刘一明道教养生哲学方法论和境界说

刘一明是清代乾嘉时期西北地区影响甚大的全真龙门派第十一代宗师。他自觉继承和发扬了魏伯阳、陈抟、张伯端、王重阳、邱长春等人的道教思想传统,阐发了独具特色的道教养生哲学思想体系。在他的道教养生哲学思想中,其方法论与境界说特别引人注目,因为在这里有较同时代其他道教养生学家更多的辩证法和修炼思想的合理因素,同时也较突出地体现出清代中期中国全真道教思想的主要特色。 (一)“人力胜天道”刘一明认为,人的形体是在虚无之“道”所派生出的“先天真一之气”的主宰之下而产生出来的。“所谓先天真一,祖气者是也。”人在母体而未生之前的胎儿状态,是最能体现“道”的至善至纯的本质     

金元时期全真女冠及在鲁西南地区的传承

金元时期鲁豫全真道教发展迅速,道教徒人数不断增多,出现了一批专门从事道教修行和传播的女教徒,称之为女冠或女官。特别是以孙不二为代表的全真女冠的出现,对道教文化的发展起到了一定的促进作用,成为金元时期道教发展的重要特点之一。鲁豫是金元全真道教活动重要区域之一,鲁西南地处山东与河南交界之处,但多年来记载全真道教,特别是道教女冠在鲁西南地区活动的实物性碑刻材料极为少见。山东菏泽沙土镇石碑王庄《高良太清观碑》记载了全真女冠任守真在鲁西南菏泽地区弘道传承之史实,对研究金元时期全真女冠的形成及道教文化的发展具有重要价值。     

白云观与道教

在北京西便门外有一座古老的道教宫观,久住北京的人们——“燕九”游人都知道它就是白云观。白云观是“全真第一丛林”,又是道教北七真中开创龙门派的丘长春真人(丘处机)的藏蜕之地,所以它还是极负盛名的全真道教“三大祖庭”之一。     

中国道教协会关于全真道传戒的规定

道教授受戒律,源远流长。自太上降授科仪,即成道教之传统。全真道传授戒法,自金、元邱长春真人订立传戒仪范以来,清顺治全真第七代律师王常月方丈又创全真丛林,开“三坛大戒”,广度弟子,弘扬律宗,重振全真之道风,成道教中兴之祖。据王常月律师《全真说戒威仪科》所订,出家道士不但要持有《度牒》,还应有《戒牒》。出家后要经过受戒仪式的考察和接受戒律教育,方可成为合格道士。戒律精严乃全真道徒言行准则,学道者当首务积善、定念、修德、理身。学道不持戒,无缘登真箓。     

依律精持 弘扬道教——读王常月《龙门心法》

在对外开放和市场经济大潮中,道教界出现了一部分人信仰淡化、戒律松弛的现象,成为道教加强自身建设所要克服的突出难题。在此背景下,重温明末清初著名道教律师、全真龙门派中兴之祖王常月的《龙门心法》,倡扬他"依律精持"的思想,学习他为了道教事业,自觉自律,努力精进的伟大人格,对提振宗风、弘扬祖道具有重要意义。     

论宋常星对《老子》的诠释与发挥

本文从真常之道、无为之德、修养之学等三方面分析了全真道龙门派第七代弟子宋常星所著<道德经讲义>的诠释思想.宋常星以"真常"解<老>,突出了真常之道"真"、"虚"、"和"的特点,并将这些特点通贯于具体的修养实践.这一诠释理路,既体现了道教老学尤其是全真道学者解<老>的一贯传统,同时也反映出道教学者在诠释<老子>过程中所作的理论探索,而全真与老学的关联,于此亦可觅获.     

道教的全真派与正一派

正道教是产生于中国的传统宗教,形成于东汉,是把古代的神仙思想、道家学说、鬼神祭祀以及占卜、符箓、禁咒等巫术综合起来的产物,所谓"道家之术,杂而多端。"道教组织形式最初为民间教团,包括五斗米道、太平道等。北宋以后,道教的流派发展为正一道、全真道、真大道、太一道、净明道等。自明清以来,道教唯存全真、正一两大派,流传至今。     

论"苦-乐","丑-美"的道教美感转化论在明清文学作品中的体现

明清时期,道教的审美思想通过大量的文学作品宣传,进一步渗透于社会文化生活之中.道教的美学观念与许多文学艺术形式相结合,由此得到具体化、形象化的艺术表达."苦-乐"的道教美感转化论通过戏剧、小说、诗歌等文学艺术形式否定了功名、事业、家庭等传统的价值观念,体现出人应超越浮生,及早修行,获真成仙才是人生之大美大乐的道教审美思想.丑-美的道教美感转化思想在明清文学小说作品中也转化为一种独特的文艺美学判断-"德"的美(道之美)才是更高的、真正的美.     

小议修真

"修真"是道教学问的总枢.对于道门中人而言,修真乃务道第一件大事."超凡人圣,得道成仙",即是修真之果证.故道门常将修道称之为"修真",将修道有成的高道称为"真人"或"高真".如南华真人庄子就称老子、关尹子为"古之博大真人".当代道教两大宗派(即正一、全真)均将"修真"作为立教本旨.可以说,"修真"是涵盖道教全体大用的核心理念.本文拟从"务道原真"、"立教本旨"、"返本开新"三个方面略作阐述.     

一本以民族音乐学方法论为基础的道乐研究专著——读孙凡《全真正韵闵谱研究》有感

<全真正韵谱辑>是我国当代第一部,也是唯一一部正式出版的全真教派的醮坛科仪音乐谱辑.它集道教音乐文化之大成,传承着我国道教音乐文化的精髓.孙凡所撰<全真正韵闵谱研究>"是我国第一本全面、系统地研究<全真正韵谱辑>的理论著作";她是采用民族音乐学方法论研究<全真正韵闵谱>的第一人.     

"Psychotherapy" versus "treatment"

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners.     

"Enmeshment" and "Fusion"

The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.     

"本体论"与"伦理学"--形而上学的两个向度

形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度".     

“对的”与“好的”

什么是“对的”,和对它的证立,是道德哲学中具有争议性的核心问题,也是效用主义和道义论间的主要差异之所在。统合效用主义对于“好的就是对的”这个陈述有一套完整周延的说法。而道义论对这个问题的证立不够周延或没有足够的说服力。     

从"管制"到"平衡"--政府与公众理想关系模式的构建及其制度化

论文从行政民主的角度探讨政府与公众之间的理想关系模式及其制度化构建过程 ,将我国在改革之前的政府与公众模式概括为管制模式。论文指出 ,在制度变迁的过程中 ,这一模式日益受到挑战。而在新的制度环境下 ,我国政府与公众的关系模式应该是平衡模式。这一模式的制度化措施包括培育自主的市民社会 ,赋予公众以独立的活动空间 ;促进行政公开 ,建立一个开放负责的政府 ;推进行政法建设 ,抑制行政恣意     

PREFERRING "HOUSEWIVES" TO "FEMINISTS"

Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women". The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists". The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants'values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between them-selves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.     

"石狮"、"风水"与"吉祥"

谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府…     

"Us" and "Them":

Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination.