德、行为习惯的形成、发展和变化的规律,以及实施政冶、思想和品德教育工作的规     

论形象德育的主客感应规律

形象德育的规律是形象德育固有的、本质的、必然的联系,主客感应规律是形象德育的重要规律,形象德育的主客感应规律,主要体现在形象德育主体与客体的互动、认知与建构的统一、体验与熏陶的共生等方面。深入探索形象德育的主客感应规律,有利于深刻认识和正确把握形象德育主观与客观之间的本质的、必然的联系,自觉运用主客感应这一规律推动形象德育的发展,提高当前我国德育的实效。     

交往理性与德育理念的重建

哲学意义上的交往理论,尤其是哈贝马斯的交往理性可以解决当前目的理性泛滥带来的的德育危机。交往德育是在超越灌输德育的基础上,对主体存在、人的存在目标和生存意义提出本质追问并提供某种可能性诠释的德育理论。它是一种扬弃与超越灌输德育而又与灌输德育截然不同的德育理念,是德育发展的必经阶段。     

人性：德育建构的始基

人性是在实践活动中生成的人的自然性、社会性和精神性的统一体,它是德育建构的内在动因.理论上人性观为德育预设了理论的逻辑起点、价值取向和方法论体系,形成了德育范式;历史中人性观的发展预制着德育形态的变迁.人性与德育的相关性在现代社会具体化为“主体”认知发展带来的三次德育范式转变.     

试论隐性德育课程与高校德育课程体系构架

高校传统德育课程设置与学生育德实践表明 ,高校德育课程体系建设是一个需要深入研究的课题。构建高校德育课程体系应纳入隐性课程理念。构建这一新的德育课程体系包括四类内容 :即知识性德育课程、活动性德育课程、隐蔽性德育课程和渗透性德育课程。     

试论高校隐性德育课程设计

高校学生工作即德育工作,虽高等教育质量的生命线,这对于培养新世纪高素质人才具有十分重要的现实意义。高校德育主要是通过德育课程来完成的。高校德育课程由显性德育课程与隐性德育课程两部分构成。实施高校隐性德育课程设计必须深刻理解其内涵及特征,客观确定其价值取向,科学设计其课程内容。     

儒家和佛教德育目标的比较

儒佛的德育目标具有超越性、可能性、实践性的特点.从比较的角度阐释儒家和佛教的德育目标,对于认识中国传统的德育和汲取现代精神文明的思想资源,是有积极意义的.     

浅谈高校德育方法创新的思路

高校德育方法的创新 ,要有明确的思路。本文从德育系统中教育主体 (教育者 )、教育客体 (被教育者 )和教育环体 (教育环境 )三个角度探讨了高校德育方法 (教育介体之一 )创新的思路 :教育主体是高校德育方法创新的活水源头 ;教育客体是高校德育方法创新的着眼点 ;教育环体是高校德育方法创新的现实依据。     

The Red and The Real

It is often claimed that principles of individuation imply essential properties of the things individuated. For example, sets are individuated by their members, hence sets have their members essentially. But how does this inference work? First I discuss the form of such inferences, and conclude that the essentialist inference is not a purely formal matter: although there is a form which all principles of individuation have in common, it is not true that any statement of that form is a principle of individuation, and hence there is no valid inference based purely on that form. However, I argue that there is a viable version of the essentialist inference nonetheless. The resources for a proper reconstruction of this type of inference can be gathered from reflections upon the role principles of individuation play in the project of the ontologist: such principles turn out to carry a modal weight similar to that of definitions or conceptual truths. It follows that, no matter how austere the ontology, some portion of essentialist modality is inevitable.     

The Return Of The Religious

Recents discussions of expansion in the European Union and the possibility of envisioning a Muslim country in it has exacerbated the deep-seated anxiety about Islam among the liberal and extreme right in Europe. This paper suggests that there are recurring elements in the discourse of European cultural identity and one of these elements is the representation of Islam in its alterity to European identity and civilization. Questioning the thesis of a radical break with the Christian past, this paper questions whether the European cultural identity which is being formed today signifies a break with a religious form of identification. The liberal and extreme right opposes Turkish membership on the grounds that the differences between ‘European values’ and ‘European culture and lifestyle’ and Turkey's culture are what makes the latter essentially and fundamentally external to the essence of Europe. Tracing the remnants of Christian discourse in the contemporary fashioning of European identity, this paper discusses how Christianity, with its secularized versions, which are now displaced to culture and lifestyle, still holds a privileged position as a unifying theme in Europe. It suggests that one of the tests that awaits Europe is whether it will be capable of articulating a new but democratic identity for Europe, one that is responsive to the differences of the other or whether it wants to continue to be European by way of its old methods of exclusion.     

