THE SEDUCTIVE SUPEREGO: THE TRAUMA OF SELF-BETRAYAL

The author describes a pathological manifestation of the approving superego that functions as a perversely seductive superego. In this process, the seductive superego rationalises and makes ego-syntonic a gratification of forbidden wishes that will result in unconscious punishment. The author argues that the seductive superego torments the self by teasing it with the presence of a tantalising but forbidden object of desire and then by inflicting shame on the self for its timidity, which prevents it from pursuing the object in spite of the dangers. He suggests that the seductive superego inflicts a betrayal trauma upon the self by unconsciously actualising a sado-masochistic fantasy of seduction, surrender and betrayal, along with a humiliating punishment for surrendering.     

THE PROCRUSTES CLASS OF FACTOR-ANALYTIC TRANSFORMATIONS

The Procrustes method of deriving a reference vector structure from a principal-axes factor matrix is shown to be a class of solutions all of which obtain a transformation matrix which “rotates” the principal-axes matrix as close as possible to some desired matrix H. Various factor transformation methods, such as Promax, eigenvector rotation, as well as the classical Procrustes, differ chiefly in their rationale and method of generating H.     

DECREASING BURNED CHILDREN'S PAIN BEHAVIOR: IMPACTING THE TRAUMA OF HYDROTHERAPY

We evaluated the effects of cartoon viewing with the use of a star feedback chart on two burned children's pain behavior during their physical therapy sessions. In addition, the degree to which the observational data corresponded with physical therapists' and mothers' ratings of the children's pain, fear, and cooperativeness was examined. Using a reversal single-subject design, the results showed that the children's pain behavior substantially decreased during experimental treatment sessions compared to their baseline levels. The rating scale data indicated that the physical therapist's and mother's rating of pain, anxiety, and cooperativeness were all correlated significantly with the observational data (p < .05). The contributions of respondent and operant conditioning to the occurrence and treatment of pain behavior in burned children are discussed.     

COMMUNISM AND THE TRAUMA OF ITS COLLAPSE REVISITED

This paper focuses on the intertwinement of society and the psyche as a consequence of 70 years of Communist rule and the trauma of its collapse in the 90’s. The trauma had profound effects on the psyche. An empirical study that was carried out in 1996/1997, which compared the personality structure of adolescents from Russia and Austria, and a research dialogue in 1999, has been re-evaluated in the light of current political events. One aim that we had was to find out whether we could discover characteristic personality features, resulting from the Communist totalitarian society in Russia, as well as from the trauma of its collapse. This led to the development of the concepts of the “impersonal self” and the “denial mode”. The Russians seemed to be frozen in a protective shell with “flat” affects. They were anxious, conflict avoidant, and somewhat lost. Ideas about missing adolescence and the importance of privacy are discussed. Society was shown to not only have intruded into the individual psyche, but also into the members of the intercultural research team in the form of projective identification. The importance of the interaction between society and the individual as a basic psychoanalytic concept dating back to Freud is elaborated. Finally, considerations pertaining to mental health and democracy are presented.     

小学儿童社会创造性倾向的发展特点

对189名3-6年级小学儿童进行半结构的故事情境访谈,从独创性、适当性、有效性、流畅性、变通性、好奇性、挑战性和冒险性八个指数,考察了儿童在同伴交往、师生交往和亲子交往三种典型情境中的社会创造性倾向的发展。结果显示：（1）小学儿童的流畅性、变通性、好奇性、挑战性、冒险性与其实际的年龄呈显著正相关;（2）5、6年级儿童的流畅性和变通性显著地高于3年级,在三种情境中表现出类似特点,4年级前后可能是小学儿童社会创造性倾向发展的转折期。     

THE LONG-TERM PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND TREATMENT OF HOLOCAUST TRAUMA

The present article gives an overview of the long-term psychological effects of Holocaust traumatization on survivors and their offspring and suggests possible treatment strategies for these client populations. Based on interviews with and treatment of hundreds of such clients and on an extensive review of the literature, it also represents some of the cumulative experience of AMCHA, an Israeli treatment center devoted specifically to this issue.     

创造性思惟潜能测验的编制与试用

创造性思惟潜能测验的作用,在于探测儿童创造性思惟潜在能力发展的可能性。本测验曾对城乡二小学224名儿童进行初测、复测与口试,在量与质方面均表明测验效度颇高;并发现几个优秀儿童,思惟潜能较强,对问题反应灵敏、独出心裁,富有创造性。其道德判断亦较公平合理。对这样品学兼优的儿童,拟继续研究其发展的倾向,俾可为我们社会主义祖国现代化建设培植人才的科学根据。