《道枢》成书及其流传三题

道教重要内丹典籍<道枢>作者曾慥广采博收,约征引古道经100余种,涉及学者140多人;该书编撰体例独特,既辑录古人论述,又有作者评述,可谓准类书;历代共有11种史志、书目收录<道枢>,是书各种版本有所差异,需要参照使用.黄永锋,四川大学道教与宗教文化研究所博士后、厦门大学哲学系讲师.     

《元气论》对佛教缘起论的融会

本文通过对唐代具有代表性的道典<元气论>的分析,参照<道教义枢>的相关论述,揭示了道教在吸收消化佛教思想过程中的变化及特点.认为佛教的中国化是道教消化解构佛教与佛教老庄化整体互动的结果.佛道教之间的相互吸收借鉴,促进了中国哲学的发展.     

道与神

"道",在道教的教义教理中居于核心位置,亦为道教的最高信仰.然而道教同时是一种神教,是信仰种种神灵的宗教.那么在道教中,道与神究竟是什么关系呢?本文就这个问题作了一些初步的探讨.认为道家的"道"给人们提供了终极关怀,这是道教崇奉老子为教主的内在根据;指出道教中视道本身为神或者神灵变化的本体,还以分气说阐明道一分多的神道观,并贯穿于修炼思想之中.文分三部份:一、先秦文献中"道"的用例和含义,以及道家的"道"在宗教信仰层面对道教的作用;二、道教信仰层面的"道"及其与神灵观念的关系;三、"道"的普世意义及其现代作用.     

道佛典籍与《封神演义》"阐教"词语关系考

本文考察了"阐教"一语在有关道教与佛教文献中的使用的例证, 有力说明了<封神演义>之"阐教"一词并非作者凭空杜撰, 而是有很深的道佛背景和渊源的, 而且作出推测:<封神>作者在为道教派别"阐教"构思命名时受到道佛人士"阐扬教义"之语和旧有"阐教"官职的双重启发.这实际上推翻了以前所谓"阐教之称,不见经传"的说法.     

试论葛洪的道教教义思想及其历史影响

道教的教理、教义有一个历史的发展过程,历代高道大德都对此做出了贡献,这其中就包括东晋时期的葛洪.下面,我们来对此做一个简单讨论. 一、葛洪以"玄"释"道",发展了先秦<老>、<庄>的形上学思想 葛洪在道教义理建构方面的一个重要贡献,就是论述了道教由人事通向天道的实践之路.道作为终极的本体,是不可言说的.     

浅论《道教义枢》的层累性特点

《道教义枢》是一部旨在“显至道之教法 ,标大义之枢要”的道教教义经典。编著者孟安排是生活于唐高宗至则天朝时期的著名道士。按照通行的观点 ,认为《道教义枢》是在借鉴先前问世道教教义巨著《玄门大义》的基础上编撰的。孟安排在《道教义枢》的序中谈及他编撰这部书的动机和方法时是这样说的 :其有支公十番支辩 ,钟生四本之谈 ,虽事玄虚 ,空论胜负。王家八并 ,宋氏四非 ,赭道正之《玄章》 ,刘先生之《通论》 ,咸存主客 ,从竟往还。至于二观三乘 ,六通四等 ,众经要旨 ,秘而未申。唯《玄门大义》盛论斯致。但以其文浩博 ,学者罕能精研 ,遂…     

《道枢》生命观初探

《道枢》集南宋前道教修炼方术之大成,内容以生命为核心,有相当完备的生命观体系。基于《道枢》在道教文献中的重要地位,梳理其中蕴含的生命智慧,对把握道教强烈的生命意识和窥探南宋前道教生命观之概况,相当有价值。本文着重从生命局限性之体认、生命超越可能性之把握、生命智慧的现代意义三个层面,对《道枢》的生命观进行探讨。 逢礼文,四川大学道教与宗教文化研究所博士研究生。     

陈景元《庄子注》中的道论

北宋著名道教学者陈景元在<庄子注>中对庄子之"道"作了新的阐释.他重点阐发了道体虚无、生化万物的特点,并将气、理等概念引入道论之中,上承隋唐重玄余绪,下启宋代二程理学,具有重要的理论意义.他从心、神、精、气的角度对道教修炼之道的发挥,也对宋元道教内丹学说产生了一定影响.     

