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1.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
2.
Christopher Hitchcock 《Philosophical Studies》2009,144(3):391-401
Hall [(2007), Philosophical Studies, 132, 109–136] offers a critique of structural equations accounts of actual causation, and then offers a new theory of his own.
In this paper, I respond to Hall’s critique, and present some counterexamples to his new theory. These counterexamples are
then diagnosed.
相似文献
Christopher HitchcockEmail: |
3.
Charmaine K. Higa Lisa K. Phillips Bruce F. Chorpita Eric L. Daleiden 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(4):261-271
Decades of research have examined the structure of self-consciousness in adults and its relationship to social anxiety. This
study examined the structure of self-consciousness via the Self-Consciousness Scales (Fenigstein et al., J. Consult. Clin.
Psychol. 43:522–527, 1975) in a school sample of 175 children and young adolescents (92 girls; mean age = 11.5). Confirmatory
factor analysis best supported a five-factor solution (Internal State Awareness, Self-Reflectiveness, Appearance Consciousness,
Style Consciousness and Social Anxiety). Although some factor based subscales evidenced low internal consistencies, convergent
and discriminant correlations with self-report measures of social phobia, negative affect, and positive affect as well as
parent-report measures of internalizing and externalizing problems provided additional support for the five-factor model.
Future studies should further examine the multidimensional nature as well as the developmental course of self-consciousness
and its relation to social anxiety longitudinally.
相似文献
Charmaine K. HigaEmail: |
4.
Ben Saunders 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2009,12(3):279-290
The three most common responses to Taurek’s ‘numbers problem’ are saving the greater number, equal chance lotteries and weighted
lotteries. Weighted lotteries have perhaps received the least support, having been criticized by Scanlon What We Owe to Each
Other (1998) and Hirose ‘Fairness in Life and Death Cases’ (2007). This article considers these objections in turn, and argues that they do not succeed in refuting the fairness of a weighted
lottery, which remains a potential solution to cases of conflict. Moreover, it shows how these responses actually lead to
a new argument for weighted lotteries, appealing to fairness and Pareto-optimality.
相似文献
Ben SaundersEmail: |
5.
Guy Fletcher 《Philosophia》2009,37(1):149-152
Despite its apparent ubiquity, philosophers have not talked much about sentimental value. One exception is Anthony Hatzimoysis
(The Philosophical Quarterly 53:373–379, 2003). Those who wish to take sentimental value seriously are likely to make use of Christine Korsgaard’s ideas on two distinctions
in value. In this paper I show that Hatzimoysis has misrendered Korsgaard’s insight in his discussion of sentimental value.
I begin by briefly summarising Korsgaard’s idea before showing how Hatzimoysis’ treatment of it is mistaken.
相似文献
Guy FletcherEmail: |
6.
Ohlsson S 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2007,41(1):28-34
Out of the eight points of methodological criticism against contemporary psychology formulated by Watson (Psychological Bulletin
31:755–776, 1934) and put forward by Toomela in this issue, the overemphasis on prediction, the neglect of individual differences, the habit
of the differences between the mental states of subjects in objective experimental conditions are particularly important.
Modern cognitive psychology has began to remedy those problems, in part by proposing broad, integrative theories. It is not
useful to subdivide psychology into “schools of thought” defined by their methodological practices.
相似文献
Stellan OhlssonEmail: |
7.
Jeffrey Dunn 《Philosophical Studies》2008,139(3):367-393
Finding disjunctivist versions of direct realism unexplanatory, Mark Johnston [(2004). Philosophical Studies, 120, 113–183] offers a non-disjunctive version of direct realism in its place and gives a defense of this view from the problem
of hallucination. I will attempt to clarify the view that he presents and then argue that, once clarified, it either does
not escape the problem of hallucination or does not look much like direct realism.
相似文献
Jeffrey DunnEmail: |
8.
