新型农村合作医疗制度推行中的几个问题探讨

2003年我国开始了农村合作医疗的重建工作,它直接关系到中国几亿农民的健康和利益,目前仍处于大规模的试点阶段.通过对部分试点地区的实地调查研究和文献资料分析,以及新型农村合作医疗在其具体的实施过程中存在问题的探讨,对进一步发展提出了相关的政策建议,希望能对这项制度稳健和可持续的发展有所裨益.     

农村合作医疗制度的现状分析与对策思考——对铜陵县农村合作医疗试点工作的调查研究

铜陵县自2003年9月份正式实施第一轮试点方案以来,新型合作医疗试点工作已经取得了很大的成就.在调查研究的基础上,对农村合作医疗试点中的宣传状况、方案设计、管理制度、保障水平和配套政策等方面进行了客观的分析,指出了试点中存在的制度设计及制度运行问题,并针对这些问题提出了相应的对策思考.     

新型农村合作医疗补偿模式现状分析

新型农村合作医疗工作试点推广以来,各地都在探索适合本地实际的运行机制和模式.尝试在归纳我国新型农村合作医疗补偿模式的基础上,分析其发生发展的动因及机制,以供研究和实践者参考.     

新型农村合作医疗补偿模式现状分析

新型农村合作医疗工作试点推广以来,各地都在探索适合本地实际的运行机制和模式。尝试在归纳我国新型农村合作医疗补偿模式的基础上,分析其发生发展的动因度机制,以供研究和实践者参考。     

长沙市新型农村合作医疗现状与对策研究

新型农村合作医疗制度是我国农民的基本医疗保障制度,长沙市自2003开始试点,2006年全面推行,农民参合率达到84．6％,有效保障了农民能享有基本医疗卫生保健服务。通过对长沙2006年四县五区的新型农村合作医疗工作进行调查,分析了新型农村合作医疗存在的问题,提出了进一步改进的政策方案。     

浙江省新型农村合作医疗制度的实践与思考

浙江省农村合作医疗始于20世纪60年代,发展道路曲折,但对解决农民看病问题发挥过巨大的作用.浙江省新型农村合作医疗试点工作于2003年8月启动,新型农村合作医疗具有政府支持力度大、筹资机制较完善、突出大病统筹等与传统合作医疗不同的新特点.但也应该看到,新型农村合作医疗是一项复杂的社会系统工程,实践中会面临许多困难和问题.在建立此项制度的过程中,应加强宣传教育,转变观念,建立相关的法规和制度,完善筹资机制,配套抓好城乡医药卫生体制改革,以保证合作医疗制度的健康发展.     

新型农村合作医疗制度评估——以江苏省海安县为例

阐述了新型农村合作医疗的基本制度规定,包括资金来源、办理程序、就诊规定、补偿办法、组织机构以及基金监督,并在制度的框架内对新型农村合作医疗进行了评析,通过对152名农民的问卷调查,了解农民对新型农村合作医疗的基本评价,对农民参与新型农村合作医疗的吸引和排斥因素进行分析。     

新型农村合作医疗制度评估——以江苏省海安县为例

阐述了新型农村合作医疗的基本制度规定,包括资金来源、办理程序、就诊规定、补偿办法、组织机构以及基金监督,并在制度的框架内对新型农村合作医疗进行了评析,通过对152名农民的问卷调查,了解农民对新型农村合作医疗的基本评价,对农民参与新型农村合作医疗的吸引和排斥因素进行分析.     

新型农村合作医疗制度创新测度指标体系研究

为了对新型农村合作医疗制度创新状况进行客观、准确的测度,在汲取有关公共服务创新理论的基础上,结合新型农村合作医疗制度创新状况,探索构建新型农村合作医疗制度创新测度指标体系,以促进新型农村合作医疗绩效的提高。     

浅谈新型农村合作医疗的几点做法

我国新型农村合作医疗的实施取得了一定的效果,截至2005年年底江苏省所有县全部建立了新型农村合作医疗,本文以铜山县2004年度合作医疗实践为例,从筹资机制与力度、法律法规保证、门诊住院补偿比例与力度、预防保健的重视等方面提出几点做法,从而使合作医疗的运行更趋合理.     

国外癌症患者疾病获益感的研究现状及启示

虽然癌症及其治疗会给患者带来一些消极的心理后遗症,但是许多患者也从他们的患病经历中发现了对他们有益的变化。积极心理学家将此益处相关的认知命名为疾病获益感,即特定疾病经历中感知到益处。研究发现这种认知有助于患者的疾病适应,使患者积极乐观地面对生活。目前,癌症患者的疾病获益感已受到广泛关注,并应用于相关研究。本文通过综述国外研究中疾病获益感的内涵,测量工具及干预模式,以探讨其对国内癌症患者心理护理的启示。     

我国整形美容外科及医学美容技术发展的辩证思考

整形美容事业的飞速发展带来了一些问题。回顾历史,整形美容外科及医学美容技术的发展是在实践、认识,再实践、再认识的过程中不断发展的;但发展过快并非好事,作为整形美容外科医生,在工作当中必须坚持一切从实际出发,辩证地认识问题,解决问题,使整形美容外科及医学美容技术保持良好的发展势头,更好地为患者服务。     

Early Confucian Principles: the Potential Theoretic Foundation of Democracy in Modern China

The subtle and complex relation between Confucianism and modern democracy has long been a controversial issue, and it is now again becoming a topical issue in the process of political modernization in contemporary China. This paper argues that there are some quite basic early Confucian values and principles that are not only compatible with democracy, but also may become the theoretic foundation of modern democracy in China. Early Confucianism considers ‘the people's will’ as the direct representative of ‘Heaven's will’, with which it legitimizes political power. Confucian theory of ‘human nature is good’ endorses equal potential good for every man. These principles can be used in reasoning towards a system of democracy. In terms of decision-making, the Confucian ‘Doctrine of the Mean’ accords with certain democratic principles. The independent personality and committed individualism advocated by early Confucianism is a required civic merit in a democratic society. These fundamental Confucian principles, through contemporary hermeneutics, may provide a philosophic grounding for democracy and support the construction of a democratic system with a Chinese dimension. To get democracy rooted in the spirit of traditional Chinese culture will benefit the healthy and smooth development of democracy in China.     

