Pour la suppression pure et simple du régime des accidents du travail

«quo On disait autrefois, en Angleterre, que le Droit est un âne. S'agissant de l'indemnisation du dommage corporel, la France a fait beaucoup mieux : notre droit est franchement imbécile. Il s'agit maintenant de se donner les moyens de se sortir de cette situation : cela est tout à fait à notre portée ». C'est sur ces mots que s'achève le percutant rapport du docteur Louis Mélennec Pour une loi unique d'indemnisation du handicap et du dommage corporel, et pour l'abolition des systèmes actuels (responsabilité civile, accidents du travail, pensions d'invalidité dont Médecine & Droit publie ici quelques bonnes pages. L'auteur y analyse et dénonce avec force les incohérences du système français d'indemnisation du handicap et du dommage corporel et préconise la reconstruction d'un système unitaire harmonieux et cohérent. « Ce rapport, d'une inexorable sévérité, étayée par l'analyse intellectuelle et l'expérience personnelle de l'auteur, devrait-il obliger aussi bien les pouvoirs publics² que les spécialistes du droit social et les juristes du dommage corporel à une réflexion sans concession sur toutes les incohérences ainsi stigmatisées åquo.     

Leadership transformationnel du superviseur et solitude professionnelle des employés

Based on the multifactor leadership theory (Bass, 1985), the study aims at testing the relationship between dimensions of transformational leadership (charisma, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, contingent reward, management-by-exception, laisser-faire) and employees’ loneliness. Participants were 288 adults employed across several organizations. A path analysis with structural equation modeling was performed to test the relationship between dimensions of leadership and loneliness. All relationships were significant except between charisma and loneliness. The results tend to shed light on the importance of transformational leadership in explaining loneliness at work.     

Déterminants et conséquences du workaholisme chez des salariés français

The first purpose of the present research was to test the indirect effects of perfectionism (i.e., self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism) on workaholism (i.e., working excessively and working compulsively) through controlled motivation. The second aim was to examine the links between the two dimensions of workaholism, perceived stress, burnout, and work-family conflict. Two hundred seventy-three French employees completed a questionnaire assessing these different dimensions. Correlation analyses were conducted and provided preliminary support for our hypotheses. We then tested a mediational model through path analysis. Results revealed that both forms of perfectionism were positively linked to controlled motivation that in turn, was associated with high levels of workaholism. They also showed that working excessively and working compulsively positively related to perceived stress, burnout, and work-family conflict. These results are in line with our hypotheses. Theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed.     

Valorisation du multilinguisme et de l’éducation bilingue dans des familles immigrantes

In this article, we explore the values attributed to multilingualism and bilingual education expressed in interviews with immigrant parents whose children are enrolled in French Immersion programs in the Vancouver metropolitan area. Our analysis indicates that language socialization and language learning encompass more than the transmission of values, practices, and language repertoires to include a collective construction of new practices and language identities. Furthermore, a dialectic of integration and resistance to assimilation appears to underlie the actions of these parents who foster multilingualism in their children as part of a national and international integration strategy.     

L’habilitation des salariés : le rôle du supérieur et des collègues

Organizational initiatives to empower employees have limited success if they are supported only by top managers. The goal of this study is to examine how two actors in the workers’ proximal social environment, the supervisor and colleagues, contribute to employee empowerment. A questionnaire study was conducted with a sample of 418 workers relying both on psychological and behavioral self-report measures of employee empowerment. Multiple regressions revealed that contributions from the supervisor and colleagues are distinct, additive and interact in a synergic way to increase employee empowerment. These results suggest that it is important to foster favorable conditions in the workers’ proximal social environment to instill employee empowerment.     

Contribution d’une catégorisation des RPS à la prédiction du stress et du burnout (ou du mal-être au travail) des soignants

Health-care professionals are strongly affected by distress at work. Our goal is to study the usefulness of a psychosocial risk measure, compared to a measure of psychosocial and organizational work constraints, on the prediction of distress among a population of caregivers. This measure is based on the categorization of psychosocial risk factors issued from the College of experts chaired by Gollac. Seven hundred and fifty-seven health-care professionals filled out a questionnaire composed of measures of psychosocial risks, psychosocial and organizational work constraints specific to caregivers, as well as stress and burnout. Results indicate that the measure of psychosocial risk better predicted the levels of stress and burnout than the measure of psychosocial and organizational work constraints.     

Impact du célibat géographique des marins sur le conflit travail-famille et la satisfaction professionnelle

The goal of this research is to study the impact of geographical celibacy on work-family conflict and job satisfaction. Indeed, we made the hypotheses that geographical celibates will have more negative feeling toward these two concepts. In order to test these hypothesis, 5298 sailors of the French Navy answered a questionnaire that measured job satisfaction and work-family conflict. Results show that there are differences and that geographical celibates feel more conflict than non-geographical celibates. Moreover, they are less satisfied by their job. This study allows us to question the relevance of this status in a military institution where mobility is particularly high.     

Le bien-être psychologique au travail des professionnels du médical et du paramédical : rôles des échanges leader-membres,du soutien organisationnel perçu,du sentiment d’efficacité et médiations par la satisfaction des besoins psychologiques

This research aims to study the relationships between the perceived organizational support, the leader-member exchange (LMX), and the feeling of general self-efficacy with the psychological well being at work (PWBW) in the medical and para-medical environment. We also tested the indirect effects of satisfaction psychological of autonomy, competence and affiliation in the relationship between these predictors and PWBW. A total of 175 participants from the medical and para-medical sectors completed a questionnaire. The results showed that all predictors positively correlated with PWBW. Mediation analyzes showed that need satisfaction had a mediating effect on the relationships between inductors and PWBW. Finally, leader-member exchanges (LMX) and general self-efficacy promoted PWBW, and the satisfaction of the three psychological need systematically played a mediating role.