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1.
Brownlie EB Beitchman JH Escobar M Young A Atkinson L Johnson C Wilson B Douglas L 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2004,32(4):453-467
Clinic and forensic studies have reported high rates of language impairments in conduct disordered and incarcerated youth. In community samples followed to early adolescence, speech and language impairments have been linked to attention deficits and internalizing problems, rather than conduct problems, delinquency, or aggression. This study examines the young adult antisocial outcomes of speech or language impaired children. Language impaired boys had higher levels of parent-rated delinquency symptoms by age 19 than boys without language impairment, controlled for verbal IQ and for demographic and family variables. Language impaired boys did not differ from controls in self-reported delinquency or aggression symptoms on a standardized checklist; however, language impaired boys reported higher rates of arrests and convictions than controls. Language impairment was not related to aggression or delinquency in girls. We examine alternate models of the interrelationships between language, academics, and behavior, at ages 5, 12, and 19. 相似文献
2.
Frick PJ Cornell AH Barry CT Bodin SD Dane HE 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2003,31(4):457-470
The role of callous-unemotional (CU) traits and conduct problems in predicting conduct problem severity, severity and type of aggression, and self-reported delinquency at a 1-year follow-up was investigated in a sample of 98 children (mean age 12.43; SD = 1.72) recruited from a community-wide screening. Children with both CU traits and conduct problems had a greater number and variety of conduct problems at follow-up than children who at the screening had high levels of conduct problems alone. However, this poorer outcome for children with CU traits could largely be accounted for by differences in initial level of conduct problem severity. Children with CU traits and conduct problems were also at risk for showing higher levels of aggression, especially proactive aggression, and self-reported delinquency. Importantly, these outcomes could not be solely explained by initial level of conduct problem severity. Finally, CU traits predicted self-reported delinquency in some children who did not initially show high levels of conduct problems and this predictive relationship seemed to be strongest for girls in the sample who were high on CU traits but who did not show significant conduct problems. 相似文献
3.
Nancy A. Tashman Mark D. Weist Laura A. Nabors Micheal E. Shafer 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》1998,5(3):239-248
Ninth grade students from an inner-city high school (n = 163) completed self-report measures assessing their participation in meaningful activities, behavioral problems, and locus of control. In multivariate analyses, Gender × Activity Level interaction effects were shown: males with higher levels of meaningful activity had significantly lower scores on aggression and delinquent behavior subscales than males with lower levels of meaningful activity. However, this relationship was not shown for females. Of youth who reported clinically significant levels of aggression and/or delinquency, females reported significantly higher levels of meaningful activities than males. Gender differences in findings and future research directions are discussed. 相似文献
4.
In many species, young males are the dispersers, leaving their natal area after weaning to establish a breeding area of their own. As young males disperse, however, they are bound to encounter unfamiliar adult males with established territories. Such interactions between an adult male and a young male may always be agonistic. Alternatively, there may be an age threshold below which aggression is not elicited and above which the adult male is aggressive toward the juvenile male. To test these two alternative hypotheses, we paired 47 young Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) males ranging from 24 to 65 days of age with 47 adult male hamsters and measured aggressive and investigatory behavior for 5 min. We observed no aggression by the adult toward young males between 24 and 47 days of age or toward the single male that was 49 days of age. Young males that were 50 days of age or older, however, elicited significant levels of aggression from the adults. These results indicate that in Syrian hamsters, young males are less vulnerable to adult aggression up to an age threshold and are more vulnerable to adult aggression beyond that threshold. This pattern may facilitate the establishment of territories by dispersing young males below that age threshold. Aggr. Behav. 37:91–97, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
5.
Paula J. Fite Michael Vitulano 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(1):11-18
The current study examined relations between physical activity and proactive and reactive aggression. Additionally, physical
activity was examined as a potential moderator of the associations between these subtypes of aggression and peer delinquency.
Relations were examined in a community recruited sample of 89 children (56% male, 74% Caucasian) ranging from 9 to 12 years
of age (M = 10.44, SD = 1.14). As expected, physical activity was negatively related to proactive aggression and unrelated to reactive aggression.
Moreover, physical activity moderated the relation between proactive aggression and peer delinquency, such that at high levels
of physical activity, proactive aggression was unrelated to peer delinquency but at low levels of physical activity, proactive
aggression was positively associated with peer delinquency. Thus, physical activity may be an important factor to consider
when understanding the link between aggression and other problem behavior, as physical activity appears to impact the link
between proactive aggression and delinquent peer affiliations. 相似文献
6.