医学教育人文精神缺失的弊端及对策

人文精神本是医学学科的根本要旨之一,然而,目前医学教育中普遍存在着人文精神缺失的状况.从医学教育的宗旨、医学模式的转变、医学生的综合素质、医患关系方面剖析了人文精神缺失的弊端并提出了相应对策.     

The Activities of The Scandinavian Societies

Freud's concept of the death instinct has given rise to many different interpretations which have often been contradictory. It is in fact already possible to discern two diametrically opposite meanings of this concept in Freud's work from 1920—Beyond the Pleasure Principle—in which he first introduced the concept of the death instinct. In this paper, it is argued that both these meanings are relevant in describing psychical life, although only one of these meanings actually qualifies for the concept “death instinct”. Beyond the Pleasure Principle was written in order to try to understand some everyday, as well as clinical phenomena which could not be explained by the so-called pleasure principle. Freud postulated something beyond the pleasure principle, which initially seemed to have to do with binding energy. I will preserve this idea and attempt to develop it within the context of a phenomenological analysis of time. The temporalization of the subject involves a very basic affirmation of existence, in that the subject experiences something constant, something that can be said to possess the quality of a gestalt. I propose that that which is beyond the pleasure principle—this binding of energy—should be understood as the opposite of the idea of a primordial death instinct striving towards death. In this case, that which is beyond the pleasure principle reflects an original affirmation of existence, which could be said to correspond to Freud's first meaning of the death instinct. The second meaning—for which the name “death instinct” seems to be applicable—concerns the discharge of energy, which from a temporal point of view shows itself as a tendency to dissolution. The concept of the death instinct in its various meanings is discussed in connection with phenomenological reflections on time, which is a different approach from Freud's attempt to ground the death instinct in biology.     

The neglected bulimic: The nonpurger

For nearly 10 years bulimia has been recognized officially as a distinct eating disorder, and yet in that time only minimal attention has focused on the nonpurging subtype. The present investigation compared 21 DSM-III-R diagnosed nonpurging bulimics with 22 non-eating-disordered controls on three standardized questionnaires and during a unique assessment task. In this procedure subjects imagined that they were the character in a series of slides and audiotaped flooding scenes. The content of the stimuli ranged from food and weight cues to issues hypothesized to play a role in the development or maintenance of bulimia (e.g., rejection or loss of control fears). A MANOVA conducted on the three questionnaires was highly significant, with the Beck Depression Inventory and the Restraint Scale being responsible for the elevated bulimic scores. A repeated-measures ANOVA performed on the self-report ratings during the exposure task also achieved significance, as the bulimics reported higher anxiety reactions than controls to each experimental stimulus. Significant skin conductance reactions were detected when a group of only the most psychophysiologically responsive bulimics and controls were compared. The importance of continued comprehensive evaluations with DSM-III-R nonpurging bulimics was emphasized.This research was supported by grants both from the University of New Mexico's Research Allocation Committee and the Biomedical Research Support Grant committee. Portions of this paper were presented at the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy annual conference, Boston, November 1987.     

The Logic of The Goldhagen Debate

Since Daniel J. Goldhagen's Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaustattempts to show that the Holocaust is explicable and can be understood largely in terms of a single cause, “eliminationist anti-Semitism”, it is not surprising that the book has generated an international debate. What is surprising is the magnitude and emotional intensity of the debate. This article argues that the deepest flaws in it Hitler's Willing Executioners,as well as the chasm of disagreement between Goldhagen's detractors and defenders, have as much to do with reasoning and concepts as with matters of fact. It concludes that Goldhagen's central argument is stronger than many of his critics claim, but that the inadequacy of his cognitive interpretation of anti-Semitism and his unexamined psychological assumptions weaken his attempt to explain the Holocaust. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.