从尊重自主原则谈患者隐私权的保护

临床见习对整个医院医学体系维持、运行和发挥功能起着很重要的作用,但在具体实践中与患者的隐私权发生冲突时,又该如何保护患者的隐私权?以案件为例进行伦理分析,并通过伦理论辩求证"尊重自主原则"是保护患者隐私权的主要原则.     

湖北省保健干部健康状况主要影响因素分析

临床见习对整个医院医学体系维持、运行和发挥功能起着很重要的作用,但在具体实践中与患者的隐私权发生冲突时,又该如何保护患者的隐私权?以案件为例进行伦理分析,并通过伦理论辩求证"尊重自主原则"是保护患者隐私权的主要原则。     

患者隐私权法律保护研究述评

患者的隐私权益能够体现患者人格尊严和价值,对于医学研究、公共健康保护具有积极意义。现有的关于患者隐私权法律保护相关研究包括:隐私权定义、患者隐私类型、患者隐私权保护机制、患者隐私权保护的限制及利益协调机制、患者隐私权易被侵犯原因分析、患者隐私保护需求顺位和患者隐私侵权构成要件等研究。关于患者隐私权的研究因为法律文化、立法传统等多种原因的不同而各异,目前的研究还没有达成共识;缺乏系统化、理论化的研究;有些研究还有待深入。     

患者隐私权保护三题

隐私权从传统的消极防御功能发展出兼有积极支配功能的双重属性,内容包括隐私隐瞒权、隐私利用权、隐私维护权和隐私支配权。患者隐私权的四项权能对应《侵权责任法》第六十二条、第六十一条、第五十五条和第五十六条,构建出完整的患者隐私权保护规范体系。患者隐私权被侵犯的实质表现形式是医院侵犯其知情同意权,患者隐私可以分为两部分,医疗机构对正常范围的隐私知悉不构成侵权;超出正常的隐私让渡范围时,医疗机构必须取得患者的知情同意。患者隐私权与第三人利益、公共利益发生冲突时,应作出相应的让位。     

患者隐私权的研究现状与保护进展

患者隐私权是患者的一项重要人格权。世界范围内病人权利运动的广泛开展及公民个人隐私保护意识的逐渐增强,使患者隐私权越来越受到关注。目前学者们对患者的隐私和隐私权看法各异,现行法律也没有统一明确的界定。但国内外对患者隐私权的研究与保护都有不同程度的关注与进展,并在法律上予以体现。     

患者隐私权的法学思考

结合法学理论、医疗实践和目前患者隐私权的法律保护现状,就侵权行为、民事责任的认定以及隐私权的限制等问题予以理论阐释,并提出了切实可行的保护措施,如建立健全相关法律法规、医务人员要增强法律保护意识等,以期为患者隐私权的保护提供有益的参考。     

患者隐私杈的法学思考

结合法学理论、医疗实践和目前患者隐私权的法律保护现状,就侵权行为、民事责任的认定以及隐私权的限制等问题予以理论阐释,并提出了切实可行的保护措施,如建立健全相关法律法规、医务人员要增强法律保护意识等,以期为患者隐私权的保护提供有益的参考。     

浅析辅助生殖技术中患者隐私权与配偶知情权的冲突与协调

在辅助生殖技术治疗中,当患者隐私权与配偶知情权出现交集时,二者容易发生冲突,主要表现为患者婚前不洁性史或孕产史、婚前孕育问题、婚外情等隐私与配偶知情权的冲突。利益冲突、权利认识不一致以及权利边界模糊是导致辅助生殖技术治疗中患者隐私权与配偶知情权发生冲突的主要原因。协调二者的冲突,应遵循利益衡量原则与权利位阶原则;优先配置患者隐私权同时兼顾配偶知情权,不断完善相关立法以及提高患者及其配偶的医疗认识与权利认识。     

关于临床实践教学中患者隐私权的调查与分析

临床实践教学中患者隐私权的界定与保护一直是舆论界和学术界争论的问题之一.通过发放调查问卷,综合分析患者、医学生及带教医生对这一问题的观点,为解决这一争议进行了理性的思考,并给出了合理的建议.     

