The role of philosophy and ethics at the edges of medicine

Background

The purpose of this study is to make a philosophical argument against the phenomenological critique of standardization in clinical ethics. We used the context of clinical ethics in Saudi Arabia to demonstrate the importance of credentialing clinical ethicists.

Methods

Philosophical methods of argumentation and conceptual analysis were used.

Results

We found the phenomenological critique of standardization to be flawed because it relies on a series of false dichotomies.

Conclusions

We concluded that the phenomenological framing of the credentialing debate relies upon two extreme views to be navigated between, not chosen among, in the credentialing of clinical ethicists.

     

Movies: The Land of the Free

Abstract

Modern woman in search of a spirit

Oh to be ravished!

Puer psychology and nazism

Von franz reflects

Steps toward receiving woman

To communicate or not to communicate     

Normality in medicine: an empirical elucidation

Introduction

Dementia diseases, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are of considerable importance in terms of social policy and health economics. Moreover, against the background of the current Karlsruhe judgement on the legalisation of assisted suicide, there are also questions to be asked about medical humanities in AD.

Methodology

Relevant literature on complementary forms of therapy and prognosis was included and discussed.

Results

Creative sociotherapeutic approaches (art, music, dance) and validating psychotherapeutic approaches show promise for suitability and efficiency in the treatment of dementia, but in some cases still need to be scientifically tested. Biomarker-based early diagnosis of dementia diseases is increasingly becoming a subject of debate against the background of the Karlsruhe ruling.

Discussion

Needs-oriented and resource-enhancing approaches can make a significant contribution to improving the quality of life of people with dementia. The discussion on the issue of “assisted suicide” should include questions of the dignity and value of a life with dementia.

Outlook

The integrative dementia therapy model can be complemented by a religion- and spirituality-based approach. Appropriate forms of psychotherapy should be scientifically evaluated.

     

Psalms,the Scripture and the Church

Abstract

Hurrying in rain,

Jumping to evade puddles

I sprained my ankle;

Life is rushing amid tears,

Dodging ills, we still suffer     

On the ethical analysis of value issues in public decision-making

Abstract

The nature, methodology, importance and implications of an ethical analysis of value issues pertaining to public decision-making is not evident. In this paper I would like to address these issues by posing the following questions:

• Why is it important to focus on values in any process of public decision-making?

• What is the nature of an ethical analysis of the value issues involved?

• What is the basis, if any, for ethical analysis that moves beyond relativism and subjectivity?

• What difference can such an ethical analysis make to public decision-making?

During the course of discussing these issues, the question “What is ethics?” will be addressed in passing, as well as the usual objections against ethics and the consideration of value issues in public decision-making, namely that

• values cannot be analysed and discussed objectively

• values and ethics are relative to people and cultures

• value and ethical questions cannot be settled in a rational manner

• ethics cannot provide answers

• arguments about value and ethical issues move in circles, taking us nowhere

• values and ethics are so intertwined with emotions and biases that one cannot take them seriously in any process of public decision-making.

     

A jungian view of postmodernism: A response to “psychology and postmodernity”

The soul of teaching

Parker J. Palmer (1998). The Courage to Teach: Exploring the inner Landscape of a Teachers Life. San Francisco: JosseyBass. pp 199. $22.00

Tripping on the cosmic game

The Cosmic Game: Explorations of the Frontiers of Human Consciousness, State University of New York Press, 1998, $19.95.

Heidegger, daseinsanalysis and psychotherapy

Martin Heidegger's Impact on Psychotherapy by Gion Condrau. Vienna, Austria: Edition Mosaic, 1998.     

Six Levels of Mentality

Abstract

Examination of recent debates about belief shows the need to distinguish:

• (a)?non–linguistic informational states in animal perception;

• (b)?the uncritical use of language, e.g. by children;

• (c)?adult humans' reasoned judgments.

If we also distinguish between mind-directed and object–directed mental states, we have: 1. Perceptual ‘beliefs’ of animals and infants about their material environment.

2. ‘Beliefs’ of animals and infants about the mental states of others.

