从伽达默尔哲学诠释学看朱熹经典诠释学

伽达默尔是西方诠释学顶峰时期的代表人物,朱熹的经典诠释学也达到了中国经典诠释的高峰。两者在理论上有着相似性,如哲学诠释学与经典诠释学的本体、伽达默尔的前见理论与朱熹关于理解之蔽的论述、实践智慧等。由此分析并比较两位大师的诠释理论,从中找出共同之处与互补之处,可以促进中西方诠释理论的发展。     

Theological Hermeneutics

Book reviewed:
Recovering Theological Hermeneutics: An Incarnational-Trinitarian Theory of Interpretation , Jen Zimmerman, Baker 2004 (0-8010-2727-6), pp. 345, Hb £17.99     

Hermeneutics and Sport

Hermeneutics is the exploration of the process of textual interpretation. As such, it has long been recognised as an important component within the humanities and social sciences, whether one deals with actual texts or with other the products of meaningful human activity, including social actions and utterances. Here, we offer a brief overview of the contribution that hermeneutics might make to the philosophy of sport. If sports and sporting events are seen to be the results of meaningful human interactions, then they are meaningful phenomena that lend themselves to interpretation. It can thus be argued that a hermeneutics of sport is a valid and important discipline, worthy of consideration and development. We offer a review of the nature and history of hermeneutics in general, briefly exploring the place of key figures such as Schleiermacher, Heidegger, Gadamer and Riceour, as well as key concepts such as that of the hermeneutic circle. In addition, we suggest the importance of a hermeneutics of suspicion, grounded in the work of Marx, Freud and Nietzsche. In the second part of our introduction, we briefly comment on each of the papers that comprise the current volume, and that reflect the diversity of approaches that a hermeneutics of sport might embrace.     

怀疑的解释学

本文从利科的"怀疑的解释学"引出一个对解释学的怀疑问题的更加宽泛的思考,强调任何解释学都是对怀疑意识的克服,从近代到现代的西方解释学的发展都表明了这一点。当代的现象学的出发点是直观的"被给予性",而不是某种先入为主的基础。现象学的被给予性是超越传统基础主义的,它同时也是对怀疑主义的超越,它的怀疑是笛卡尔似的。伽达默尔似乎不满于利科过于执着于怀疑的解释学与信心解释学的对峙和差别,而要将两者统一起来,即置怀疑的解释学于信心解释学之中,虽然他在本文中并没有明确使用"信心解释学"这个词。对于伽达默尔来说,从怀疑到信心,是通过辩证法来实现的,而他眼里的辩证法被解释学化了,并与现象学对接,它涵盖对话、解释学的应用、实践智慧和视域融合等因素,伽达默尔突出从中引发出来的"分享"概念,强调理解作为一种参与是"分享",而不是独占,它不是获取部分,而是获取整体,人类的文明、文化就是这样发展起来的,类似滚雪球,越滚越大。     

Feminism and Hermeneutics

Feminists often look to postmodern philosophy for a framework within which to treat difference. We might more productively look to a hermeneutic philosophy that emphasizes the interpretive dimensions of difference and allows us to acknowledge the partiality of our understanding. Hence, we might also recognize the importance of a hermeneutic conversation unconstrained by relations of power or ideology in which all nonexclusionary interpretive voices can be educated by one another.     

论施特劳斯的解释学视域

施特劳斯的思想依托在对经典作品的解释之上,也提出了一套自己的解释学原则和方法,相对于流行的哲学解释学而言,可称为经典解释学。这种解释学的前提或出发点就在于哲学与政治、政治哲学和政治神学的永恒冲突,由此而提出了矛盾方法、文学形式和深度观察等解释学的新视域。在这种新视域中,才有可能“确如过去思想家理解自己那样去理解他们”,从而真正地学会聆听。     

解释学与中国哲学

随着解释学 (Ｈｅｒｍｅｎｅｕｔｉｃｓ,又译诠释学 )在中国的传播和研究的日益深入 ,作为一种具有普遍意义的文本诠释的方法 ,它越来越受到学术界的重视。除了译介和阐发伽达默尔、利科尔等解释学大师的理论之外 ,海内外学者也试图在普泛化理解的背景下 ,把解释学和中国传统思想的研究结合起来 ,并尝试建立具有中国特色的诠释论体系和诠释学方法。下面我们以傅伟勋、成中英、黄俊杰、汤一介等 4位先生的工作为例 ,来看一下这股趋势的一般状况和可能的发展前景。一、傅伟勋的“创造的诠释学”在华人学者当中 ,傅伟勋教授 (1 933- 1 996 )是…     

狄尔泰与现代解释学

在西方解释学的发展过程中,狄尔泰是一个非常重要的人物。他不仅充分认识到施莱尔马赫的解释学在哲学研究中的重要性,而且把解释学由单纯的文本研究扩展到对现实世界中的人(Mensch)的研究,创造了所谓“生命解释学”(d ie Hermeneutik des Lebens)。狄尔泰因此不仅赋予了解释学以方法论的意义,而且还承认解释学就是哲学的过程,从而使解释学具有了认识论的意义。正是在狄尔泰的努力下,解释学才由传统解释学进展到当代的伽达默尔的所谓哲学解释学。一作为施莱尔马赫的再传弟子,狄尔泰的哲学生涯开始于施莱尔马赫研究。还是在读书期间,他撰写…