Brauchen wir eine ?Neuropsychotherapie“?

The somewhat crude question of whether we need neuropsychotherapy means more precisely whether its neuroscientific perspective can be useful for the psychotherapeutic practice. To answer this question the traditional scientific approaches do not completely suffice. The ??empirical-technical approach?? of quantitative psychotherapy research is of no service here as neuropsychotherapy is only its continuation. Within the framework of this methodology it is not possible to critically reflect on the relevance of neuroscientific research. Such a reflection is, however, the prerequisite for an evaluation of the benefits of neuropsychotherapy. The question about the meaning of neurobiological processes thus leads to the field of epistemology. This ??theoretical approach?? is nonetheless only helpful within limits. It provides an important background of reflection, however it needs to remain abstract compared to psychotherapeutic practice because it does not integrate the specific goals of such practice. What is presented here instead is an ??approach of pragmatic reflection??. This reflection departs from a general purpose of psychotherapy from which the value of neuropsychotherapy can be appropriately estimated. After this clarification the approach of pragmatic reflection can be preliminarily demonstrated with concrete applications of neuroscience in psychotherapy. What is shown hereby is that neuropsychotherapy represents a very specific practice of argumention and action, which implements a logic into psychotherapy that does not fit its contents and goals.     

?Unsichtbare Wunden“

Exemplifying my own case I show what it meant to be subjected to political imprisonment and aggressive systematic manipulation in East Germany. With a timely distancing from my own trauma, psychoanalytic study and creative artistic work gave me enough room to treat victims of imprisonment and systematic aggression. This process took years with a gradual liberation from pursuing internal objects and the revival of the good, pretraumatic object. This process has risks and is not free from relapses. A case example shows how the therapist can be internalized as a good object and how distance can be gradually gained from malignant pursuing objects, which gives a final prospect for some kind of relief. In this process the author wishes not only to demonstrate but also to overcome the shadows of the past.     

Diagnosenübergreifende Psychoedukation: ?Notbehelf“ oder ?Mittel der Wahl“?

Despite evidence for its efficacy, diagnosis-specific psychoeducation is not routinely applied because the patient numbers per diagnosis are often too low. In an exploratory randomized and controlled trial the efficacy of a bifocal diagnosis-independent group program was tested on inpatients of the Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel (N?=?82) regarding clinical variables, readmission and compliance as well as course-relevant subjective attitudes over a follow-up period of 12 months by means of quantitative as well as qualitative methods. Significant group differences were found regarding compliance at 3 months and the suicide rate, both in favour of the intervention group. For most other outcome variables clear advantages for psychoeducation could be shown. A first analysis of qualitative data revealed a more favourable development in the psychoeducation group, which was statistically significant. The to date sole findings on diagnosis-independent psychoeduation justify its clinical application and further investigation.     

Junge ?Mehrfach- und Intensivt?ter“

Reoffending by young persons has led to the introduction of ??persistent offender programs?? in the police forces of most Federal states. In criminological research, too, multiple delinquencies are a phenomenon which receives a lot of attention. However, quite often there is still no connection between the criminological findings and the way these offenders are managed by the police. Therefore, it is the objective of this contribution to show the potential and the need for a closer interlinking of both areas. In this context, special emphasis is placed on the selection of persons to participate in programs for multiple and prolific offenders, in particular on the often used criterion of a negative prognosis on further delinquency. In principle, the inclusion of the findings of prognosis research promises a potential for optimization. However, police framework conditions need to be given special consideration in this connection. The necessity for interaction arises from the desire to use the limited resources of the police as efficiently as possible. On the other hand any police intervention influences the further course of the lives of young people so that the selection of the target group and the further police measures involve a great deal of responsibility.     

“?rgerlich!?“ Neuronale Korrelate der Verhaltenshemmung auf emotionale Signale

Psychotherapeutic interventions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) primarily aim at the three core symptom clusters of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, which are characteristic for this mental disorder. However, social and emotional difficulties are also very obvious. The ADHD patients experience conflicts with parents and partners, rejection by peers and less friendships, which negatively affects everyday life. Neuroscientific research points to a deficit in ADHD to recognize specific emotions displayed by another person. This dysfunction can be found in children as well as in adults afflicted with this disorder and is especially pronounced for anger. Additionally, the patients have problems to utilize facial anger expressions of others to regulate or inhibit their own behavior. New therapy components are needed in order to reduce this deficit. The possibilities for improving psychotherapy for ADHD by means of neuroscientific methods are discussed.     

是不是“毒药”?