Donald Capps 《Journal of religion and health》2009,48(3):368-380
William James presented “The Gospel of Relaxation” (James in W. James, Writings 1878–1899, 1992) to the 1896 graduating class of Boston Normal School of Gymnastics and a decade later he delivered his presidential address
“The Energies of Men” (James in W. James, Writings 1902–1910, 1987) to the American Philosophical Association. Both lectures focus on the body’s influence on emotions and on the liberating
effects of live ideas on the body’s natural energies. They also reflect his use of the popular spiritual hygiene literature
of his day to support his arguments. The first address draws on Hannah Whitall Smith’s views on disregarding our negative
emotions and on Annie Payson Call’s writings, specifically her views on relaxation; the second on Horace Fletcher’s writings,
specifically his views on anger and worry. I use these original sources to expand on key ideas in the two addresses, i.e.,
the role of imitation in altering unhealthy physiological habits and the energy-releasing role of suggestive ideas.
相似文献
Donald CappsEmail: |
9.
Brad J. Nakamura Chad Ebesutani Adam Bernstein Bruce F. Chorpita 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(3):178-189
The Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6–18 (CBCL/6-18) possesses newly developed DSM-Oriented Scales, constructed through
expert clinical judgment to match selected categories for behavioral/emotional problems as described in the DSM-IV. The present
investigation examined the basic psychometric properties for all six DSM-Oriented Scales (i.e., Affective, Anxiety, Somatic,
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Oppositional, and Conduct Scales) in a large clinical sample of children and adolescents
(N = 673). Findings from the present study provide strong evidence for the reliability, as well as convergent and discriminative
validity, of these scales. It appears that the DSM-Oriented Scales may provide accurate supplementary information that may
be considered when formulating clinical diagnoses.
相似文献
Brad J. NakamuraEmail: |
10.
Yurevich A 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2007,41(1):21-27
The author presents several arguments against Toomela’s (Culture of science: Strange history of the methodological thinking
in psychology. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 2007a, doi:, History of methodology in psychology: Starting point, not the goal. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 2007b, doi:) pessimistic thesis: “The last 60 years of research in psychology seems to have gone astray.” Nevertheless he admits that
Toomela’s article despite the excessively categorical assessments contained in it and the undue pessimism crowing its conclusion,
represents a substantial contribution to the highlighting of socio-cultural impact on various models of psychological cognition,
which lurks behind the international unification of globalizing science.
相似文献
Andrey YurevichEmail: |
11.
Mark D. Rapport Jennifer Bolden Michael J. Kofler Dustin E. Sarver Joseph S. Raiker R. Matt Alderson 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(4):521-534
Hyperactivity is currently considered a core and ubiquitous feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however,
an alternative model challenges this premise and hypothesizes a functional relationship between working memory (WM) and activity
level. The current study investigated whether children’s activity level is functionally related to WM demands associated with
the domain-general central executive and subsidiary storage/rehearsal components using tasks based on Baddeley’s (Working memory, thought, and action. New York: Oxford University Press 2007) WM model. Activity level was objectively measured 16 times per second using wrist- and ankle-worn actigraphs while 23 boys
between 8 and 12 years of age completed control tasks and visuospatial/phonological WM tasks of increasing memory demands.
All children exhibited significantly higher activity rates under all WM relative to control conditions, and children with
ADHD (n = 12) moved significantly more than typically developing children (n = 11) under all conditions. Activity level in all children was associated with central executive but not storage/rehearsal
functioning, and higher activity rates exhibited by children with ADHD under control conditions were fully attenuated by removing
variance directly related to central executive processes.
相似文献
Mark D. RapportEmail: |
12.
13.
The present study examined the psychometric properties of the self-report version of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised
(EATQ-R), which is a scale for measuring reactive and regulative temperament traits, in a large sample of children and adolescents
(N = 1,055). The results indicated that the internal consistency was acceptable for most EATQ-R temperament scales. Further,
principal components analysis of the instrument yielded a structure with nine components, which generally reflected the temperament
scales of the EATQ-R. The test–retest stability of the scale was moderate to good, whereas the parent–child agreement was
rather low. Finally, the scale correlated in a theoretically meaningful way with children’s self-reports of personality and
psychopathology. It can be concluded that the EATQ-R is a useful scale for measuring aspects of reactive and regulative temperament
in children and adolescents, although there is certainly room for improving the instrument.
相似文献
Peter MurisEmail: |
14.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
15.
