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小学生心理健康教育探索 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
在现代社会身与心健康的人才能称之为一个健康的人.小学教育须重视对小学生的心理健康教育。最近几年.华东师范大学附属小学非常重视开展对全体学生的心理健康教育。在华东师范大学心理学教授的直接指导下。成立了心理健康辅导室.选择了两个班进行心理健康教育的试点,课题组有关教师共同探讨研究。进行了一系列的探索。 相似文献
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《Journal of personality assessment》2013,95(3):596-606
Roy Schafer 's Psychoanalytic Interpretation in Rorschach Testing has, for nearly 40 years, represented a hallmark of psychodynamically informed psychological assessment. In this article, Schafer's contribution is reviewed in light of recent contributions to the Rorschach literature. Following a summary of the main sections of the work, Schafer's approach to the Rorschach is critically re-examined from the perspective of modem assessment practice. Differences between the epistemological bases of psychoanalytic and empirical methods of Rorschach interpretation are highlighted, and the prospects for an integration of these two approaches are considered. It is concluded that Schafer's contribution remains as fresh today as when written 40 years ago. 相似文献
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Thomas Oakland 《Psychologie appliquee》2004,53(2):157-172
Les aspects internationaux du développement et de l'usage des tests sont traités ici, en particulier pour situer les articles de cette édition spéciale. On présente succinctement l'utilisation internationale des tests ainsi que l'histoire, l'impact des conditions externes et internes, les normes et les lignes directrices du développement et de l'usage des tests. On parle aussi des organisations régionales et internationales actives dans le domaine du développement et de l'usage des tests, sans oublier les initiatives de structures comme la Commission Internationale des Tests.
International aspects of test development and use are described, in part, to provide a context for other articles in this special issue. The history of test development and use, external and internal conditions that impact test development and use, test use internationally, together with standards and guidelines for test development and use are summarised. Regional and international organisations providing leadership in test development and use as well as leadership efforts by the International Test Commission and others are discussed. 相似文献
International aspects of test development and use are described, in part, to provide a context for other articles in this special issue. The history of test development and use, external and internal conditions that impact test development and use, test use internationally, together with standards and guidelines for test development and use are summarised. Regional and international organisations providing leadership in test development and use as well as leadership efforts by the International Test Commission and others are discussed. 相似文献
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当前心理测验的应用问题与伦理规范 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
心理测验法在心理学研究中是一种常用的方法,但是,这种方法的应用价值受到诸多条件的限制。本文从经典测验理论出发回顾了影响心理测验应用价值的一些因素,并对心理测验的使用者做了重点分析,指出只有经过培训并获得相关资格者才能管理心理测验,而且施测者应该从自身与被测者之间的关系出发,严格地遵循心理测验的伦理价值,并在法律的规范下使用心理测验,才能充分地体现心理测验的真正价值。 相似文献
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1 引言 自 1 985年 ,在北京第八中学办起了超常儿童教学实验班 ,是用来满足超常儿童特点的特殊教学。十几年来 ,已有五个班的小学生在短期完成了初高中全部教学、升学的工作 ,应该说 ,这样的特殊教学对超智儿童的早期开发有积极意义。少儿班学生达到了知识的“超常”是有目共睹的 ,西方一些教育心理专家对这样的特殊教学效果也点头称是。现在的研究是采用多种能力测验考察进入一段教学后高智力学生的智能心态 ,为保持和修改超常儿童中学教学提供参考依据。《鉴别超常儿童认知能力测验》是查子秀研究员1 986年主编的智能测验。该测验分出… 相似文献
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本研究采取实验的方法探讨心理测验的结果与主观印象一致或冲突时,考官对求职者评价的改变程度.为此,本研究设计了以上两种实验情景的招聘实验.结果表明,心理测验已成为考官评分时的重要考虑因素;对于不同专业的被试,在两种不同的实验情景下,对心理测验结果的判断有不同标准. 相似文献
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L. J. SHRUM 《人类交流研究》1996,22(4):482-509
This study tested whether the accessibility of information in memory mediates the cultivation effect (i.e., the effect of television viewing on social perceptions), consistent with the availability heuristic (Tversky & Kahneman, 1973). Accessibility was operationalized as the time needed to generate frequency estimates of the real-world prevalence of crime, marital discord, and particular occupations. The independent variable was amount of soap opera viewing, and the study used only very heavy (5 or more hours per week) and very light (zero hours per week) viewers. Heavy viewers gave significantly higher frequency estimates (cultivation effect) and responded significantly faster (accessibility effect) than did light viewers, replicating the findings of Shrum and O'Gunn (1993). Soap opera viewing also had an indirect effect on the frequency estimates of crime and occupational prevalence through its effect on response latency, supporting the notion of accessibility as a mediating variable. No such mediating effect was noted for marital discord estimates. 相似文献
