Compositionwork: A Method for Self-Investigation

This article presents compositionwork as a method based on dialogical self theory, according to which the self is understood as a multiplicity of I-positions (different sides of the self) in the landscape of the mind. The person making the composition uses language and stones to represent relevant I-positions of her- or himself self, thus externalizing these and creating a personal landscape of mind. As a result a meta-position is taken to this landscape, which facilitates its overview and understanding and may stimulate its further development. The method relates to the two basic dimensions of the self: verbal/reflexive and nonverbal/sensory, the integration of which forms an optimal condition for the development of the self. The idea of representing I-positions by using stones is inspired by Japanese rock gardens, which often represent the organization or development of the self. By their abstract and sensory quality, stones help to evoke and symbolize nonverbal aspects of the I-positions. First, we present the theoretical concepts relevant for compositionwork, and then we elaborate on the meaning of Japanese gardens as a representation of the mind and the use of stones as symbols. Finally, we present the method itself and examples of its application.     

Self-awareness: A proposal for supervision

Summary Herein has been presented a questionnaire intended to encourage students in the helping professions to explore their feelings and attitudes and thereby to build self-awareness. I have suggested that such a questionnaire be utilized as a catalyst for small group discussion and interaction. In this way the student's self-awareness and personal and professional growth could be enhanced.     

Margins for Error: A Reply

I address Peter Mott's 'Margins for Error and the Sorites Paradox' ( The Philosophical Quarterly , 48 (1998), pp. 494–503). Mott criticizes my account of inexact knowledge, on which it satisfies margin for error principles of the form 'If one knows in a given case, one avoids false belief in sufficiently similar cases'. Mott's arguments are shown to be fallacious because they ignore the fact that our knowledge of inexact knowledge is itself inexact. In the examples discussed, the first-level inexact knowledge is perceptual. Since my defence of an epistemicist theory of vagueness explains our ignorance of truth-values in borderline cases as the result of knowledge the inexactness of which has a conceptual source, the paper also contributes to the defence of epistemicism about vagueness.     

A Cognitive Tool for Ethical Decision Making: A Case for ACED IT

The present study examined two forms of a cognitive tool (ACED IT map), which is designed to facilitate ethical decision making, along with expressive writing. Results demonstrated that participants completing the original ACED IT were more likely to identify (a) more steps to implementing a solution, (b) more barriers to solution implementation, and (c) more solutions to those barriers than participants who completed the modified ACED IT, those who engaged in expressive writing, and those in the control group. These findings suggest that cognitive tools such as ACED IT may be of considerable value for individuals who are presented with ethical dilemmas.     

A Treatment for College Women at Risk for Bulimia: A Controlled Evaluation

Twenty-nine college women evidencing low body esteem, repeated dieting efforts, and other dysfunctional eating behaviors or attitudes were randomly assigned to group treatment or control conditions. At posttest and follow-up, participants who received the intervention reported significantly improved levels of self-esteem and body satisfaction, as well as reductions in their reliance on potentially dangerous methods of weight management compared with controls. They also reported fewer fears of negative evaluation by others and endorsed fewer stereotypes about thinness and attractiveness. Finally, participants in the treatment condition showed significantly reduced levels of perfectionism at posttest, but this change was not maintained at follow-up. Clinical implications and research recommendations are discussed.     

MEGA中国工作站:一次难得的机遇

我国马克思主义哲学界,尤其是马克思主义哲学史学界一直关注着MEGA,但往往对MEGA的特殊性理解得并不充分.MEGA是德文<马克思恩格斯全集>(Die Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe)的简称,它与我们通常所说的"<马克思恩格斯全集>"并不是同一个概念.我国已经出版的50卷<马克思恩格斯全集>第一版,正在编纂出版的第二版,以及苏联出版过的<马克思恩格斯全集>,确切地说应当称之为"马克思恩格斯著作",其相应的德文词为Die Marx-Engels-Werke,简称MEW.这方面比较权威的版本是民主德国从1956年至1983年出版的42卷<马克思恩格斯著作>,1990年补充出版了第43卷.     

SNP: A system for nonadaptive procedures

A software system which is currently being used to collect and analyze data for a wide range of auditory psychophysical procedures is described. Its principal advantages are its scope, its ease of use during data collection, the uniformity it lends to data collection procedures in widely different experiments, and the fact that no additional programming is required to run most experiments. Although the system reflects a specific interface configuration and the availability of an 8K PDP-15, the programming has been done in FORTRAN and contains a number of features which may be of interest to even Es building hard-wired programming devices.     

Programs for Older Persons: A Compendium

This article provides helpful information for older persons desiring to find employment in the U.S. work force and thereby remain independent for as long as possible.     

Climate for Creativity: A Quantitative Review

Abstract

Creativity is commonly held to emerge from an interaction of the person and the situation. In studies of creativity, situational influences are commonly assessed by using climate measures. In the present effort, a meta-analysis was conducted to examine 42 prior studies in which the relationships between climate dimensions, such as support and autonomy, and various indices of creative performance were assessed. These climate dimensions were found to be effective predictors of creative performance across criteria, samples, and settings. It was found, moreover, that these dimensions were especially effective predictors of creative performance in turbulent, high-pressure, competitive environments. The implications of these findings for understanding environmental influences on creativity and innovation are discussed.