唐代道举制度述略

道举制度是唐代实行的一项考试制度,即修习道家经典并以此开科取士.本文考察了唐代道举设置、开科情况和为道举培养人才的机构--崇玄学、崇玄馆的基本情况;介绍了 "明四子科"制举;最后阐释了唐代道举制度的意义.     

兵家哲学:《孙子兵法》决策原则分析

谋略思想 ,亦即决策理论 ,是《孙子兵法》的核心内容及其精华之所在。本文从十个方面对贯穿全书的决策原则进行了系统梳理和详细分析。认为 ,《兵法》所提出的决策要符合民众的利益、一切决策必须以客观实际为基础、决策者要全面地辩证地考虑各种因素 ,选择最优方案 ,务求“全胜” ,在实施决策过程中 ,对实施决策主体要予以关心、要重视决策反馈 ,因时因地调整决策方案以及要重视决策者素质的提高、品性的修养 ,决策者必须具有广博的知识并必须精通各种机变的运用 ,通“九变之利”等决策原则 ,对于我们今天的决策理论和决策实践仍然有着巨大的借鉴作用和指导功能     

道德与自然:"形上之道"与"形而上学"的本质区别

Both thinkings on Dao in Chinese philosophy and metaphysics in Western philosophy investigate things on a spiritual level that transcends experience, but there are incommensurable differences between them. The objective of “metaphysics” is ontological knowledge about nature from the perspective of epistemological “truth-pursuing”. Western metaphysics is thus a “metaphysics of nature”. Dao in Chinese philosophy, on the other hand, more often manifests itself in “good-pursuing” by means of the internal, experiential pursuit of moral stature and spiritual security. Philosophy of Dao is thus a “metaphysics of ethics”. The cause of this difference can be traced back to the differences between the rational tradition of the West, characterized by the dualism of the subject and the object, and the moral tradition of China, characterized by the integration of man and nature. __________ Translated by Zhang Lin from Lunlixue yanjiu 伦理学研究 (Studies in Ethics), 2007, (4): 62–65     

道德与自然:"形上之道"与"形而上学"的本质区别

在中国传统“形上之道”与西方“Metaphysics（形而上学）”两者都是对超经验的形上事物的研究,但是也存在着根本的不可通约的区别：“形而上学”是着眼于从认识论求“真”的角度来研究的关于自然本体论的“知识”,即“自然形而上学”;而中国的“形上之道”更多地表现为求“善”的内心体验式的对道德境界的追求和精神寄托,即“道德形而上学”。产生区别的内在原因是传统西方以“主客两分”为特征的理性传统与传统中国以“天人合一”为特征的德性传统的不同。