The impact of development of population-based study in the biomedical field on laws and regulations: a cross-strait experience on biobank development

Together with the completion of the Human Genome Project, biomedical research has marched into the "Post-Genomic Era." In order to take advantage of this extracted gene related information extensively and precisely so as to realize man's biological phenomena as well as the mechanism of pathogenesis, consequentially, a large scale sample collection of different geological areas and/or ethnic groups becomes necessary for the future population based genetic research of a country and, in turn, the construction of population-based genetic database (Biobank). In recent years, both mainland China and Taiwan have not only made great progress in information and computation technologies, but have also gradually taken a close look into the quality of medicine delivery. Thus, it becomes unavoidable for both sides to create each one's population-based genetic databases (Biobank). Theoretically speaking, the Biobank development shall benefit the study on the correlation between genes and disease and also the solution for disease treatment as well. At the same time, medical diagnostic technology has also been significantly improved. It is believable that the population-based genetic database might be utilized to promote medical quality and to reduce the cost of public health delivery. Further; in the near future, it might become the "raw materials "for medical research application. However when taking promotion of public welfare as the premises for a Biobank development, the severe and multi challenge occurred against the traditional legal rules in terms of the privacy protection, public trust development, the compliance of informed consent principle, the implementation of benefit-sharing doctrine and the possible discrimination concern about the population/participants selection and some other ELSI issues. In this paper, the major legal issues encountered by the Biobank development will first be reviewed accompanied by the background information concerning the Biobank development scenario crossing the Taiwan Strait. Also, mainly following the realm of comparative policy or legal approaches, the paper learning from the fruits of this comparative study, tries to propose some recommendations for future legislative consideration by both mainland China and Taiwan. It's been this author's wish that, when establishing a large scale population based Biobank, the promotion of public trust shall be placed as the primary goal together with the emphasis on supporting publicity and transparency on the administrative practices, so as to encourage the public participation in observing the principle of altruism and, in turn, benefit the future biomedicine development.     

试论我国人才测评事业的发展

本文在简要回顾西方人才测评发展历史的基础上,对我国人才测评事业的发展过程进行分析,提出三个不同的发展阶段及其特点。最后在总结经验的基础上,指出我国人才测评事业发展中存在的问题并提出建议。     

Biases in children's and adults' moral judgments

Two experiments examined biases in children's (5/6- and 7/8-year-olds) and adults' moral judgments. Participants at all ages judged that it was worse to produce harm when harm occurred (a) through action rather than inaction (omission bias), (b) when physical contact with the victim was involved (physical contact principle), and (c) when the harm was produced as a direct means to an end rather than as an unintended but foreseeable side effect of the action (intention principle). The youngest participants, however, did not incorporate benefit when making judgments about situations in which harm to one individual resulted in benefit to five individuals. Older participants showed some preference for benefit resulting from action (commission) as opposed to inaction (omission). The findings are discussed in the context of the theory that moral judgments result, in part, from the operation of an inherent, intuitive moral faculty compared with the theory that moral judgments require development of necessary cognitive abilities.     

医学影像学高等教育的发展空间探讨

根据我国医学影像学高等教育的发展历史、现状和医学影像学的人才市场分析,论证了该专业存在的空间,就其今后的发展谈了自己的看法,以期对我国医学影像学教育提供参考.     

Attachment Theory, Religious Beliefs, and the Limits of Reason

This paper takes a new look at Freud’s critique of religious beliefs and wishes from the perspective of current attachment theory, particularly with reference to Peter Fonagy. By reconceptualizing Freud’s critique, it can be argued that he anticipated some current empirical studies in religiosity and attachment, and that his critique accurately describes the religiosity of insecurely attached individuals. The paper argues that current social theories, especially as represented in the work of Jürgen Habermas, about religion and its role in politics and the public sphere could benefit from incorporating insights from attachment theory.     

退休规划的研究现状和本土化发展

退休规划是个体在退休前为保障将来的退休生活做出的长期准备。退休规划不仅有利于退休人员生活幸福, 还有助于缓解社会保障体系的压力, 在较早进入老龄化的国家已经得到重视。通过回顾国外相关研究, 本文归纳出退休规划的六个具体领域(财务、健康、社交休闲、工作、心理、居住), 总结并评价了过去研究应用的主要理论基础(角色理论、计划过程理论、资源视角、生态系统理论)和有代表性的测量工具。汇总分析了退休规划在人口学、环境和心理三层面上的影响因素以及对过渡型就业和退休适应两阶段的影响。基于研究概念的发展以及中国国情, 未来研究应该首先开发本土化工具, 合理选择理论视角并系统研究规划的各个领域, 验证并创新退休规划的影响因素研究, 注重中国国情问题并加强干预研究。     

浅谈产科镇痛与人文关怀

实施无痛分娩是对每位产妇最贴切的人文关怀,每位产妇都有享受这种关怀的权利,而在我国分娩镇痛仍未普遍采用.通过实际案例及产科镇痛发展史,论证了当今实施产科镇痛的必要性及技术条件的成熟性,剖析了当今实施此技术的人为及社会障碍,并提出了解决这一问题的方法和途径.