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Sara Staats 《Ethics & behavior》2013,23(4):239-247
This experiment uses quantitative and qualitative measures to address the effect of two syllabus statements on academic misconduct: one based on prohibitions and one on academic integrity. Students expressed favorable attitudes toward the statements, showed an increase in guilt compared to a control group, but showed no decrease in intentions to cheat. Including only a standard academic misconduct statement in one's syllabus is not sufficient to alter behavior, which should be acknowledged by faculty. 相似文献
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本研究介绍并引进了现代测量理论中的前沿技术—— 多维项目反应理论, 采用MCMC算法实现了其参数估计; 并将MIRT应用于瑞文高级推理测验, 以探讨MIRT在心理测验中的具体应用。研究结果表明:(1)本研究自主编制的MIRT参数估计程序基本可行, 其估计的精度与国外研究结论相当甚至更好。(2)在测验维度和样本容量两因素完全随机实验设计下(2×3), 随着被试和题目样本容量的增加, MIRT参数估计的精度越高且估计的稳定性越强; 但随着测验维度的增加, MIRT参数估计精度和稳定性均随之降低。(3)MIRT对心理测验的分析比UIRT能提供更为精确和细致的信息。它对心理测验的编制、开发及评价具有重要的指导和参考价值, 值得引进及借鉴。 相似文献
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Mark Schaller 《Journal of personality》1997,65(2):291-309
ABSTRACT Three investigations tested the hypothesis, that the attainment of fame leads to chronic self-consciousness. One of these studies also examined the relationship of self-consciousness with self-destructive behavior. Analyses of Kurt Cobain's and Cole Porter's song lyrics indicated increased use of first-person singular pronouns after each songwriter attained celebrity. An analysis of John Cheever's short stories indicated greater use of the first-person narrative voice following his first brush with fame. Other analyses revealed that variations in Cheever's fame were positively correlated with use of first-person singular pronouns in his private letters and journals. These measures of self-consciousness were also positively correlated with Cheever's self-reported alcohol use. Together, these, three studies offer the first empirical support for a self-consciousness hypothesis linking celebrity to self-destructive Behavior.
In the urge to find a better, more perfect self, the possibility of uncovering a worse, more misshapen one hangs like a threatening cloud. Lurking behind every chance to be made whole by fame is the axman of further dismemberment.(Braudy, 1986, p. 8) 相似文献
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The effects of imagery on immediate and long term recall and organization (i.e., clustering) were studied with regard to high and low imagery concrete stimulus nouns from the same generic categories, imagery and no imagery instructions, number of recall trials, and two presentation rates. Three major aspects were involved: (a) establishment of imagery norms for 80 categorically related nouns, (b) behavioral analysis of these norms, and (c) a verbal free recall experiment conducted with 960 sixth and eighth grade boys and girls to compare the verbal and imaginal symbolic processes. Recall and organization were found to be facilitated by imagery nouns or instructions. Eighth graders not only recalled and organized better than sixth graders, but also used imagery more effectively. Four written trials were better than one, and a five second presentation rate was better than 2.5 seconds. These trends held in immediate and long term recall. Results were discussed in terms of the code availability hypothesis of Paivio's two-process theory. It was concluded that imagery is an important factor in free recall and organization and functions analogously to verbal processes. 相似文献
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ANNE ANASTASI 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1992,70(5):610-615
The effective use of tests in counseling depends on the choice of appropriate tests for the particular individual and problem under consideration, as well as the proper interpretation of test scores and their integration within the total assessment process. The knowledge needed for these purposes is discussed with reference to, first, statistical and technical knowledge about tests, and second, substantive psychological knowledge about the behavior domain that the tests assess. Because of the rapid accumulation of knowledge in both areas, counselors need to keep abreast of current developments through continuing efforts to update their knowledge. 相似文献