自由、自主、生育权与处境论(下)

“Ｅｉｓｅｎｓｔａｄｔｖ .Ｂａｉｒｄ”的判决指出 ,生育不仅是受精 ,还包括继续怀孕 ,因此此案其实预审了 1973年的ＲｏｅｖＷａｄｅ案 ,后者被认为是“近年来美国最高院裁决的最重要、最具争议性也是最著名的案子” ,在这个美国历史上最重大的生育权案例中 ,高院根据一系列有关个人隐私权或者对私人某些领域的保护的案例 ,确认“隐私权”存在于美国宪法第十四项修正条款中有关个人自由和限制政府行为的概念之中。并由此认为 ,这种权利“极其广泛 ,可以包括妇女是否终止怀孕的决定。”然而法院同时又宣称 ,妇女的隐私权和堕胎权并不是绝…     

PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES OF PRIVACY: IMPLICATIONS FOR AN ADEQUATE ONLINE PRIVACY POLICY

Abstract: This essay critically examines some classic philosophical and legal theories of privacy, organized into four categories: the nonintrusion, seclusion, limitation, and control theories of privacy. Although each theory includes one or more important insights regarding the concept of privacy, I argue that each falls short of providing an adequate account of privacy. I then examine and defend a theory of privacy that incorporates elements of the classic theories into one unified theory: the Restricted Access/Limited Control (RALC) theory of privacy. Using an example involving data‐mining technology on the Internet, I show how RALC can help us to frame an online privacy policy that is sufficiently comprehensive in scope to address a wide range of privacy concerns that arise in connection with computers and information technology.     

临床隐私保护的案例分析

通过明确医疗活动中病人隐私权的涵义,结合案例,分析新形势下医疗活动中医院、医务人员应如何保护病人的隐私,防止病人隐私权受到侵犯。     

Email, voicemail, and privacy: What policy is ethical?

Business people repeatedly asked Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (CPSR) to recommend a policy to deal with email and voicemail. After many such requests to our organization, we attempted to construct guidelines that we could endorse. This paper outlines the guidelines that we proposed and the public reaction to them. The paper discusses the tensions inherent in a business environment, and the means of identifying ethical behavior for both companies and their employees. A version of this paper was presented at ETHICOMP98, the Fourth International Conference on Ethical Issues of Information Technology, March 25–27, 1998. Erasmus University, the Netherlands. Dr. Woodbury is the former Chair of CPRS. Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility. She is also a curriculum developer and faculty member of the Information Group of the Women’s International University (ifu) in Germany in 2000.     

The Duty to Protect: Privacy and the Public University

This article addresses the tensions between the sense of responsibility that university administrators feel to protect student privacy with the requirement to be accountable and transparent to the public. This discussion is placed in the context of the history and purpose of post-secondary education.     

Comparison of Privacy Consciousness Between Younger and Older Adults

The degree of being conscious about privacy for the self and others is known as privacy consciousness. This study aimed to compare privacy consciousness between younger and older adults. Japanese younger (n = 166) and older (n = 145) adults were requested to rate all items in the Privacy Consciousness Scale, which assessed their degree of consciousness about privacy for the self and others and behaviors for maintaining privacy based on this consciousness. Results indicated that older adults scored lower on Consciousness Regarding Privacy of Others and higher on Behaviors Regarding Privacy of Others than younger adults. However, no significant difference was found in Consciousness and Behaviors Regarding Privacy of the Self between younger and older adults.     

论保护基因隐私需要引入权利形式

基因技术的发展将基因隐私保护问题摆在人类面前,"采用怎样的方式才能有效保护基因隐私"是一个亟待解决的疑问.从分析侵犯基因隐私所带来的社会危害出发,对"权利形式是否适用于保护基因隐私"这一问题进行分析,并得出肯定性结论.     

Do Children Have Privacy Rights in the Classroom?

Arguing that everyone has a right to privacy as control overaccess to `intimate' aspects of one's life, this author draws on thework of Julie Inness to discuss children's rights to privacy inclassrooms. Even if it is agreed that pupils should exercise this right,a central point is that there may be moral or other value considerationsthat justify setting the right aside. Among selected complexities, animportant extension is the right to psychological processes throughwhich learners acquire new knowledge.     

柏拉图和亚里士多德的经济伦理思想比较

经济是城邦的基础,德性却是引导经济运行和发展的必要条件,这是柏拉图和亚里士多德的共同点。然而,私有制和公有制是两实现经济与道德和谐关系的不同手段,这种差别在某种意义上是其平等现不同的结果。