Emmanuelle Danblon 《Argumentation》2009,23(3):351-359
According to Perelman (Rhétoriques, Presses Universitaires de Bruxelles, 1989: 80), a pseudo-argument is an argument that is supposed to be convincing from a given audience viewpoint, while it is not
from another audience viewpoint. Such a claim raises the traditional problem of the boundaries between the well known “convince
versus persuade” dichotomy. This paper aims at investigating it from a contemporary rhetorical and argumentative perspective
which will take into account the fictional dimension of persuasion. In this perspective, it will be claimed that the notion
of an “as if” argument better fits to some rhetorical phenomena.
相似文献
Emmanuelle DanblonEmail: |
16.
Towfic Shomar 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2008,39(2):321-349
There is confusion among scholars of Bohr as to whether he should be categorized as an instrumentalist (see Faye 1991) or a realist (see Folse 1985). I argue that Bohr is a realist, and that the confusion is due to the fact that he holds a very special view of realism,
which did not coincide with the philosophers’ views. His approach was sometimes labelled instrumentalist and other times realist,
because he was an instrumentalist on the theoretical level, but a realist on the level of models. Such a realist position
is what I call phenomenological realism. In this paper, and by taking Bohr’s debate with Einstein as a paradigm, I try to
prove that Bohr was such a realist.
相似文献
Towfic ShomarEmail: |
17.
18.
Joseph Shieber 《Philosophia》2009,37(1):169-181
In this paper, I take up an argument advanced by Keith DeRose (Philosophical Review, 111:167–203, 2002) that suggests that the knowledge account of assertion provides the basis of an argument in favor of contextualism. I discuss
the knowledge account as the conjunction of two theses—a thesis claiming that knowledge is sufficient to license assertion
KA and one claiming that knowledge is necessary to license assertion AK. Adducing evidence from Stalnaker’s account of assertion,
from conversational practice, and from arguments often raised in favor of the knowledge account, I suggest that neither the
AK nor the KA theses are plausible. That is, I argue that the knowledge account of assertion to which DeRose appeals is in
fact not suitable as an account of assertion. Given that DeRose’s argument stands and falls with the knowledge account, I
claim that the argument therefore fails.
相似文献
Joseph ShieberEmail: |
19.
Steven R. H. Beach Nader Amir 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2006,28(3):169-176
Using the Sample-specific simulation method proposed by J. Ruscio, A. M. Ruscio, and T. M. Keane (2004), the S. R. H. Beach and N. Amir (2003) data are re-analyzed. The results for the MAXEIG and MAMBAC procedures are compared across simulated dimensional, simulated taxonic, and original distributions. The comparison indicates that depression is taxonic in the S. R. H. Beach and N. Amir (2003) sample but has a lower base (.06) than previously reported. This result indicates the need to use a relatively high cut point on total Beck Depression Inventory (i.e., BDI>21; A. T. Beck, 1978) when creating groups using the BDI. That is, the data support the presence of a discontinuity between “depressed” and “nondepressed” undergraduates at a relatively high level of depressive symptomatology. At the same time, it is noted that researchers should remain cautious about the interpretation of taxometric procedures used with low base rate taxa until they have been further investigated using Monte Carlo simulations.
相似文献
Steven R. H. BeachEmail: |
20.
A Psychometric Evaluation of the Approach and Avoidance of Alcohol Questionnaire (AAAQ) in Alcohol Dependent Outpatients 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Audrey A. Klein Paul R. Stasiewicz James R. Koutsky Clara M. Bradizza Scott F. Coffey 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(4):231-240
The Approach and Avoidance of Alcohol Questionnaire (AAAQ; McEvoy et al. in Addiction 99:482–497, 2004) was administered to a clinical sample of 138 alcohol dependent men and women. An exploratory factor analysis was used to
determine the AAAQ factor structure and a confirmatory analysis run on a second administration of the AAAQ. Convergent validity
was examined by conducting an alcohol cue reactivity test and by administering the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB), a retrospective
calendar method for assessing alcohol consumption, and several measures of alcohol-related problems. The factor analysis supported
a two-factor solution representing approach and avoidance dimensions. Regressions predicting measures of alcohol cue reactivity,
alcohol consumption, and other alcohol-related constructs with the AAAQ provide support for its convergent validity. The results
suggest that alcohol craving may be viewed as a multi-dimensional construct that includes both approach and avoidance inclinations
which may vary depending on the population under examination.
相似文献
Paul R. StasiewiczEmail: |