张伯端“道禅合一”思想述评

本文认为张伯端的“道禅合一”思想,不仅为金丹派南宗的性命之学奠定了哲学理论 基础,而且其所阐发的“达本明性之道”也在一定程度上革新了道教传统的修道理论,特别是他对禅 宗“明心见性”的借鉴,提升了道教的精神超越之境,对道教的发展产生了深刻的影响。本文通过对 张伯端“道禅合一”思想的形成及其理论特点之述评,从一个侧面揭示了张伯端是如何通过引禅入道 而促进道教更新发展的。     

试析帛书《黄帝四经》"道生法"思想的内涵及意义

帛书<黄帝四经>作者提出"道生法"的观念,为其案法而治的主张奠定了坚实的理论基础.帛书"道生法"思想具有深刻的理论内涵,而其更大的意义在于提出"执道者生法"的主张,对立法之君进行限制.帛书"道生法"思想的理论归趋则是实现法制下的自然状态.     

The Human Relation With Nature and Technological Nature

ABSTRACT— Two world trends are powerfully reshaping human existence: the degradation, if not destruction, of large parts of the natural world, and unprecedented technological development. At the nexus of these two trends lies technological nature—technologies that in various ways mediate, augment, or simulate the natural world. Current examples of technological nature include videos and live webcams of nature, robot animals, and immersive virtual environments. Does it matter for the physical and psychological well-being of the human species that actual nature is being replaced with technological nature? As the basis for our provisional answer (it is "yes"), we draw on evolutionary and cross-cultural developmental accounts of the human relation with nature and some recent psychological research on the effects of technological nature. Finally, we discuss the issue—and area for future research—of "environmental generational amnesia." The concern is that, by adapting gradually to the loss of actual nature and to the increase of technological nature, humans will lower the baseline across generations for what counts as a full measure of the human experience and of human flourishing.     

Antigone's Nature

Antigone fascinates G. W. F. Hegel and Luce Irigaray, both of whom turn to her in their explorations and articulations of ethics. Hegel and Irigaray make these re‐turns to Antigone through the double and related lenses of nature and sexual difference. This essay investigates these figures of Antigone and the accompanying ethical accounts of nature and sexual difference as a way of examining Irigaray's complex relation to and creative uses of Hegel's thought.     

基因与人性:影响人性的若干基因

人类行为既受到遗传因素的影响,同时也受到环境(文化)因素的影响。近年来逐渐引起众多学科领域关注的行为遗传学研究从行为的基因关联出发,系统研究了行为的遗传因素及其基因基础,取得了令人瞩目的成绩。该文系统总结了八种人类重要行为的基因基础及其与环境因素的关系,并从基因与人性的关系角度进行了讨论。     

Marx on Nature

Ecological Marxists argue that Marx forged a view of nature compatible with more recent models of environmentalism. John Bellamy Foster argues that Marx ascribed an ecological value to nature by asserting a co-evolution between man and nature. James O＇Connor presents a more nuanced view in which Marx at best defended a conservationist defense of nature. I argue that such ecological views of Marx tend to overlook his abandonment of an ontology of nature as a totality of relations among physical objects with respect to their interactions and mutual preservation and order. He followed Kant in reducing nature, or the physical world, effectively to a regulative notion, thus reducing its value to a simply a heuristic one for judgments about and actions towards objects. But he also radicalized this reduction by envisaging nature only as a material field of fungible and consumable things, such that each thing is a mere locus of energy or force that human labor cannot substantively perfect but only change to a function. Labor in this view creates new arrangements of natural things for a singular ultimate purpose： the formation of associations of free labor. I conclude that Marx＇s thinking thus cannot be utilized to support an environmental philosophy, such as deep ecology or eco-socialism, that would posit any intrinsic value to nature.     

Contingency in Nature

Contingencies in Nature may be explained, but such explanations refer to other contingencies (pt. I). Is there a way to “explain away” all contingencies? The first physical theory of modern times, Newton’s theory of gravitation, was received in a way that leaves this question open (pt. II), while Kepler’s theory of cosmological harmony arrived at a positive solution (pt. III). However, later developments in science outdated Kepler’s approach (pt. IV).     

Thought's Social Nature

Abstract: Wittgenstein, throughout his career, was deeply Fregean. Frege thought of thought as essentially social, in this sense: whatever I can think is what others could think, deny, debate, investigate. Such, for him, was one central part of judgement's objectivity. Another was that truths are discovered, not invented: what is true is so, whether recognised as such or not. (Later) Wittgenstein developed Frege's idea of thought as social compatibly with that second part. In this he exploits some further Fregean ideas: of a certain generality intrinsic to a thought; of lack of that generality in that which a thought represents as instancing some such generality. (I refer to this below as the ‘conceptual‐nonconceptual’ distinction.) Seeing Wittgenstein as thus building on Frege helps clarify (inter alia) his worries, in the Blue Book, and the Investigations, about meaning, intending, and understanding, and the point of the rule following discussion.