哈萨克族牧民定居与饮食文化的变迁

哈萨克族的饮食有着浓厚的游牧生活的特点,本文通过对哈萨克牧民饮食文化的研究,来探索哈萨克族饮食文化的变迁。     

哈萨克斯坦哈萨克族文化变迁

随着社会发展变迁,哈萨克族传统的生活方式发生了重大的变革,并推动了哈萨克族牧区经济的发展,引起社会价值观念的变化及哈萨克族传统生活习惯的变迁。而且在变迁过程中形成了文化再生产。     

现代化视阈下新疆哈萨克族定居原因分析

以"现代化"为时代背景,从国家与牧民两个角度论述新疆哈萨克族牧民定居原因。"定居"不是草原现代文明的标志,游牧民族现代化的关键也不单单人口数量的增加,而是有一定比例的人口去承载游牧文化的发展。随着草原人口的迅速增长,人—畜—草原早已失去平衡,生态移民,控制草原人口数量势在必行。在此基础上,笔者提出了"适度定居",并对其内涵进行相关论证。     

哈萨克族宗教信仰的历史演变探析北大核心CSSCISSCI

哈萨克族在发展过程中不断地包容和吸收外来文化,形成了一种开放的多元文化体系。宗教文化是古代哈萨克族文化中的一个重要组成部分。本文对哈萨克族历史上形成的宗教信仰及其演变过程进行了阐述。     

哈萨克族宗教信仰的历史演变探析

哈萨克族在发展过程中不断地包容和吸收外来文化,形成了一种开放的多元文化体系。宗教文化是古代哈萨克族文化中的一个重要组成部分。本文对哈萨克族历史上形成的宗教信仰及其演变过程进行了阐述。     

新疆哈萨克族清真寺历史沿革述略

哈萨克族是由古代欧亚草原上众多部落和部族及其后裔经过长期错综复杂的交往和融合形成的。到13世纪初,哈萨克"已形成为一个有共同名称、共同语言、共同地区、共同经济生活、共同民族意识、民族感情的稳定的共同体"。18世纪中期至20世纪初期哈     

阿勒泰地区哈萨克医民间医生现状调查

为了解阿勒泰地区哈萨克医民间医生的现状和传承情况,以实现哈萨克族传统医药可持续发展的目标,采用半结构访谈、问卷调查、参与观察等方法,对阿勒泰地区的哈萨克医民间医生进行实地调查。结果表明,民间医生高龄化、老龄化趋势严重,缺乏合法的行医身份,祖传和师传为主的传承方式等因素制约了哈萨克医民间医生的发展。因此,要通过尽快制定保护民族医药的相关法律,及时开展民间医生的普查和保护工作,尽快解决民间医生的行医资格,提高民间医生的教育水平等,大力扶持哈萨克医民间医生以促进哈萨克族传统医药的发展。     

伊犁河谷哈萨克族文化景观的分类及构成要素分析

哈萨克族文化景观是哈萨克族人和他们的祖先在历史发展的过程中,为了满足一些实用的需要,适应当地的自然环境、气候条件,并且使用天然材料,在自然景观上叠加人类活动而形成的,具有自身的独立性和特殊性。对伊犁河谷哈萨克族文化景观进行实地调研,研究归纳其分类并参照刘滨谊教授的景观三元论进行分类分析景观构成要素,从而为伊犁河谷哈萨克族文化景观的分类保护和可持续发展提供参考和借鉴。     

哈萨克族穆斯林的风俗习惯

哈萨克族穆斯林的风俗习惯李万林我从１９７５年就开始和哈萨克族穆斯林弟兄接触，相处近２０年。我深感哈萨克族的诚实、善良、勤奋、热情好客，尤其是他们传统的优良习惯、团结友爱的精神，值得我们回族和其他民族穆斯林学习。现将我的亲身体验介绍给广大读者；热情好客...     

草原生态保护补助奖励机制的贫困影响评价——以内蒙古阿拉善盟左旗为例

本文基于内蒙古阿拉善盟左旗调研资料,尝试对草原生态保护补助奖励机制进行贫困影响评价。草原补奖政策对草原生态恢复、畜牧业发展方式转变具有一定促进作用,虽然导致大量牧户收入下降,却也提高和保障了低收入牧户的收入水平,有助于减少贫困户数量、缩小牧区贫富差距;相关配套扶持政策不足使得部分因禁牧离开草场转产转业的牧户面临生产和生活上的困难,政策未来预期的不确定也使得牧民在进行生计安排时面临风险。     

Toward a psychological cost-benefit model for educational and vocational choice

The usefulness of cost-benefit models for analyzing the individual's educational and occupational choice is discussed, with the choice after high school graduation as an example. As a background, the economic approach linked to the human capital concept is described as well as the use of cost-benefit analysis within this framework. Cost-benefit analysis is then discussed as a possible model within the area of educational and occupational choice. First, the traditional, strictly economic model is analyzed and criticized. A psychological economic alternative is proposed which, in contrast to the economic model, is based on the individual's perceptions and expectations regarding costs and benefits. As a third step, a purely psychological cost-benefit model is suggested, where the cost and benefit concepts are broadened to include all types of personal sacrifices and rewards. This model is regarded as more realistic for the individual's career choice than the economic prototypes.     

