从自然状态到社会状态的历史过渡:从圣经的观点看

众所周知,17—18世纪政治哲学的主要派别是"社会契约论",其主要版本依次为霍布斯的、斯宾诺莎的、洛克的以及卢梭的。所有这些版本都设定了"自然状态"、"自然人"、"自然法"或"自然权利"等概念的优先性,从这些概念的意义出发来推导论证公民权利和政治权威的正当性和合法     

Beyond Science: A Look at the Biblical Christian View of the Supernatural

Abstract

Science has greatly improved the quality of contemporary life compared with past centuries. Consequently, science has gained prominence as an authentic authority and a reliable source of truth, more respected than religion in general and biblical faith in particular. Naturalistic science, the most dominant kind of science, is rooted in the rationalism of the Enlightenment and excludes belief in the supernatural. However, the limits of this science become evident when confronted with the reality of supernatural phenomena in daily life. This article seeks to briefly examine the worldviews of naturalistic science and biblical Christianity in relation to the supernatural and present the significance of biblical Christianity for interpreting all of life’s reality.     

西方社群主义的正义观及其对和谐社会的启示

正义是和谐社会的核心价值.在建设社会主义和谐社会的过程中,西方的各种政治学说可以为我们批判地借鉴,当代西方的社群主义正义观就可以在尊重个人合法权利、培养公民美德、弘扬集体价值观等方面,为我们提供一些启示.     

Shifting the Relationship Education Field to Prioritize Youth Relationship Education

The field of couple and relationship education is dominated by a focus on helping committed couples strengthen their relationship. This article reviews several lines of research to argue that the field should give greater priority to youth relationship education—individually oriented relationship literacy education for adolescents and young adults. Serious problems are common in adolescent and young adult romantic relationships and increasing numbers of youth follow paths from adolescence to marriage that make it harder for them to form and sustain a healthy marriage. Early evidence on the effectiveness of individually oriented youth relationship education provides some reason for optimism. The article concludes by exploring implications of this proposed shift in the field for practice and policy.     

Proposal for Centers for the Study of Biblical Psychotherapy

This paper describes the need for a Biblically based psychotherapy to replace a psychotherapy dominated by Greek mythology. Centers for Biblical Psychotherapy are proposed and sample curriculae are discussed.     

The Mandate of the Ecumenical Movement

This is the text of the address given by Willem A. Visser 't Hooft to the Uppsala Assembly of the World Council of Churches (WCC) in 1968 after being named honorary president of the WCC, following his retirement as general secretary two years earlier. In this address, Visser 't Hooft reviews the 20th‐century history of the ecumenical movement and the contemporary mandate of the WCC, in which the central issue is the relationship between the church and the world, where the vertical dimension to God of the church's unity determines the horizontal dimension of its service to the world. The address concludes with four challenges: no horizontal advance without vertical orientation; the ecumenical movement and the churches need each other; church unity is important; and youth expects answers.     

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Education on the College Campus: The Mandate and the Challenge

The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is associated with developing acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), is increasing within the college population. College professionals share in the mandate to implement AIDS education programs designed to raise awareness and offer more effective decision-making and coping skills. One such program follows.     

The Role of Cultural Worldviews and Message Framing in Shaping Public Opinions Toward the Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Mandate

This research examines the influence of cultural worldviews and message framing on public opinions toward the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination mandate. Consistent with the cultural theory of risk, we found that individuals with a hierarchical (vs. egalitarian) worldview perceived the HPV vaccination mandate as less beneficial and riskier. The hierarchy‐egalitarianism dimension of cultural worldview also interacted with message framing to influence support for the mandate. For individuals with a hierarchical worldview, a loss‐framed (vs. gain‐framed) message resulted in greater support for the mandate and more positive thoughts, whereas the reverse was found for those with an egalitarian worldview. Results concerning the individualism‐communitarianism dimension of cultural worldview showed a different pattern, however. Implications of the findings are discussed.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.     

