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1.
Alan Maloney 《The Journal of analytical psychology》1999,44(1):101-116
Archetype Theory is consistent with the full range of empirical psychological research, yet has not itself been empirically studied. As part of a project to integrate psychological theory, especially psychotherapeutic theory, with empirical research, I asked 151 subjects to rate their preferences for images representing archetypal themes and factor analysed their responses. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that archetypal themes determine affective responses in adults. Archetype theory may prove itself to be useful in operationalizing a number of contemporary psychological theories. 相似文献
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Helen Penny Julian Walker Gisli H. Gudjonsson 《Personality and individual differences》2011,51(2):102-106
Weapons carrying and use is an area of increasing concern and frequent media attention. Despite this, there is a distinct lack of psychological research into the reasons that people carry and use weapons. At present there is no adequate measure of beliefs that facilitate carrying and using weapons and the present investigation sought to develop and validate such a tool: the Penny Beliefs Scale - Weapons (PBS-W). The PBS-W was developed using themes identified in a literature review and through consultation with experienced Forensic Psychologists. The factor structure, reliability, and validity were ascertained by administering the PBS-W to 212 school pupils in South Wales, who were aged between 16 and 18 years. The final version of the PBS-W comprises of 36 items that measure young people’s beliefs about carrying and using weapons and load onto one factor named Potency. The new scale has excellent internal reliability (Cronbach’s alpha of .92), extremely good test-retest consistency (ICC = .833), male participants scored significantly higher on the PBS-W compared with female participants, and the PBS-W is significantly positively correlated with self-reported delinquency. These findings are discussed in the context of existing literature and future potential directions for research are proposed. 相似文献
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In this Epilogue we step back from the four research lines that have been the focus of this two-part Special Issue and discuss four important themes that run through the Lanzetta research program: (1) the importance of the face as a fundamental channel of social communication, (2) the physiological nature of the information conveyed by facial expression, (3) the realization that response to facial expressions involve multiple levels of cognitive processing, and (4) the value in using multiple convergent measures and creative experimental paradigms to study complicated phenomena like emotional facial expressions. The ways in which these themes carry through the individual research lines are described, and important implications of the themes are highlighted. 相似文献
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How do men and women describe and assess their relationship? What themes are decisive for its quality and stability? To answer such questions, we investigated a random sample of 204 married couples (reference sample), and 31 married couples undergoing psychotherapy (clinical sample) using a newly developed questionnaire. The participating couples were asked to evaluate a total of 19 themes with respect to their importance for the couple's connectedness. Although only rarely directly addressed in couple therapy and in‐vestigated in couple research, the theme “Love” proved to be the decisive factor for quality and stability. The results of the present study, therefore, indicate that “Love” should be investigated more thoroughly in couple research and included more actively in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. 相似文献
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Helin Hkknen Petri Lindlf Pekka Santtila 《Journal of Investigative Psychology & Offender Profiling》2004,1(1):17-32
The crime scene actions employed by offenders in stranger rapes were analysed in relation to offender characteristics. Data were drawn from an official police database and consisted of stranger rapes occurring in Finland between 1992 and 2001 (n = 100). The structure of dichotomous variables derived through a content analysis of crime scene actions and offender characteristics were analysed with non‐metric multidimensional scaling (MDS). The first analysis revealed three separate action themes, with thematic emphases on Hostility, Involvement or Theft. The MDS‐solution for offender characteristics suggested four themes: Conventional; Psychiatric/Elderly; Criminal/Violent; and Criminal/Property. Each case was assigned to one of the themes or as a hybrid in order to analyse the associations between action themes and characteristics. The only significant association was found between the action theme, Theft and characteristics theme Criminal/Property. The results are discussed in relation to previous research. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Since the 1950s, there has been a systemic development of research on creative personality. Three themes are apparent in this literature: individual differences of creative people, the construct of creative personality, and longitudinal studies about creative personality. However, little research has been conducted in any of these areas with Chinese samples, and the purpose of this study is to study the construct of Chinese adolescents' creative personality. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted with data from 1,300 Chinese adolescents. The results provide evidence that adolescents' creative personality consists of three largely independent dimensions: Internal, External, and Self. The internal factor includes self-confidence, norm-doubt, internal motivation, and persistence; the external factor includes curiosity, risk-taking, openness and independence; the self factor pertains to self-acceptance. 相似文献
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Leticia Guarino Derek Roger Daniel Thor Olason 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2007,26(1):37-45
Neuroticism (N) assesses emotional sensitivity or lability, but the construct is poorly defined and instruments used to assess
N are marred by a number of psychometric shortcomings. Neuroticism is also described in an overtly pejorative way, with items
keyed for themes reflecting low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression. The present paper presents a revised model based on
a new questionnaire entitled the Emotional Sensitivity Scale (ESS). Using an innovative scenario technique to generate items,
exploratory factor analysis of the responses of 242 participants yielded orthogonal dimensions for positive (other-oriented)
and negative (self-centered) emotional sensitivity, and the structure was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Validation
studies showed that the ESS dimensions were related in systematic ways to related psychometric instruments and that, as predicted,
participants scoring high on the positive dimension were better able to recognize displayed emotions. The new scale offers
a basis for extending the research on emotional sensitivity using empirically discriminable positive and negative components. 相似文献
10.