3. Linguistically-expressible beliefs about the world, resulting from e.g. the uncritical tendency to believe what we are told.

4. Uncritically-formed beliefs about the mental states.

5. Beliefs about the material world arrived at by the weighing of evidence.

6. Beliefs about mental states formed by critical assessment.

     

Nonconceptual apprehension and the reason-giving character of perception

I argue that the debate about the reason-giving character of perception, and, derivatively, the contemporary debate about the nature of the (non)conceptual content of perception, is best viewed as a confrontation with refined versions of the following three independently plausible, yet mutually inconsistent, propositions:

• Perceptual apprehension Some perceptions provide reasons directly

• Exclusivity Only beliefs provide reasons directly

• Bifurcation No perception is a belief

I begin with an evaluation and refinement of each proposition so as to crystallize the source of the difficulties that dominate our thinking about the reason-giving character of perception. I argue that the contemporary literature is broadly split between those denying Bifurcation and those denying Perceptual apprehension. Though Exclusivity, too, has been target to criticism, its grip on our thinking has all too often been underestimated. As a result, a proper denial or modification of Exclusivity is yet wanting. Overcoming Exclusivity involves a considerable challenge that has not been adequately acknowledged or met—to develop a substantive account of nonconceptual apprehension. Getting a clearer understanding of the nature, the source, and possible resolution of this challenge is the primary aim of this paper.

     

Activities of the member societies

Abstract

The impact and legacy of Karen Horney 1885-1952

The William Alanson White Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology White Institute Elects New Editor

News from the Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis, New York, USA

News from Brazil:

Conferences

The Karen Horney Psychoanalytic Institute and Center

The William Alanson White Institute

The VII Scientific Conference of IFPS was held in Munich, August 26-29th 1992. Theme: Psychoanalysis between conformity and opposition.

The V Nordic Conference for members from IFPS Societies in Finland, Norway and Sweden will be held near Stockholm, January 23-24, 1993.     

Seven things to consider when measuring religious identity

Measuring religious identity is complex. The author offers seven suggestions for those who wish to describe and understand religious identity using survey data:

• (1)?Definitions and measures of religious identity shape knowledge about religious groups;

• (2)?Variation in question wording leads to variation in responses;

• (3)?Comparing results across surveys provides valuable perspective;

• (4)?Incentives shape how respondents report their religious identity;

• (5)?Religious identity may be liminal;

• (6)?Salient identity categories are often unmeasured; and

• (7)?Religious identity and religious practice may not seem congruent.

This essay includes many examples to illustrate these measurement suggestions.     

Statement of Removal

The Journal, Publisher and Author have agreed to remove this article having received expressions of concern regarding the representation of certain clinical data.

For more information, please contact the Publisher or Editor of this Journal.

Article title: Thinking Developmentally: A Contemporary Psychoanalytic Perspective

Authors: Sally Bloom-Feshbach

Journal: Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy

Citation information: Volume 17, Number 2, pages 91–95

Version of Record Published Online: 31 May 2018

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2018.1456122     

Closing the intention–behaviour gap for sunscreen use and sun protection behaviours

Objective

Two studies were conducted with the aim of closing the intention–behaviour gap for sunscreen use and sun protection behaviours by examining the influence of self-regulatory capacity on the prediction of sunscreen use (Study 1) and self-regulatory capacity and habit on sun protection behaviours (Study 2).

Design

Studies were conducted online. Participants completed questionnaires and cognitive measures and then reported behaviour one week later.

Main Outcome Measures

Questionnaires measuring intention and cognitive tasks measuring self-regulatory capacity were administered to 209 university students. One week later, participants reported behaviour. In Study 2, questionnaires measuring intentions, and habit and cognitive tasks measuring self-regulatory capacity were administered to 178 university students who reported behaviour one week later.

Results

Intention accounted for 7.1% of variance in sunscreen use, no measures of self-regulation accounted for variance in behaviour or moderated the intention–behaviour gap (Study 1). Intention, self-regulatory capacity and habit accounted for 56.1% of variance in sun protection behaviours (Study 2). Intention, self-regulatory ability and habit predicted behaviour, while habit moderated the intention–behaviour gap.