Among adult and adolescent populations, the personality trait of honesty-humility (HH) has been linked to aggression. For example, adults low in HH have been found to exhibit higher levels of workplace delinquency and revenge motivation, and adolescent low in HH are more likely to bully others. However, there is a paucity of research examining this relationship in children and youth, and how these relationships develop over time. The current study addressed these gaps in the literature by assessing whether HH and impulsivity are independently associated with aggression in children Grades 3 through 8 (N = 1201). Using data from the two waves of a longitudinal project, autoregressive crossed-lagged path analysis was used to examine the bidirectional relationships between HH, impulsivity, and aggression over a 1-year period. Results revealed significant bidirectional relationships between HH and aggression, such that lower scores of HH at Time 1 were associated with higher scores of aggression at Time 2 and vice versa. Similarly, higher scores of impulsivity at Time 1 were associated with higher scores of aggression at Time 2 and vice versa. In addition, these relationships were strongest in boys and at higher ages. Consistent with research in other populations, these results indicate that low HH and high impulsivity are linked to aggression in children and youth. Further, our results demonstrate that HH and impulsivity bidirectionally impact aggression as one age, suggesting a need for early intervention. 相似文献
7.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Michael K?lch Dr. hum. biol. Marc Schmid Dipl.-Psych. Peter Rehmann Dr. med. Marc Allroggen 《Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie》2012,6(3):158-165
Children and adolescents are more likely to present aggressive behavior than adults. According to official criminal statistics in Germany approximately one quarter of all delinquents are younger than 25 years. Nevertheless, delinquency is a transient phenomenon in adolescence and the prevalence of delinquency in young adults decreases significantly. Most children show no problems with aggressive behavior or delinquency and only persistent problems with aggressive behavior, violence and conduct problems indicate the necessity for child and adolescent psychiatric diagnostics. The type of aggression (proactive versus reactive) a child presents seems to be predictive for the later outcome and children with proactive aggression are at higher risk for later delinquency and social problems. Lack of empathy and psychopathic traits are further aspects which are of interest in research on etiology of aggressive behavior in children. Both seem to be relevant as predictors of the course of aggressive behavior. Furthermore, attachment problems in infancy, parenting style and ecological factors, such as socioeconomic status and peers have an influence both on the origin and on the course of aggressive behavior in children. 相似文献
8.
Childhood peer rejection, aggression, withdrawal, and perceived competence were compared as predictors of self-reported behavior problems. Peer sociometric status (Coie, Dodge, and Coppotelli, 1982), teacher ratings of behavior problems (Lorion, Cowen, & Caldwell, 1975), and perceived competence ratings (Harter, 1982) were obtained for 613 second-through fourth-grade children. Two years later, these students completed a modified version of the Youth Self-Report form (Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1987). Rejected children and neglected girls were more likely to have a self-reported nonspecific negative outcome than others. Neglected girls were at heightened risk for depression. A varied set of predictors obtained from different informants emerged for each sex for each of the specific self-reported outcomes of depression, unpopularity, delinquency, aggression, and self-destructive/identity problems. Results are discussed in terms of future directions for longitudinal research on the consequences of poor peer relationships in childhood.This research was supported in part by a grant from the W. Alton Jones Foundation and in part from Cooperative Agreement (G0087C3033) between the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, and the University of Virginia. However, the opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent the opinions of the funding agencies. Portions of this paper were presented at the First Annual Meeting of the Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Miami, Florida. The authors would like to thank Robert Terry, Ruth Axman, Pamela Griesler, Melissa DeRosier, Nancy Vaden, Charlene Eickholt, Amy Young, Emily Burhans, Eric Johnson, Renee Lorio, and Karen Welke for their assistance in conducting this research project. 相似文献
9.
Reductions of intimate partner violence resulting from supplementing children with omega‐3 fatty acids: A randomized,double‐blind,placebo‐controlled,stratified, parallel‐group trial
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11.