Shopping destination choice in Tehran: An integrated choice and latent variable approach

Integrated choice and latent variable (ICLV) models are increasingly considered in many fields as a means to gain a deeper understanding into the decision process of individuals as well as to potentially improve predictive ability. Literature has shown that the application of ICLV in context of shopping destination choice has not been conducted yet. This study uses data collected from the city of Tehran, Iran on shopping destination choice of 812 individuals. Then these attitudinal questions are used for the development of latent variables regarding the attitude and lifestyle of the participants. By including one latent variable (LV) reflecting the attitudes of clothing and lifestyle’s of grocery travelers the structural model reveals a sample distribution of this LV conditional on fundamental socio-economic characteristics. The results of our latent variable model clearly confirm that personal attitude toward clothing shopping center and lifestyle indeed impact destination choice. The results show that our experiment and the expanded hybrid choice model (HCM) allow appropriately identifying and investigating the effects of mixtures of latent attitudes on the intention shopping destination choice.     

Health inequality and careers

Structural explanations of career choice and development are well established. Socioeconomic inequality represents a powerful factor shaping career trajectories and economic outcomes achieved by individuals. However, a robust and growing body of evidence demonstrates a strong link between socioeconomic inequality and health outcomes. Work is a key factor explaining differences in income and lifestyle. It seems unavoidable that inequality in careers has profound consequences for health and well-being, but this relationship is largely ignored by career scholars. Some implications of health inequality for career guidance interventions are suggested.     

Migrants and their therapists: a trans-context approach.

In this article, I examine how changes in technology, social organization, and economic opportunity are fundamentally altering the encounter between therapists and migrant clients. Approaches are required that take into account the recursive nature of the newly emerging two-home, trans-context lifestyle. I outline a second-order position and lines of questioning that may help migrants and therapists to situate problems in historical-geographical context, examine structural constraints on choice, and co-develop options for the future. To illustrate and enlarge upon hypotheses about the life experience of migrants, I analyze a particular Caribbean-Canadian immigrant story.     

Individual differences: Factors affecting employee utilization of flexible work arrangements

This study investigated individual and organizational factors that predict an individual’s choice to use flexible work arrangements (FWAs). Survey data was collected from 144 employees in two different organizations. The results revealed several significant predictors of FWAs: tenure, hours worked per week, supervisory responsibilities, perceptions of workgroup use and personal lifestyle. Individuals with longer tenure in the organization, who had supervisory responsibilities, had coworkers in their immediate workgroup who used FWAs or had personal lifestyle preferences were more likely to use the programs than those with less tenure, who did not have supervisory responsibilities, did not perceive their workgroup used FWAs or did not have personal lifestyle preferences.     

Dorsal anterior cingulate and ventromedial prefrontal cortex have inverse roles in both foraging and economic choice

Recent research has highlighted a distinction between sequential foraging choices and traditional economic choices between simultaneously presented options. This was partly motivated by observations in Kolling, Behrens, Mars, and Rushworth, Science, 336(6077), 95–98 (2012) (hereafter, KBMR) that these choice types are subserved by different circuits, with dorsal anterior cingulate (dACC) preferentially involved in foraging and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) preferentially involved in economic choice. To support this account, KBMR used fMRI to scan human subjects making either a foraging choice (between exploiting a current offer or swapping for potentially better rewards) or an economic choice (between two reward-probability pairs). This study found that dACC better tracked values pertaining to foraging, whereas vmPFC better tracked values pertaining to economic choice. We recently showed that dACC’s role in these foraging choices is better described by the difficulty of choosing than by foraging value, when correcting for choice biases and testing a sufficiently broad set of foraging values (Shenhav, Straccia, Cohen, & Botvinick Nature Neuroscience, 17(9), 1249–1254, 2014). Here, we extend these findings in 3 ways. First, we replicate our original finding with a larger sample and a task modified to address remaining methodological gaps between our previous experiments and that of KBMR. Second, we show that dACC activity is best accounted for by choice difficulty alone (rather than in combination with foraging value) during both foraging and economic choices. Third, we show that patterns of vmPFC activity, inverted relative to dACC, also suggest a common function across both choice types. Overall, we conclude that both regions are similarly engaged by foraging-like and economic choice.     

中医科学危机与对策

我国中医药资源非常丰富。但是,中医把中医药资源放在思辨的辨证论治理论框架上。实证的现代医药风暴袭来,取代了中医在国家医学的主体地位,截走了国际中药市场,我国甚至已成为中药净进口国家。中医陷入自我实现的科学危机。辨证论治理论僵化中医学术性质和中医观念、抑制中医生产力、阻碍中医技术产品创新和市场交流,严重阻碍中医药经济发展。所以,批判以辨证论治为核心的错误中医理论,是化解中医科学危机的战略决策。     

Spiritual Dryness and Celibacy in Catholic Priests – Discernment of Ongoing Spiritual Journeys from Relational and Psychosexual Immaturities

Pastoral Psychology - The celibacy of Roman Catholic priests, in contrast to a single lifestyle, implies an existential choice for spiritual reasons as a conscious motivation. Nevertheless, several...     

The consumption and disposition behaviour of voluntary simplifiers

• Voluntary simplicity is a lifestyle choice that has received increasing media attention over time. A defining characteristic of voluntary simplicity is reduced material consumption and the removal of clutter from one's life, thus suggesting the topic of disposition may inform our understanding of voluntary simplifier lifestyle behaviour. This paper explores the disposition activities of voluntary simplifiers in the context of their overall consumption behaviour using a series of in‐depth interviews with 12 current voluntary simplifiers. The findings show that disposition plays an important role in voluntary simplifier behaviour, especially during the initial stages of adopting the lifestyle. The consideration of future disposition activities was also found to influence the day‐to‐day consumption behaviour of participants.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

当前医患纠纷解决模式的法律与道德评价

我国医患纠纷的最终解决是通过传统的民事诉讼途径,然而,这种模式并不符合医疗案件本身的特点。从法律和道德的角度而言,我们必须对医疗诉讼的制度设计重新进行反思,并在此基础上进行变革。