LATE NIGHT THOUGHTS ON THE COSMIC SELF–NEW AND OLD: A REFLECTION ON THE COSMIC SELF:

Abstract. Responding to Ted Peters's The Cosmic Self , the author finds parallels and dissonances between New Age assertions and traditional mysticism, East and West. The comprehensive consciousness and interconnectedness of life are addressed by various mysticisms in their search for spiritual realities. However, many of the most recent movements are distinguished by superficiality.     

ON AGGRESSION TURNED AGAINST THE SELF

Deliberate self‐harm is a common presenting problem suffered by young people. Several patients referred to the NHS outpatient clinic where I work have been able to stop harming themselves during intensive psychoanalytic psychotherapy. In this paper, I shall discuss a variety of motives for persistent cutting by one adolescent girl. I am most interested to show how the healthier part of her personality overcame her motives for harming herself, and eventually allowed her to make use of my understanding of a sadomasochistic internal object that worked against us.     

SOME THOUGHTS ON PSYCHOANALYSIS AND ETHICS

The author attempts to establish a framework for understanding the contribution of psychoanalysis to ethics through examining the work of certain philosophers, especially Kant. After reviewing the development of Freudian thought and going beyond the ‘psychoanalysis and/or psychiatry?’ question, he asserts that the space of the psychoanalytical cure revolves around an ethical problem. Thus, the limits of analysis should be determined by the subject's capacity for developing a structure of belief in the unconscious, with the concomitant capacity to go beyond equivocation in respect of an ethical conflict that underlies all cases where psychical suffering is manifested. Indeed, only human beings are called upon to deal with an ethical paradox “equally a logical one”which could be stated thus: there is Good in Evil and Evil in Good. This ethical paradox is the consequence of human subjection to the constituent laws of the Oedipus complex, which distances the human being, in his/her dealings with Evil and with Good, from any naturalist stance. In respect of the cure, then, we must take into account that Evil does not proceed from any particular drive‐based characteristic, but is rather the expression of specific subjection to an unconscious Other, towards which it directs its affects. Finally, the author proposes a principle that emerges from the preceding discussion: let us not impute to or place in the Other our own subjective splitting or pain at existing.     

EXPLORATIONS ON THE CONCEPT OF SELF ESTEEM

La plupart des recherches relatives à L'estime de soi postulent, comme base de L'image de soi et du moi idéal, des qualités et des critères qui sont valables dans les secteurs dominants du monde occidental, principalement les Etats-Unis. Mais d'autres recherches suggèrent que dans des cultures non occidentales, les qualités de base du moi idéal pourraient largement différer des modèles occidentaux. En conséquence, les instruments de mesure de L'estime de soi qui peuvent être adéquats dans une culture donnée, peuvent ne pas L'être ailleurs. L'auteur propose un questionnaire qui porte sur les points suivants: quelles sont les qualités que le sujet considère comme les plus importantes pour L'estime de soi; dans quelle mesure le sujet considère-t-il qu'il possède ces qualités; jusqu'à quel point le sujet pense-t-il que les autres considèrent qu'il possède ces qualités? L'auteur pose en hypothèse que le contexte d'une culture donnée, sous ses aspects culturels proprement dits, mais aussi professionnels et autres, affecte les critères sur lesquels se fonde L'estime de soi, et également le degré d'estime qui correspond à ces divers critères. Des recherches exploratoires qui ont été réalisées à Malte, au Nigeria, en Inde, en Grande-Bretagne et au Canada, à L'aide de ce questionnaire, apportent quelque confirmation à cette hypothèse.     

和内省有关的几个问题

本文指出内省有各种各样的,不宜不加区别地赞成或反对内省。一直受到批评的只是古典内省,而这种内省在铁钦纳1927年逝世以后,在实验室中已经无人使用。现在还经常使用的内省,如被试对刺激的评价或判断等,包括激进的行为主义者在内,从来没人反对过,并且已成为心理实验的惯例。作者认为被试只能报告他心理过程的结果,要求他报告出心理过程本身实际上是不可能的。如果在赞成和反对哪种内省方面没有重大分歧,可否采取求同存异的原则,对其它枝节问题先放一放,等到新的事实累积多些时,再来讨论这个问题?     

THIRD THOUGHTS ON GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN ANTISEMITISM

The last forty years have seen an explosion of scholarly writings on the subject of German and Austrian antisemitism, in contrast to the paucity of such publications in the preceding decades. While some interpretations, like those derived from Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis, have declined in favour, there has been an increase in sophisticated studies of local developments and of the role of antisemitism in party political, associational and cultural life. This has resulted in a much better understanding of the temporal, geographical and ideological fluctuations of antisemitic sentiment, and of its general place in the political development of Germany and Austria.1     

影响员工自我调节学习的组织因素研究

通过问卷调查法,研究了包括组织职业生涯管理、组织的学习气氛和应对行为等影响企业员工自我调节调节学习的因素。以6家企业208名被试为研究对象确立了问卷的项目、信度和效度。在此基础上对11家企业603名被试进行测试,结果发现:单位的性质、行业、地域、组织的职业生涯规划、学习气氛对员工的自我调节学习有显著的影响;员工自我调节学习对于其挫折应对方式有显著的预测作用。     

孔子教学过程的心理学思想初探

本文根据普通心理学的结构和教育心理学的内容,对孔子的教学过程进行了心理学的分析和整理。全文分认识心理学思想、情感心理学思想、意志心理学思想和个性心理学思想四大部分。试图较为系统地探究孔子教学过程中的心理学思想遗产。     

EFFECTS OF CULTURES AND LANGUAGES ON SELF CONCEPTIONS*

Cultural evolution in self conceptions under the influence of external cultures was explored through semantic differential ratings of Turkish English-speaking (TK/EN) students. As the criterion for inter-cultural and inter-language comparisons, the “norm” conceptions were obtained from two indigenous samples that represent the American/English (AM/EN) culture and the Turkey/Turkish (TK/TK) culture respectively. Results indicated significant transfusion effects of the “providing” (AM/EN) culture on self conceptions of the “receiving” (TK/EN) culture - in desaturating as well as elevating the semantic intensities of various aspects of self identity over the “native” (TK/TK) culture. An implication was made that future cross-cultural interactions should become an effective mutual learning process for improving inter-cultural and inter-group heterogeneities and conflicts, rather than for spliting a homogeneous indigenous culture into many fragmented and isolated entities.     

《孙子兵法》管理心理学思想研究

着重讨论了《孙子兵法》中管理心理学思想的四个方面即人性观,激励思想,群体心理思想,领导心理思想,并兼谈在现代管理中的运用。