Paula J Fite Craig R Colder John E Lochman Karen C Wells 《Psychology of addictive behaviors》2007,21(3):355-364
Childhood aggression is a known risk factor for adolescent substance use; however, aggression is a complex construct, and developmental researchers have identified a variety of subdimensions that may be germane to substance use. Very little research has examined risk pathways from subdimensions of aggression. The current study examined a developmental model and tested whether childhood proactive aggression, reactive aggression, or both were related to the development of substance use in adolescence in a sample of 126 children (mean age at initial assessment = 10.4 years, SD = 0.51). Peer rejection and peer delinquency were examined as potential mediators of these relations. The findings suggest that proactive aggression was indirectly associated with substance use through peer delinquency. Reactive aggression was also indirectly associated with substance use through a complex mediational chain, such that high levels of reactive aggression were associated with high levels of peer rejection, which in turn were associated with peer delinquency (p = .06), which subsequently predicted substance use. 相似文献
12.
Assessing the Impact of a Paid Children,Youth, or Family Worker on Anglican Congregations in England
Leslie J. Francis David Howell Phoebe Hill Ursula McKenna 《Journal of Research on Christian Education》2019,28(1):43-50
Drawing on the survey conducted by Christian Research and commissioned by the Youthscape Centre for Research and One Hope, this study examined the impact of a paid children, youth, or family worker on the weekly attendance of 5- to 18-year-old children within 786 Church of England churches with adult attendance ranging from 20 to 250 people. Nearly one-third of these churches had a paid children, youth, or family worker (N?=?259). The data demonstrated that on average the presence of a paid children, youth, or family worker added seven young people between the ages of 5 and 18 years to the total weekly Sunday attendance, after controlling for the weekly adult attendance figures. 相似文献
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14.
Jake M. Najman PhD FASSA Maria Plotnikova PhD John Horwood BA BSc MSc Edmund Silins PhD David Fergusson BA PhD FRSNZ FNZPS FRACP George C Patton PhD Craig Olsson PhD Delyse M Hutchinson PhD Louisa Degenhardt PhD Robert Tait PhD George J. Youssef PhD Rohan Borschmann PhD Carolyn Coffey PhD John W Toumbourou PhD Richard P. Mattick PhD 《Aggressive behavior》2019,45(4):427-436
While the association between heavy alcohol consumption and aggression has been well documented, the causal direction of this association, particularly at a population level, is disputed. A number of causal sequences have been proposed. First, that aggression leads to heavy alcohol use. Second, that heavy alcohol use leads to aggression. Third, that the association between alcohol use and aggression is due to confounding by (a) sociodemographic variables or (b) delinquency. We report here data from four Australasian prospective longitudinal studies of adolescents, to assess the temporal sequence of heavy drinking and aggression over the period from adolescence to young adulthood. The four cohort studies provide a total sample of 6,706 persons (Australian Temperament Project, n = 1701; Christchurch Health and Development Study, n = 931; Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy, n = 2437; Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study, n = 1637). We use multinomial logistic regression to determine whether early adolescent aggression predicts subsequent age of onset of heavy episodic drinking (HED), after adjustment for concurrent sociodemographic factors and delinquency. We then consider whether HED predicts subsequent aggression, after adjusting for past aggression, concurrent delinquency, and a range of confounders. There are broadly consistent findings across the four cohort studies. Early aggression strongly predicts subsequent HED. HED predicts later aggression after adjustment for prior aggression and other confounders. Policies that alter population levels of alcohol consumption are likely to impact on levels of aggression in societies where HED linked to aggression is more common. 相似文献
15.
The current study longitudinally investigated relations between proactive (goal-oriented, calculated) and reactive (response
to perceived threat) aggression and disciplinary actions in an after-school care program in a sample of 147 school-age children
(Mean age = 8.22 years; 54.4% male). In addition, perceived best friend delinquency was examined as a moderator of the relations
between proactive and reactive aggression and disciplinary actions. As expected, high levels of proactive aggression were
associated with high levels of disciplinary actions. Reactive aggression, in contrast, was negatively associated with disciplinary
actions 2-months later. Finally, perceived best friend delinquency moderated the association between proactive, but not reactive,
aggression and disciplinary actions. However, this interaction effect was only marginally statistically significant (p = .06). Implications for findings and future directions are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Joanne C. Gersten Thomas S. Langner Jeanne G. Eisenberg Ora Simcha-Fagan Elizabeth D. McCarthy 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1976,4(2):111-127
Changes with aging and stability of dimensions of behavioral disturbance were determined for 732 children and adolescents who constituted the sample reassessed after 5 years of an original cross-sectional sample of Manhattan youth 6 to 18 years old. On three of the six types of disturbance strongly related to the total impairment judgments of psychiatrists, specifically those tapping domains of aggression, greater or constant levels of pathology were noted over time. Cross-sectional versus longitudinal analyses on the same types of disturbance had discrepant results half the time. Stability coefficients for five of the six types of disturbance were greater than .55. Stability curves by age cohorts investigated whether a type of disturbance appeared transitory at certain age periods but more crystallized at other ages. Its prognostic significance would vary accordingly. Implications for intervention-treatment and for studies comparing the predictive value of different classes of behavior, e.g., neurotic versus antisocial, are discussed.This investigation was supported by U. S. Public Health Service Project Grants MH-11545 and MH-18260 of the National Institute of Mental Health, Center for Epidemiological Studies. Support for the principal investigator was given by Career Scientist Grants I-338 and I-640 of the Health Research Council of the City of New York. The principal investigator is currently supported through Research Scientist Award K5-MH-20868 of the National Institute of Mental Health.This research was presented in part at the Eastern Psychological Association Meetings, April 3–5, 1975, New York City. 相似文献
17.