Conclusion

Interventions aimed at increasing sun protection behaviours should take into account level of intention, self-regulatory capacity and habit. Individuals may benefit from habit formation strategies and self-regulation training.     

Book review

A hermeneutic of everyday life

Schrag, C.O. Radical Reflection and the Origin of the Human Sciences. West LaFayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press, 1980, 134 pp., $4.95.

Humanistic psychology: past, present and future

Tageson, C. William. Humanistic Psychology: A Synthesis. Home‐wood, Illinois: The Dorsey Press, 1982, 286 pp.

Recent books by division members

Giorgi, Amedeo (Ed.). Phenomenology and Psychological Research. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1985, 216 pp., $12.50.

Aanstoos, Christopher M. (Ed.). Exploring the Lived World: Readings in Phenomenological Psychology. West Georgia College Studies in the Social Sciences, Volume 23, 1984, 150 pp., $4.00.

Mahrer, Alvin R. Psychotherapeutic Change: An Alternative Approach to Meaning and Measurement. New York: W .W. Norton & Co., 1985, 208 pp., $22.95.

Klee, James. Points of Departure: Aspects of the Tao. South Bend, Indiana: and books, 1982, 325 pp., $8.95.     

Concerning So-Called Group Effects

Abstract

Sermons and addresses. By John Bascom, New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1913. 356 p.

Things learned by living. By John Bascom. New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1913. 228 p.

The Jukes in 1915. By Arthur H. Estabrook. Washington, Carnegie Institution, 1916. 85 p.

The mothercraft manual. By Mary L. Read. Boston, Little, Brown and Co., 1916. 440 p.

Towards racial health. By Norah H. March. London, George Routledge and Sons, 1915. 326 p.

How to live; rules for healthful living based on modern science. By Irving Fisher and Eugene Lyman Fisk. 7th ed. New York, Funk and Wagnalls Co., 1916. 345 p.

The development of intelligence in children. By Alfred Binet and Th. Simon. Translated by Elizabeth S. Kate. Publications of the Training School at Vineland, N. J., Department of Research. No. 11. May, 1916. 336 p.

The intelligence of the feeble-minded. By Alfred Binet and Th. Simon. Translated by Elizabeth S. Kite. Publications of the Training School at Vineland, N. J., Department of Research. No. 12, June, 1916. 328 p.

Art in education and life; a plea for the more systematic culture of the sense of beauty. By Henry Davies. Columbus, R. G. Adams and Co. (c. 1914). 334 p.

Official diplomatic documents relating to the outbreak of the European War. Edited by Edmund von Mach. New York, Macmillan, 1916.

How to study effectively. By Guy Montrose Whipple. Bloomington, Ind., Public School Publishing Co. (c. 1916). 44 p.

The gift of mind to spirit. By John Kulamer. Boston, Sherman, French and Co., 1916. 227 p.

The students' Shakespeare. Macbeth. Memorial edition. Edited, with notes, by Frank Alanson Lombard. Kyoto, Japan, 1916. 310 p.

Seventeenth annual report of the State Board of Insanity of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, for the year ending November 30, 1915. Boston, Wright and Potter Printing Co., 1916. 383 p.

School organisation and administration; a concrete study based on the Salt Lake City school survey. By Ellwood P. Cubberley. Yonkers-on-Hudson, World Book Co., 1916. 346 p.

Some problems in city school administration. By George D. Strayer. Yonkers-on-Hudson, World Book Co., 1916. 234 p.

How to use your mind; a psychology of study. By Harry D. Kitson. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., (c. 1916). 216 p.

New Possibilities in education. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. LXVII, September, 1916, Whole No. 156.

Form find functions of American government. By Thomas Harrison Reed. Yonkers-on-Hudson, World Book Co., 1916. 549 p.

The supervision of arithmetic. By W. A. Jessup and L. D. Coffman. New York, Macmillan, 1916. 225 p.

