中国人人格形容词评定量表(QZPAS)的信度、效度与常模

本研究的目的是建立中国人人格形容词评定量表(QZPAS)的信度、效度和常模。4000多名被试对由123个形容词组成的QZPAS的评定结果支持了中国人人格的“大七”模型,各因素有着良好的内部一致性和重测信度。自-他评定的相关以及自我总体评定与量表分数间的相关表明QZPAS有良好的效标效度。本研究所提供的常模也为该量表的应用提供了基础。     

《中国大学生人格量表》的编制*

在建立中国人人格大七结构模型以及成熟的人格量表基础上,本研究通过实证研究建立了适用于大学生群体的人格量表。统计结果表明,由68个项目、7个维度构成的中国大学生人格量表(CCSPS)与中国人人格的7因素模型有着良好的拟合,而且信度和效度检验均符合心理测量学要求;此外,在55098名被试上建立了CC-SPS的常模。研究结果表明CCSPS针对中国大学生群体可靠的人格测量工具。     

中国人的人格特点(II):善良

该研究的目的是探讨不同性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况的被试在善良人格维度上的特点。1276名被试在中国人人格量表(QZPS)的善良维度上的分数存在不同程度的性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况差异,其中尤以性别和年龄的影响最大,年龄和职业的交互作用明显,而且婚姻状况会明显影响个体1的重感情倾向。文中还讨论了善良人格维度差异的意义以及将来研究的方向。     

儿童十四种人格因素问卷(CPQ)中国常模的修订

由美国印第安纳州立大学波特(R·porter)同卡特尔(R·B·Cattell)一起编制而成的儿童十四种人格因素问卷是公认比较好的儿童人格测验量表。我们在全国六大区十二个省市抽取了2302名被试,修订了8-11岁儿童(男、女)和12-14岁少年(男、女)的四个常模。同时,进行了效度和信度检验。此量表可作对中小学生进行人格特点的诊断与研究用。     

卡氏十六种人格因素中国常模的修订

卡特尔十六种人格因素问卷是国际公认有效的和可靠的人格测量工具.为此,我们为它修订了中国常模,同时进行了效度和信度的检验。此次从全国六大区十二个省市中,抽取2043名被试,标定了全国成人(男、女)、全国大学生(男、女)、全国中学生(男、女)、全国产业工人、全国专业技术人员和全国干部的九个常模。我们又为这九个常模编制成计算机程序,可作心理诊断或科研之用.     

中国人人格七因素量表(QZPS-SF)的信度与效度

本研究的目的是依据中国人人格量表（QZPS）编制一份能够迅速测查人格七个维度的短式七因素量表（QZPS—SF）。根据6000余名被试对QZPS的215个项目的评定分数,通过因素分析确定了七个因素、与QZPS的七个因素对应构成了QZPS—SF。通过被试的自我评定以及他人评定和特殊群体被试（精神分裂症病人、吸毒者以及罪犯）的人格特点比较,显示了QZPS—SF有着良好的信度和效度。文中还对QZPS—SF的应用范围以及注意事项进行了讨论。     

中国人的人格特点(Ⅱ):善良

该研究的目的是探讨不同性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况的被试在善良人格维度上的特点。1276名被试在中国人人格量表（QZVS）的善良维度上的分数存在不同程度的性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况差异,其中尤以性别和年龄的影响最大,年龄和职业的交互作用明显,而且婚姻状况会明显影响个体1的重感情倾向。文中还讨论了善良人格维度差异的意义以及将来研究的方向。     

中国青少年人格量表(QZPS-Q)的编制

本研究旨在探索中国青少年的人格结构并编制适合青少年使用的人格量表.以词汇学研究建立的中国人人格七因素模型以及用于成年人的中国人人格量表(QZPS)为基础,经过青少年被试按照其理解能力和表述习惯重新修订QZPS的项目后,2827名初一~高三的学生完成了包括215个项目的中国青少年人格量表(QZPS-Q)初版,经因素分析确定了中国青少年的人格由七个维度、19个二级因素及三个综合性维度构成,QZPS-Q最终由111个项目构成.研究结果支持了中国人的人格结构模型,同时也体现了青少年注重成就和才干及侧重外在表现的人格特点.     

