宗教宽容与北爱社会冲突的化解

耗费了无数人心血的《北爱尔兰和平协议》终于达成,但是北爱人民并没有享受到随之而来的和平。本文从分析北爱宗教分裂和宗教歧视的现状入手,通过对冲突化解理论的剖析,指出在北爱这样一个宗教严重分裂的社会,没有宗教的宽容精神,就难以实现社会的真正和解以及和谐。     

与世界和解

正说与世界和解,其实有点大且虚,世界那么大,哪个知道你是谁?这里的所谓世界,不是五大洲四大洋,七十亿各国同胞,而无非是你那一亩三分地,你工作的单位,居住的小区,你周围的男男女女,交往的亲友,敌人与对手。如果抽象一点说,就是你要与现实生活、客观环境、社会风气、世俗习惯等和解。和解,先说和字,相关的词有和谐,宽和,和为贵,和而不同,和气生财,和和美美等;再说解     

论《管子》的经解体及其特征

《管子》的文体是十分丰富的,其文体可以分为论说文、记叙文、经解体等八类。而经解体又可分为两类：一类是一篇文章之中前经后解,经文和解文同在一篇文章之中;另一类是对《经言》部分经文的逐句解释,经文和解文皆单独成篇。     

20世纪伊斯兰教派和解的尝试——从伊斯兰教法学派和解协会谈起北大核心CSSCISSCI

二战后,教派和解运动在逊尼派和什叶派宗教界兴起,1947年伊斯兰教法学派和解协会的成立便是其最重要的标志。在30多年的时间内,和解协会推动了两大教派的交流,取得了一些重要成果,但由于种种原因,最终走向解体。和解协会的兴衰历程为伊斯兰教后继的教派对话提供了宝贵的经验教训。     

同伴特点如何影响人们的合作与冲突行为?

人类的生存繁衍依赖于人们之间的相互合作,合作与冲突行为的研究近年来成为心理学的研究热点。本研究通过实验程序操纵Chicken Game中博弈同伴的特点,考察个体在社会困境中面对不同特点同伴时的合作行为。结果发现：(1)同伴道义论组和功利论组总和解率没有显著差异,同伴竞争组和合作组的总和解率也没有显著差异。(2)在与道义论以及合作型的同伴互动时,个体的行为没有明显受到上次博弈反馈的影响。(3)当同伴为功利论时,相比于上次博弈个体选择和解而同伴选择进攻,双方都选择和解时个体在当前博弈中更倾向于和解;(4)在同伴竞争组中,相比于上次博弈个体选择进攻而同伴选择和解,双方都选择和解时被试在当前博弈中会更倾向于和解。实验结果表明个体在博弈任务中会受到同伴特点的影响,并且同伴在博弈中的行为特点的影响更为显著。本研究从同伴特点来考察个体的合作行为,揭示了影响个体博弈行为的一种因素。     

刑事和解的权理基础——权利的衡平与回归

刑事和解最重要的理论基础是恢复正义,而正义与权利密切相关,恢复正义的实现有赖于相关或参与各方的权利得到公平合理的实现--权利的衡平与回归.刑事和解相关方权利的衡平包括国家权利(权力)和个人权利的衡平、被害人与加害人权利的衡平;刑事和解参与方权利的回归包括被害人权利的回归、加害人权利的回归和社区和谐权利的回归.     

教皇与达尔文生物进化论和解

教皇与达尔文生物进化论和解德国《法兰克福评论报》１０月２５日发表题为“教皇与达尔文生物进化论和解”的文章。文章说：在英国自然科学家查尔斯·达尔文去世１００多年以后，天主教会与他的生物进化论和解了。罗马教皇约翰—保罗二世在一封致教皇科学院的信中明确指出...     

国际动态

卡塔尔国家元首呼吁三大宗教对话和解卡塔尔国家元首哈马德6月29日呼吁世界三大宗教(伊斯兰教、基督教和犹太教)进行合作,通过对话解决历史分歧,实现和平与和解。来自三大宗教界的一些学者和代表也在会上纷纷发言,呼吁为了人类的尊严、自由与信仰,加强三大宗教合作与和谐的共同     

研究员工和组织关系的新视角:个别协议

个别协议(Idiosyncratic deals,简写为I-deals)指意在使单个员工和雇主双方均受益的,经两者协商而定的,个性化的工作安置(Rousseau,2005)。个别协议可以作为组织和员工良好心理联系的现实依据,它是组织吸引、保留核心员工的重要策略。本文从个别协议的概念、渊源、测量方式、以及与相关组织现象的研究现状等方面,进行了回顾,并提出相应建议。文章最后探讨了个别协议未来的研究手段、结构和对象等新方向。     

“以现代精神为妻的鳏夫” ——论宗教现代性与现代伦理问题（下）

四、"启蒙"之后黑格尔关于哲学和宗教的"和解"之路众所周知,黑格尔是学神学出身,而作为图宾根神学院学生的黑格尔,却和他的青年伙伴(谢林等)都是当时自由主义运动的信徒。他们直接面对     

当前我国医患关系的思考

手术同意书使用范围的扩大化是目前医患关系紧张的一个表现,患者医疗费用负担过重、医患间缺少沟通、医疗保障制度建设滞后是医患关系紧张的主要原因,解决上述问题是建立和谐医患关系的关键。     