Patrick H. Tolan 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1987,15(1):47-65
A substantial body of research suggests that age of onset is a viable discriminator of risk for chronic versus transient delinquency. Also, a mullivariate model of psychosocial variables (demographics, individual, school, and family functioning) appears likely to provide a comparatively accurate and useful discriminatory model for prediction. These two findings were applied to a normal sample of male adolescents (N=199, ages 15–18) to study the relationship of age of onset to delinquent behavior (as opposed to use of legal status to denote delinquency) and legal status. Additionally, the efficiency and improvement over chance accuracy of a multivariate model developed as part of a larger research project was tested. Results indicated that age of onset is an important and accurate discriminator of extent of subsequent delinquency. Subjects with an early age of onset reported more delinquent behavior, were more likely to be adjudicated, and showed different patterns of delinquency. A combination of demographic, individual, school, and family variables predicted age of onset.This work was conducted while the author was a Clinical Research Training Fellow in Adolescence (funded by T32 MH 14668) at the Institute for Psychosomatic and Psychiatric Research and Training, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, in a program also sponsored by the Departments of Behavioral Science and Psychiatry, University of Chicago, and the Adolescent Program of the Illinois State Psychiatric Institute. The author is indebted to Ronald Rosenthal, Daniel Offer, and two anonymous reviewers for their advice and comments on an earlier draft of this article. 相似文献
18.
Teresa M. Preddy Paula J. Fite 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2012,34(2):182-190
Although much research has focused on the association between childhood aggression and negative psychosocial adjustment, the
link between the subtypes of aggression and adjustment is less clear, particularly for relational aggression. The current
study examined whether overt and relational aggression in childhood (M = 10.4 years, SD = 1.1) are differentially associated with four psychosocial adjustment outcomes (i.e., academic performance, social problems,
depression, and delinquency). Results indicated that relational aggression was negatively associated with academic performance,
while overt aggression was positively associated with delinquency. Additionally, findings suggested gender differences in
the link between aggression subtypes and social problems. Specifically, overt aggression was positively associated with social
problems for boys and relational aggression was positively associated with social problems for girls. Neither subtype of aggression
was uniquely associated with depression. Thus, this study suggests that psychosocial outcomes may differ depending on the
form of aggression that is utilized. 相似文献
19.
Ernest N. Jouriles Julian Barling K. Daniel O'Leary 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1987,15(2):165-173
Previous research indicates that children from violent marriages are more likely to suffer from conduct problems and/or anxiety disorders than children from nonviolent, satisfactory marriages. However, knowledge regarding specific factors present in violent marriages relating to child problems is limited. The present study examined the relationships involving interspousal aggression, parent-child aggression, and child behavior problems in a sample of 45 children from maritally violent families. Mothers indicated how often their children witnessed interspousal aggression and were victims of parent-child aggression. Mothers also rated their children's problem behaviors while children reported on their own depressive symptoms. The witnessing of interspousal aggression was highly associated with parental aggression directed toward children. Parent-child aggression related to attention problems, anxiety-withdrawl, motor excess, and conduct problems in children. However, the witnessing of interspousal aggression was not significantly related to child behavior problems. These results are consistent with theoretical predictions linking marital problems to child behavior by virtue of their association with parenting.This research was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid of Research awarded to the first author by Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, and NIMH Grant No. MH35340 awarded to the third author. The authors wish to thank Martha Wray and her staff at VIBS for their help throughout this project. 相似文献