Neuroticism (N) assesses emotional sensitivity or lability, but the construct is poorly defined and instruments used to assess
N are marred by a number of psychometric shortcomings. Neuroticism is also described in an overtly pejorative way, with items
keyed for themes reflecting low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression. The present paper presents a revised model based on
a new questionnaire entitled the Emotional Sensitivity Scale (ESS). Using an innovative scenario technique to generate items,
exploratory factor analysis of the responses of 242 participants yielded orthogonal dimensions for positive (other-oriented)
and negative (self-centered) emotional sensitivity, and the structure was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Validation
studies showed that the ESS dimensions were related in systematic ways to related psychometric instruments and that, as predicted,
participants scoring high on the positive dimension were better able to recognize displayed emotions. The new scale offers
a basis for extending the research on emotional sensitivity using empirically discriminable positive and negative components. 相似文献
11.
Stephen Rhodes Nelson Cowan 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2019,110(2):449-460
This special issue of the British Journal of Psychology brings together cutting edge research on a range of topics in visual working memory (VWM). In this commentary, we attempt to summarize common themes in current VWM research exemplified in this issue. The articles include several reviews of important topics as well as empirical papers covering three main themes. The first concerns the nature of mental representations of memoranda in the commonly used delayed estimation task, where both fine‐grained and broad categorical details appear to be represented, and their susceptibility to interference. The second concerns interactions between VWM representations, both those that produce individuation of representations and those that create an overarching ensemble structure. Finally, the third main topic concerns the use of VWM during visual search and in the learning of repeated configurations in search displays. The work presented here, and other work in the field, points to a rich interplay between representations in VWM but also between VWM and information in long‐term memory. Opportunities for further investigation are highlighted throughout. 相似文献
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Alison McGourty 《欧洲心理治疗、咨询与健康杂志》2013,15(1):18-31
This original paper examines the underresearched area of therapist pregnancy. It explores the impact of psychosis as an additional complicating factor to the therapeutic process and the experience of one British counselling psychologist working in the National Health Service whilst pregnant. Five brief client summaries/clinical examples are presented to explore the common themes of anger, rejection, abandonment and envy that often emerge following the disclosure of a therapist’s pregnancy or the opposite reactions of over-protectiveness and an unwillingness to engage in therapy for fear of harming the therapist. Recommendations are made for further research within this neglected area and the need to incorporate the themes within training for therapists and training for supervisors. 相似文献
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Jamie Linscott Amber L. Randolph Tony Mayle 《Adultspan: Theory Research & Practice》2016,15(2):96-108
The authors examined the role spirituality can play as a protective factor in the wellness of older adults residing in the Appalachian region of the United States. Analysis of participants' interviews identified 4 themes. These themes and implications for counselors working with Appalachian older adults are discussed. 相似文献
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Deary IJ 《The American journal of psychology》2012,125(2):145-154
A survey is made of intelligence research in the 125 years of The American Journal of Psychology. There are some major articles of note on intelligence, especially Spearman's (1904a) article that discovered general cognitive ability (g). There are some themes within intelligence on which articles appeared over the years, such as processing speed, age, and group differences. Intelligence has not been a major theme of the journal, nor has a differential approach to psychology more generally. There are periods of time--especially the 1970s--during which almost no articles appeared on intelligence. The key articles and themes on intelligence differences are discussed in detail. 相似文献
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Mary Boston 《Journal of Child Psychotherapy》2013,39(1):20-32
This paper describes the research findings that formed part of a professional doctorate in Child Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy. It explores the impact of unresolved mourning following parental death in early adolescence on subsequent adolescent development. Via reference to a single case study, it describes emergent and overlapping themes related both to the bereavement process and adolescent development, and links the themes with psychoanalytic theoretical research in both adolescent development and bereavement. It considers how these themes changed over the course of an intensive psychotherapeutic treatment. 相似文献
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Aryeh Lazar 《The International journal for the psychology of religion》2017,27(3):141-153
The dimensional structure of the Inward Outward Upward Prayer Scale was examined using exploratory factor analytic and confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) methods. A total of 703 adult Jewish pray-ers participated in the study. CFA indicated a satisfactory fit for the first-order eight-factor structure after excluding two cross-loaded items. The eight prayer subscales demonstrated acceptable levels of reliability, and the correlations between the subscales were similar to those reported in past research. CFA on second-order models indicated that a two-dimensional modality model (cognitive prayer/emotional prayer) had the best fit and was clearly superior to the directionality and intentionality models presented in past research. The implications of these findings for future research on the psychology of prayer are discussed. 相似文献
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Multidimensionality of the content of female sexual fantasy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A Female Sexual Fantasy Questionnaire (FSFQ) was developed from factor analysis of ratings through which women indicated the erotic potency of fantasies depicting nominated sexual activities. Five dimensions of sexual fantasy (genital, sensual, sexual power, sexual suffering, forbidden sexual-activity themes) are assessed by FSFQ. The extent to which themes within FSFQ were rated as sexually arousing correlated with the levels of physiological response recorded by vaginal photoplethysmography while women engaged in fantasy employing these themes. Sexual fantasy as assessed by the FSFQ correlated only moderately with scores on measures of non-sexual cognition such as the Imaginal Processes Inventory and the Betts Questionnaire Upon Mental Imagery, and women with high and low scores on FSFQ were not readily differentiated by biographic and demographic variables. Contexts in which the FSFQ can be used are discussed. 相似文献