In the light of the spirit. By Christian D. Larson. New York, Thomas Y. Crowell Co. (c. 1916). 194 p.

Converging paths. By E. T. Campagnac. Cambridge, University Press, 1916. 113 p.

The expectant mother. By Samuel Wyllis Bandler. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co., 1916. 213 p.

A handbook for Latin clubs. By Susan Paxson. Boston, D. C. Heath and Co. (c. 1916). 148 p.

A handbook of American private schools. (An annual publication). Boston, Porter E. Sargent (c. 1916). 604 p.

Introduction to American history. By James Albert Woodburn and Thomas Francis Moran. New York, Longmans, Green, (c 1916). 308 p.

Drake of troop one. By Isabel Hornibrook. Boston, Little, Brown, 1916. 321 p.

National Parks folio. Published by the Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C.

Aus Nah und Fern. Vol. VIII, No. 1. October, 1916. Chicago, F. W. Parker School Press.

Teachers College, Columbia University, Contributions to Education:-

No. 75, Adjustment of school organisation to various population groups, by Robert Alexander Fyfe McDonald. 1915. 145 p.

No. 76 The relations of general intelligence to certain mental and physical traits, by Cyrus D Mead. 1916. 117 p.

No. 77, Completion-test language scales, by Marion Rex Trabue. 1916. 118 p.

No. 78, Ventilation in relation to mental work, by E. L. Thorndike, W. A. McCall and J. C. Chapman. 1916. 83 p.

No. 80, Measurements of some achievements in arithmetic, by Clifford Woody. 1916. 63 p.

The golden book of favorite songs. Compiled and edited by N. H. Aitch. Chicago, Hall &; McGreary, 1915. 138 p.

Yiddish-English lessons. By I. Edwin Goldwasser and Joseph Jablonower. Boston, D. C. Heath &; Company, 1916. 248 p.

Boswell's Life of Johnson. By Max J. Herzberg. Boston, Heath &; Co., 1916. 280 p.

The school and the immigrant. By Herbert Adolphus Miller. Cleveland, Cleveland Foundation Survey, 1916. 102 p.

The teaching staff. By Walter A. Jessup. Cleveland, Cleveland Foundation Survey, 1916. 114 p.

The metal trades. By R. R. Lutz. Cleveland, Cleveland Foundation Survey, 1916. 114 p.

Seventy-ninth Annual Report of the Board of Education. Boston, Wright &; Potter, 1910. 361 p.

The thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth reports of the International Institute of China. By Rev. Gilbert Reid. Shanghai, Methodist Pub. House, 1915. 62 p.

Report of the Board of Education of St. Louis, Mo. 1915. 698 p.

Maine School Report. Waterville, Maine, Sentinel Publishing Co., 1916. 291 p.

La “scala metrica dell'intelligenza” di Binet e Simon; studiata nelle scuole comunali elementari di Milano. By Zaccaria Treves and F. Umberto Saffiotti. Milano, G. Civelli, 1911. 67 p.

L'opera di Zaccaria Treves e la psicologia sperimentale. By F. Umberto Saffiotti. Milano, 1912. 28 p.

La misura dell'intelligenza nei fanciulli. By F. Umberto Saffiotti. Roma, Società Romana di Antropologia, Via del Collegio Romano, 26, 1916. 286 p.

Contributo allo studio dei rapporti tra l'intellgenza e i fattori biologico-sociali nella scuola. By F. Umberto Saffiotti. (Reprinted from Rivista di Antropologia, Vol. XVIII, Fasc. 1–2.) 1913. 34 p.

Forme e contenuto dell'associasione spontanea nei fanciulli. By F. Umberto Saffiotti (Reprinted from Rivista di Antropologia, Vol. XIX, Fasc. 1–2.) 1914. 14 p.

Anuário da Casa Pia de Lisboa. Ano Económico de 1914–15. Lisboa, R. Do Mundo, 139. Tip. Casa Portugueza, 1915. 552 p.

Tentative syllabus of the physical training program. University of the State of New York, State Department of Education. 1916. 226 p.