手术协议中的医生义务

手术协议是外科最常见和病历资料中必不可少的医疗文书之一,是手术前医患双方充分交流、沟通的平台,也是患者行使知情同意权和医生履行法律义务的载体。手术协议中体现了四种医生义务：谨慎注意、积极预见、充分告知和取得同意。     

Families, communities, and making medical decisions

In his carefully crafted article, which, it is hoped, will stimulate further dialogue about this issue, David J. Doukas reviews some of the literature on this subject. He does not seem to differentiate between the family's role in decision making for competent or incompetent patients. His interest is prior to that: it is in working out a general agreement prior to the time that such an agreement may be needed. He favors a family covenant, one in which trust accumulates over time, and he offers a model of such a covenant. At first blush, the notion of covenant rather than the notion of contract seems far more suited to the medical milieu. I have no problem with the idea of covenant and trust, but I have serious reservations about its implementation....     

Le burn-out est-il une entité nosographique distincte ?

Although it has largely been studied since the 1970s, it remains controversial to accurately define what the concept of burnout encompasses. Indeed, burnout is not consensually defined and, although some consider that it is a work-related illness, there is no clear diagnostic criteria. This problem is intensified by the fact that some studies present methodological limitations, thus impeding an appropriate characterization of burnout. As a consequence of this lack of agreement, burnout is not acknowledged as a work-related illness, which minimizes the pain of those individuals who are suffering from it. The present paper will review findings that can help to disentangle whether burnout should be considered as a medical diagnosis. Cultural differences concerning the consideration of burnout as a medical condition will be pointed out and the distinctiveness of burnout compared to depression, adjustment disorder or other stress related symptoms will be highlighted. Moreover, we will explain why considering that burnout belongs to broader diagnostic categories implies that the weight of employees’ discomfort mainly relies on personal causes and therefore weakens the role of existing working conditions. This paper will also summarize clinical, psychological and biological evidences for and against the inclusion of burnout as a medical condition, before embedding them in a wider social, political and economic context. More specifically, we will explain why burnout is intimately related to the political and economic situation of a country: when society promotes cost-effectiveness, it increases stress and psychological pressure, which makes a burnout more likely to appear. Furthermore, if burnout is recognized as a work-related disease, the consequences for organizations will be that they will have to pay for additional health care charges. Finally, more effective prevention techniques could be developed, and more appropriate care could be provided to patients, but only if an agreement on diagnostic criteria was obtained and if reliable assessment tools were developed. As long as these issues are not addressed, treatments specifically targeting burnout symptoms will be further delayed although it is a serious clinical condition associated with physical and psychological symptoms impairing patients’ quality of life. In conclusion, we suggest that burnout should be considered as a medical condition despite the economic and political impediments. Nevertheless, up to now, several methodological limitations preclude to reliably establish a pathological cut-off and to delineate burnout from other mental illnesses.     

怎样看待和认识休克

哲学素质在现代医学实践中具有重要意义,它不仅是医务工作者的思维武器,更是了解医学前沿和解决医学难题的钥匙。本文就以休克这一临床上常见的危急重症为例,探讨休克发生发展过程中的哲学因素,旨在阐明自觉运用马克思主义哲学的思辨观来指导休克的诊疗过程实属必要,对医生及患者都大有益处。     

提倡“理性医疗”

“理性医疗”是对疾病进行科学、客观地综合分析,由此筛选出一个理性的处置方案的医疗过程。“理性医疗”不但有利于社会,有利于医患双方,更符合自然科学的规律,同时,对传统的伦理学观念也是一种补充与完善。“理性医疗”的实现需要医患双方的共同协作。     

关于“职业医闹”现象的法律思考

医疗纠纷中患方放弃法律途径而选择雇请“职业医闹”的非法律途径维权的现象日益普遍,严重扰乱了医疗秩序,进一步激化了医患矛盾。鉴于此,拟通过从法律层面上深入分析“职业医闹”产生的根本原因,积极寻求根治“职业医闹”的法律对策,以让患方维权回归法律途径。     

是否告知重症患者病情的调查

本调查认为:目前多数人仍主张不将病情如实告知重症患者.我们应当清楚实情告知重症患者病情所面临的困难和患者知情同意权行使时的障碍,从而缩短社会承认医生告知的过程.     

同性恋形成机制探析

尽管人们对同性恋越来越宽容,但它仍是一种反常规现象.让现有同性恋者放弃同恋行为来减少同性恋难度很大,也不人道.在同性恋形成机制的问题上,有生理机制说和社会心理机制说.本文倾向于社会心理机制说.尝试从同性恋的社会心理机制上把同性恋分为两个形成亚型,并说明了每个亚型形成的具体过程.     

医疗纠纷处理中若干伦理问题的思考

医疗纠纷的增势和处理难已成为众所周知的事实。但是,在医疗纠纷处理中存在着医患关系的信任性、医疗事故鉴定的公正性和经济裣的合理笥是思考的伦理问题。只要医患双方、乃至社会对诸如医疗行为是否等同于一般的服务行为、病人权益是否等同于消费者权益、医疗事故鉴定是不是医医相护、经济裣能不能实行等价赔偿原则、医疗差错要不要给予经济补偿等有效为统一的认识,就会有利于医疗纠纷的处理,有利于维护医患双方的合法权益,有利