1980年6月16日和18日,上海市瑞金医院护士张××误将亚硝酸钠当作氯化钠给病人灌肠,造成两起病人死亡事件。此事见报后,社会各界对这种严重不负责任的医护态度表示了理所当然的强烈不满。上海市卢湾区人民法院于同年9月22日开庭审判,认定张××误用有毒药品致人死亡,已构成过失杀人罪。根据《中华人民共和国刑法》第133条规定,判处被告张××有期徒刑两年。这样定罪科刑是正确的,但在认定犯罪事实时把亚硝酸钠称为“有毒药品”,似欠妥当。而《文汇报》在9月23日的有关报道中更将亚硝酸钠称作毒药,开头一句就说“瑞金医     

何谓“解释学”?

亚里士多德在《动物志》(第2卷第8页)中陈述了人类语言两个不同的任务:它“说明”和“指出某物”。因此,解释学(Hermeneutik)就是说明的学说,理解的学说。解释学常常被说成解释的学说(也被称之为解释的艺术)。解释学是作为解释的总理论来用的。解释学常常同基督教教义密切相关,同时使解释学历史性的概念有意识地同天主教的传统概念对立起来。在基督教教义里,被强调的是解释学的注解作用。 1625年,J.克劳伯吉尤斯(Johannes Clau-     

“登极”何解?

《哲学研究》1984年第3期刊登了陆钦同志的《评〈庄子今注今译〉》一文,作者对陈著的长短优劣,作了较为客观的评论。然而该文在指出陈著“值得进一步商讨之处”的具体例子中,对“登极”的解释似更不贴切。陆文认为,陈鼓应先生把“登极”解释为“‘登上屋     

“气功治病”?

日前,上虞市百官镇曹娥片街头来了个“和尚”,自称云游到此专以气功给人疗伤治病,且包治包好。 有个中年农妇称自己患有颈椎病,叫那“和尚”给治一下,“和尚”让农妇坐在板凳上,然后自己在掌心中吐了口睡沫,迅速拍在农妇颈上,退后蹲开马步,双臂前伸用两食指遥点过去,     

“你爱我吗?”

提比哩亚海边,复活的主耶稣三次问彼得：“你爱我吗？”（参约21：15-17）对于这段经文,大部分学者都认为,耶稣与彼得的对话,目的是要坚固他的信心,并要求他负起牧养和领导教会的重大责任（钟志邦,《约翰福音》（卷下）,香港：天道书楼有限公司,第427页）。接连三次的追问,“耶稣也许是给彼得三次机会,重新表达他对主的爱,     

“夫妇”怎能“结婚”?

中国的一天五万一千人出生一万七千人死亡二万三千对夫妇结婚 (《文摘周报》)87年10月25日) 夫妇就是夫妻。夫妻就是丈夫和妻子。丈夫和妻子就是男女二人结婚后互相对对方的称呼。因此,“夫妇结婚”,就等于说“已经结婚的男女结婚”,同时也就等于说中国每天有二万三千对夫妇犯重婚罪,这是多么荒唐!     

何谓“西方极乐世界”?

“西方极乐世界”是中国民众最熟知的佛教观念之一,但很多人对其具体含义不甚了解。应读者的要求,我们对它的含义作出解释。     

何谓天主“三位一体”?

一、三位一体的神学定义 在天主教和基督教(新教)的神学术语里,有“三位一体”的说法,即天主有三位,且同属一体。第一位是圣父(基督教称耶和华),第二位是圣子(耶稣),第三位是圣神(基督教称圣灵)。三位彼此间互有区别,而同时又是共属一性一体,无大无小,无先无后的一个天主而不是三个天主,一个天主有三位而不是一     

“颜值”值几何?

<正>"颜值"作为网络词语,近年来比较流行。"颜"当指容颜、外貌,"值"则是指数。"颜值"又名为"靓丽指数",是一个人的容颜或英俊或靓丽与否的一个指数。眼下比较流行的说法有"颜值高"、"颜值飙升",更有"颜值爆表"之说,可见,这"爆表"说明的是"颜值"高得不行,与旧时所描写的"沉鱼落雁之容,闭月羞花之貌"有得一拼。这似乎是一个看脸的时代。在今日社会评价体系中,"颜值"俨然成为排在权     

“颜值”值几何?

颜值是近年来比较流行的一个词汇。“颜”在汉语中意为面容、容貌,“值”则意为数值。颜值即是用来评价人们容貌英俊或靓丽的数值,故又称“靓丽指数”。报端网络常有“颜值爆表”的说法,这表示“颜值”高得不行,借用旧时的描写一定是：沉鱼落雁之容,闭月羞花之貌。     

“卖好烟吗?”

这件事发生在北京某食品商店里。一位年轻人走进商店。他走到卖香烟的柜台前,问柜台里面的售货员:“同志,这里有好烟卖吗?”售货员是一位女同志。她看了年轻人一眼,然后回答说:“我们卖的烟都是好烟!我们从来不卖坏烟!”年轻人:“嗨!我不是这个意思。我是问这里有没有好一点的香烟。”售货员:“我们卖的烟都不坏。”于是,两个人之间就你一句我一句地争论起来了。我们不想在此评论谁是谁非。我们仅想