An Examination of the Biblical Evidence for Open Theism

Open Theist theologians argue that their view of divine foreknowledge and providence is the correct interpretation of the Bible, and suggest some biblical evidence to support this claim. Among these theologians, Gregory A. Boyd’s case is the most systematic, and also the most comprehensive and rigorous. Taking into consideration (1) the main philosophical claims of Open Theism and its main rivals, namely Calvinism and Molinism, and (2) Open Theist theologians’ interpretative principles for the Bible, the biblical evidence for Open Theism suggested by Boyd can be classified into three groups according to their strength. I will argue that the first group of themes has no evidential value for Open Theism, since these themes can be interpreted just as plausibly from a Calvinist or Molinist perspective. By contrast, the second group of themes has some evidential value and thus constitutes prima facie evidence for Open Theism, since these themes make most sense under an Open Theist interpretation. However, these themes also make some sense on a Molinist reading. The third group of themes, I argue, has most evidential value for Open Theism, since it seems hard to reconcile these themes either with Calvinism or Molinism.     

评张东荪的文化主义逻辑观

逻辑在文化中具有双重身份:对人类文化的总体而言,它属于文化;对各个民族的文化而言,它是超文化的。与逻辑具有超文化身份的观点相反,张东荪的文化主义逻辑观的基本主张是文化决定逻辑,不同的文化决定不同的逻辑。它包括三个错误理论:1.“四种不同的逻辑”论:把逻辑泛化为思维方式。2.语言决定逻辑论:把逻辑的载体当作逻辑的本体。3.逻辑“跟着文化走”论:从主观主义走到相对主义。     

Identity and Cultural Narrative in a Lesbian Relationship

SUMMARY

The dynamics of a specific lesbian couple are explored in terms of identifications, identity, and cultural narratives. Problems within couples can arise from challenges to the organization of identifications and to identity within and between the individuals as a couple moves from one cultural narrative to another. Female masculinity is especially vulnerable to these transitions, as it lacks legitimization from the culture at large.     

康德启蒙自然观的文化批判

康德的启蒙理性自然观包含三个维度。第一个维度是不可知自然,它体现了人类在有限存在状态中对终极关怀的渴望。第二个维度是人的天性自然,它凸显出人类对自身自然性的合理肯定,表达了人类主体性的展开。第三个维度是合目的性自然,它显现了人类的理性自觉。康德的启蒙理性自然观最终促成了人的理性主体性在近代的全面建立,引发了自然向人生成的理论建设,但同时也成为了主体性是否应该回归自然的现代性争论以及自然被置于边缘地位的生态学困惑的思想源点。     

Using Relational Cultural Theory as a Pedagogical Approach for Counselor Education

ABSTRACT

In the article the authors will discuss core concepts of RCT in greater detail while relating these concepts to the counselor education classroom setting. There are many aspects of the counseling process that are open-ended due to the necessity of counselors needing to be responsive to the client’s needs in the moment. It is the assertion of the authors that using RCT in the classroom as a pedagogical framework may be beneficial to the growth of CITs. Through creating and maintaining an environment that supports growth fostering relationships, mutual empathy, authenticity, recognition and healing of disconnection, identification of central relational paradoxes, and processing relational images can all lead to developing relational competence in the CITs who will become the next generation of counselors. Additionally, the authors provide examples of the core concepts in action that are grounded in their experiences, blending RCT into their instructional delivery in their course.     

Relationship Education for Incarcerated Adults

As relationship education (RE) programs become more widely implemented, it is important to measure and document the changes associated with RE for diverse audiences. Also, researchers have been challenged to examine the impact of RE with more disadvantaged groups. While we are seeing an increase in this area, only three studies have examined RE with an incarcerated sample. These previous studies examined only those currently in a relationship and focused primarily on couple functioning. The aim of this study was to expand the existing literature by examining RE with a broader sample of incarcerated adults, regardless of current relationship status, and to expand our understanding of its association with outcomes beyond the couple domain by also including measures of individual and parental functioning. In addition, we examined whether change from pre‐ to posttest was moderated by individual characteristics. Using a sample of incarcerated adults (N = 122), the study found positive change in three domains of functioning (couple, individual, and parental). Specifically, results indicated change on five of the eight outcome variables examined. Overall, we found both similarities and differences among program participants on changes from pre‐ to posttest. For the majority of outcomes, the positive change from pre‐ to posttest emerged regardless of individual characteristics.     

Chaos and Christianity: A Response to Butz and a Biblical Alternative

This article responds to M. R. Butz's (1995) fundamental conclusion regarding chaos and Christianity, briefly discusses the compatibility between the two perspectives, and offers a biblical model for counselors in assisting Christian clients in embracing chaos.