共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Cooperation,Knowledge, and Time: Alternating-time Temporal Epistemic Logic and its Applications 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Branching-time temporal logics have proved to be an extraordinarily successful tool in the formal specification and verification of distributed systems. Much of their success stems from the tractability of the model checking problem for the branching time logic CTL, which has made it possible to implement tools that allow designers to automatically verify that systems satisfy requirements expressed in CTL. Recently, CTL was generalised by Alur, Henzinger, and Kupferman in a logic known as Alternating-time Temporal Logic (ATL). The key insight in ATL is that the path quantifiers of CTL could be replaced by cooperation modalities, of the form , where is a set of agents. The intended interpretation of an ATL formula is that the agents can cooperate to ensure that holds (equivalently, that have a winning strategy for ). In this paper, we extend ATL with knowledge modalities, of the kind made popular in the work of Fagin, Halpern, Moses, Vardi and colleagues. Combining these knowledge modalities with ATL, it becomes possible to express such properties as group can cooperate to bring about iff it is common knowledge in that . The resulting logic — Alternating-time Temporal Epistemic Logic (ATEL) — shares the tractability of model checking with its ATL parent, and is a succinct and expressive language for reasoning about game-like multiagent systems. 相似文献
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Julien Murzi 《Topoi》2012,31(1):17-26
I argue that the standard anti-realist argument from manifestability to intuitionistic logic is either unsound or invalid.
Strong interpretations of the manifestability of understanding are falsified by the existence of blindspots for knowledge.
Weaker interpretations are either too weak, or gerrymandered and ad hoc. Either way, they present no threat to classical logic. 相似文献
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This essay attempts to implement epistemic logic through a non-classical inference relation. Given that relation, an account of '(the individual) a knows that A' is constructed as an unfamiliar non-normal modal logic. One advantage to this approach is a new analysis of the skeptical argument. 相似文献
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Dan Dahlstrom 《British Journal for the History of Philosophy》2013,21(5):1027-1036
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Various considerations are adduced toshow that we require that a testifier know hertestimony. Such a requirement apparentlyimproves testimony. It is argued that the aimof improving testimony explains why we have anduse our concept of knowledge. If we were tointroduce a term of praise for testimony, usingit at first to praise testimony that apparentlyhelped us in our practical projects, it wouldcome to be used as we now use the word``know'. 相似文献
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Stewart Cohen 《Inquiry (Oslo, Norway)》2013,56(1):15-29
Abstract Timothy Williamson has fruitfully exploited formal resources to shed considerable light on the nature of knowledge. In the paper under examination, Williamson turns his attention to Gettier cases, showing how they can be motivated formally. At the same time, he disparages the kind of justification he thinks gives rise to these cases. He favors instead his own notion of justification for which Gettier cases cannot arise. We take issue both with his disparagement of the kind of justification that figures in Gettier cases and the specifics of the formal motivation. 相似文献
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Carlo Cellucci 《Axiomathes》2014,24(4):517-532
From antiquity several philosophers have claimed that the goal of natural science is truth. In particular, this is a basic tenet of contemporary scientific realism. However, all concepts of truth that have been put forward are inadequate to modern science because they do not provide a criterion of truth. This means that we will generally be unable to recognize a scientific truth when we reach it. As an alternative, this paper argues that the goal of natural science is plausibility and considers some characters of plausibility. 相似文献
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Philosophia - One of the most venerable and enduring intuitions in epistemology concerns the relationship between true belief and knowledge. Famously articulated by Socrates, it holds that true... 相似文献
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Greg Restall 《The Philosophical quarterly》2001,51(205):474-483
Shapiro and Taschek have argued that simply using intuitionistic logic and its Heyting semantics, one can show that there are no gaps in warranted assertability. That is, given that a discourse is faithfully modelled using Heyting's semantics for the logical constants, then if a statement S is not warrantedly assertable, its negation ∼ S is. Tennant has argued for this conclusion on similar grounds. I show that these arguments fail, albeit in illuminating ways. An appeal to constructive logic does not commit one to this strong epistemological thesis, but appeals to semantics of intuitionistic logic none the less do give us certain conclusions about the connections between warranted assertability and truth. 相似文献
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Hamid Vahid 《Philosophical Studies》2006,131(2):303-335
Belief is generally thought to be the primary cognitive state representing the world as being a certain way, regulating our
behavior and guiding us around the world. It is thus regarded as being constitutively linked with the truth of its content.
This feature of belief has been famously captured in the thesis that believing is a purposive state aiming at truth. It has
however proved to be notoriously difficult to explain what the thesis really involves. In this paper, I begin by critically
examining a number of recent attempts to unpack the metaphor. I shall then proceed to highlight an error that seems to cripple
most of these attempts. This involves the confusion between, what I call, doxastic and epistemic goals. Finally, having offered
my own positive account of the aim-of-belief thesis, I shall underline its deflationary nature by distinguishing between aiming
at truth and hitting that target (truth). I end by comparing the account with certain prominent inflationary theories of the
nature of belief.
I am grateful to Muhammed Legenhausen, David Velleman and an
anonymous referee of this journal for helpful comments on earlier drafts of
this paper. 相似文献
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