中国人善良人格量表的编制及信效度检验

中国的心理学研究充满了道德色彩,研究以善良人格概念及结构为基础,编制了中国人善良人格量表。研究根据已有的善良人格词汇对应编写具体条目,经过分析整合后初步保留29个善良人格条目,在此基础上研究招募960名被试,分别进行探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析,并建构了善良人格的二阶四因子结构。研究结果表明善良人格量表具有良好的信效度,是测量中国人善良人格的有效工具。     

中国人人格量表的信度与效度

在初步确定中国人人格量表（Qingnian Zhongguo Personality Scale, QZPS）的基础上,通过对5000多被试的施测,确定了QZPS的项目构成及信度和效度。研究中对QZPS的项目重新进行探索性因素分析,确认了中国人人格的七因素结构,根据对每一个大因素的因素分析和项目鉴别度分析,确定了QZPS各个因素的项目构成和内部一致性系数,共180个项目。通过自-他评定的相关、自评与标尺评定的相关、以及对特殊群体分数分布的分析验证了QZPS的效度。研究结果确认QZPS有良好的信度和效度,可以应用于人格的理论和应用领域。     

"大七"人格结构模型下的汉族、纳西族人格结构比较

采用中国人人格形容词评定量表(简式)对985名成年汉族和207名纳西族被试进行测量,结果显示:汉族的人格结构模型符合“大七人格结构模型”,而纳西族则不符合。纳西族在“外向活跃”、“严谨自制”、“温顺随和”、“淡泊诚信”等四个人格结构因子上的得分均显著高于汉族。     

中国人幸福人格的结构与内涵

幸福人格是影响个体幸福感的重要人格特质。为了探索中国人幸福人格的结构和内涵,研究基于人格的词汇学假设,从以往研究者编制人格测验使用的初始词汇表中,筛选出225个与幸福感有关的人格词语。通过探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析,最终得到49个幸福人格词语。因素分析结果显示：中国人的幸福人格包含胆识、美德、乐观三个维度。以Campbell幸福感量表、主观幸福感量表和中国大五人格问卷简式版为效标的分析结果表明,幸福人格各维度得分可有效预测幸福感。     

中国人的人格特点(VI):人际关系

人际关系人格维度包括宽和与热情两个次级因素,反映的是对待人际关系的基本态度。该研究依据本土化的中国人人格量表对中国人的人际关系人格维度及其两个次级因素的特点进行了分析,发现个体的性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况均对人际关系产生不同程度的影响。总体上看,女性比男性对人更宽和,男性比女性对人更热情;年龄越大,人际关系分数越高;行政管理者比工人农民与和教科文卫人员人际关系分数更高,而婚姻状况也与年龄和性别一起影响个体的人际关系倾向。     

Personality and deception ability

Thirty-eight undergraduate subjects were administered the 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire, the Bem Sex Role Inventory, the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, and a measure of sociopolitical attitudes and a week later took part in a videotaped deception task. Subjects were requested to give short, videorecorded presentations on different sociopolitical topics. The topics were chosen in order to assure that each subject would give two presentations that were consistent with their attitudes (truth-telling), two presentations that were counter-attitudinal (deceptive), and two presentations on neutral topics. The presentations were then viewed by volunteer judges who rated each on a scale of believability. Results indicated that outgoing and energetic subjects were more successful deceivers, and that apprehensive subjects were less successful deceivers, presumably due to honest/deceptive demeanor biases. Persons scoring high on social desirability and on the motivational distortion (lie) scale of the 16 PF, were also more successful at the deception task. These findings replicate and expand previous research on the role of individual differences in deception ability.     

The Relation of Self-Supporting Personality,Big Five Personality and Depression

Self-supporting personality (SSP) is an indigenous Chinese personality concept. It is assumed to be a protective personality factor with regard to depression. In the present study, self-supporting personality traits are assumed to be similar to Big Five personality traits or facets of the Five Factor Model to a considerable degree, but also to contain some tendencies or dispositions which are related to depression in ways that go beyond either the Big Five factors or their sub-factors. The relation of self-supporting personality, Big Five personality, and depression was examined in a sample of 439 Chinese undergraduate students using the Self-Supporting Personality Scale for Adolescent Students (SSPS-AS), the Mandarin Chinese version of Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), and the Chinese Version of Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results from the correlation analysis revealed that most SSP traits were significantly correlated with the Big Five personality dimensions and sub-dimensions, but the correlation between personal flexibility and either the Big Five dimensions or their sub-dimensions were modest at best. Results from the hierarchical linear regression analyses showed that interpersonal responsibility, interpersonal openness, and personal independence negatively predicted depression, even after controlling for demographic variables and the Big Five personality, however, the explained variance decreased sharply. These results support the hypothesis that despite some overlap with the Big Five personality, self-supporting personality is related to depression in additional ways that the Big Five personality dimensions or their sub-dimensions are not.     

Chronic Self-Destructiveness and Self-Defeating Personality: Similarities and Differences

This study attempts to determine whether the Chronic Self-Destructiveness Scale (CSDS; Kelley, Byrne, et al., 1985) would be better described as a measure of impulsiveness or self-defeating behavior in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., Rev. [DSM-III-R]; American Psychiatric Association, 1987) diagnostic sense. Subjects completed the CSDS, the Self-Defeating Scale (Schill, 1990), and measures of restraint, distress, and psychopathy. Based on the correlations among these scales, we suggest that the CSDS is better described as a measure of impulsiveness, poor judgment, and immediate gratification, rather than a measure of Self-Defeating Personality, which keeps the individual in a victim position.