New York State. Eleventh annual report of the Education Department, for the school year 1913–14. 1163 p.

A laboratory and class-room guide to qualitative chemical analysis. By George F. White. New York, D. Van Nostrand Co., 1916. 171 p.

Plane and solid geometry. By William Betz and Harrison E. Webb. (With the editorial coöperation of Percy F. Smith.) Boston, Ginn, (c. 1916). 507 p.

Algebra review. By Charles H. Sampson. Yonkers-on-Hudson, World Book Co., 1916. 41 p.

Scientific method in schools; a suggestion. By W. H. S. Jones. London, Cambridge University Press, 1916. 36 p.

Reorganising a county system of rural schools; report of a study of the schools of San Mateo County, California. By J. Harold Williams. Washington, Gov't Printing Office, 1916. (Bureau of Education Bull., 1916, no. 16.) 50 p.

Journal of Heredity. August and September, 1916. Washington, D. C., American Genetic Association.

A practical Spanish grammar. By Ventura Fuentes and Victor E. François. New York, Macmillan, 1916. 313 p.

United States life tables, 1910. Prepared under the supervision of Prof. James W. Glover of the University of Michigan. Bureau of the Census. Washington, Gov't Printing Office, 1916. 65 p.

Bureau of American Ethnology. Twenty-ninth annual report to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1907–1908. Washington, Gov't Printing Office, 1916. 636 p.

Bureau of American Ethnology. Thirtieth annual report to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1908–09. Washington, Gov't Printing Office, 1915. 453 p.

Physical anthropology of the Lenape or Delawares, and of the eastern Indians in general. By Ale? Hrdli?ka. (Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 62.) Washington, Gov't Printing Office, 1916. 129 p.

Centennial celebration of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. April, 1916. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1916. 196 p.

The policy of national instinct. By M. Take Jonesco. London, Sir Joseph Couston and Sons, 1916. 108 p.

43.—Nationaler Deutschamerikanischer Lehrertag, 28. Juni-1. Juli, 1916. Milwaukee, Wis. 20 p.     

A General Survey of Child Study

Abstract

The Intelligence of School Children. By Lewis M. Terman. Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1919. 317 p.

The Aims of Teaching in Jewish Schools. By Rabbi Louis Grossmann. (With an Introduction by G. Stanley Hall.) Cincinnati, Teachers' Institute of the Hebrew Union College, 1919. 245 p.

Comparative Education. Ed. by Peter Sandiford. N. Y., Dutton, 1918. 500 p.

The Gary Schools. Publ. by General Education Board of New York City. 1918.

The Gary Schools: A General Account. By Abraham Flexner and Frank P. Bachman. 265 p.

Organization and Administration. By George D. Strayer and F. P. Bachman. 126 p.

Costs. By F. P. Bachman and Ralph Bowman.

Industrial Work. By Charles R. Richards. 204 p.

Household Arts. By Eva W. White. 49 p.

Physical Training and Play. By Lee F. Hanmer. 35 p.

Science Teaching. By Otis W. Caldwell. 125 p.

Measurement of Classroom Products. By Stuart A. Courtis.

Letters to Teachers. By Hartley B. Alexander. Chicago, Open Court, 1919. 253 p.

Education and Citizenship and Other Papers. By Edward Kidder Graham. New York, Putnam, 1919. 253 p.

What the War Teaches About Education. By Ernest C. Moore. N. Y., The MacMillan Co., 1919. 334 p.     

Spurious Correlations In Psychology

Abstract

Mind and Conduct. By Henry R. Marshall. N. Y., Scribner, 1919. 236 p.

Natural Food and Care for Child and Mother. By Susan Harding Rummler. Chicago, Rand McNally, 1919. 298 p.

The Psychology and Pedagogy of Anger. By Roy Franklin Richardson. Baltimore, Warwick and York, 1918. 100 p.

The Blind. Their Condition and the Work Being Done for Them in the United States. By Harry Best. N. Y., MacMillan, 1919. 762 p.

Verse for Patriots. Comp. By Jean Broadhurst and Clara L. Rhodes. Phil., Lippincott, 1919. 367 p.

American Leaders. By Walter Lefferts. Phil., Lippincott, 1919. 329 p.

Christ as a Teacher. By John W. Wayland. Boston, The Stratford Co., 1919. 70 p.

Applied Economic Botany. By Melville Thurston Cook. Phil., Lippincott, 1919. 261 p.

Deficiency and Delinquency. An interpretation of mental testing. By James Burt Miner. Baltimore, Warwick and York, 1918. 355 p.

Education in Ancient Israel to 70 A. D. By Fletcher Harper Swift. Chicago, Open court, 1919. 134 p.

Hidden Treasure. By John T. Simpson. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1919. 303 p.

French Educational Ideals of Today. By Ferdinand Buisson &; F. E. Farrington. Yonkers-on-Hudson, World Book Co., 1919. 326 p.     

A Review of: “Potency: Masculine Aggression as a Path to the Soul”

The wisdom of children's literature

The psychological symbiosis of child and adult merged together in a good story is the prima materia moment of the object relations theorist.

The root metaphor is one of finding a path whereby we can establish an ego in the world without developing violent body armor.

New fall releases

Omnibus review

Pushing at the boundaries of reality: the child and the dream

New books and magazines

M.a. and ph.d. programs with degree specialization in depth psychology

The secret world of drawings: healing through art. by gregg furth. boston: sigo press, 1988.

The chiron clinical series dreams in analysis

Spring 49-1989 a journal of archetype and culture

Jungian child psychotherapy: in-dividuation in childhood. edited by mara sidoli and miranda davies. London: karnac, 1988.

Children of psychiatrists and other psychotherapists. by thomas maeder. New york: harper &; row, 1989.

Analytical psychology notes of the seminar given in 1925

C. g. jung and the humanities toward a hermeneutics of culture

The father: mythology and changing roles. by arthur coleman and libby coleman. Wilmette, illinois: chiron publications, 1988.

When you're ready: a woman's healing from childhood physical and sexual abuse by her mother. by kathy evert. Walnut creek, ca: launch press, 1987.

Emotional child abuse: the family curse. by joel covitz. Boston: sigo press, 1986.

Inscapes of the child's world: jungian counseling hi schools and clinics. by john allan. Spring publications, 1988.

The plural psyche. by andrew samuels. London: routledge, 1989.     

Voice in the Head: The Road Ahead

Purpose

The paper seeks to explore the interrelation among the phenomena of wandering mind, free-floating self and intuitive dualism. Further, the paper aims at looking at the possibility of revising the self-conception by changing the wandering nature of mind.

Method

The paper proceeds by demonstrating the existence of the wandering mind and the presence of a particular kind of reflexive self-conception and then contends that reflexive self-conception, characterised in terms of free-floating nature of the self, can be understood to be the result of intuitive dualism along with the wandering mind.

Result and Discussion

The relationship between wandering mind and reflexive self-conception brings out the possibility of revising the reflexive self-conception through practices such as mindfulness because it opens ways to reflexively realise embodiment and reduces the wandering nature of mind. This can possibly give rise to a different kind of self-conception that is more holistic in outlook and is less separative or free-floating.

     

Book Reviews

Humanistic psychology as empirical science

Poarallio, H. R. Behavior and Existence: An Introduction to Empirical Humanisitc Psychology. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Co., 1982. 444 pp.

Experience revisited

Laing, R.D. The Voice of Experience. New York: Pantheon Books, 1982, 179 pp., $3.95 paperback.     

Book review

muning with Alan Watts

Watts, Alan. Play to Live. South Bend, IN: and books, 1982, 103 pp.

Watts, Alan. Out of the Trap. South Bend, IN: and books, 1985, 157 pp.

* Editor's Note: Diamond Web, the third volume of the series, is currently in press and should be available by mid‐summer, 1986.

Psychotherapy and the paranormal

Mintz, Elizabeth E. The Psychic Thread: Paranormal and Transpersonal Aspects of Psychotherapy. New York: Human Sciences Press, 1983, 232 pp.