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大学生性别自我概念的结构 总被引:33,自引:2,他引:31
同时运用外显的自陈式量表和自行设计的内隐联想测验来研究大学生的性别自我概念 ,结果表明 :(1)运用内隐联想测验来测量内隐性别自我概念是可靠、有效、敏感的 ;(2 )在性别自我概念的内隐层面上 ,性别差异十分显著 ;在性别自我概念的外显层面上 ,除了女性正性量表外 ,其他量表上均未表现出显著的差异。 (3)性别自我概念是一个双重的结构 :包括一个内隐的性别自我概念和一个外显的性别自我概念 ,前者是一个一维的未分化的结构 ,后者是一个两维的结构 ,并且二者相对独立 相似文献
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使用青少年依恋问卷、田纳西自我概念量表和中学生孤独感问卷,对上海市207名工读学校学生和116名普通学校学生进行调查,探讨工读学校学生同伴依恋、自我概念与孤独感的特点及关系,结果发现:(1)和普通学生相比,工读学校学生对同伴更缺乏信任、情感更疏离,具有较低的自我概念,体验到的孤独情绪也较强烈;(2)工读学校二年级学生的自我概念比其他年级学生要消极、女生比男生持有更为消极的自我概念,尤其是二年级的女生更为突出,而且女生比男生更容易体会到孤独感;(3)同伴依恋各维度在对孤独感的预测程度和方式上存在着很大的差异;(4)对于不同类型的学生,自我概念的不同维度在同伴依恋与孤独感关系中的中介作用模型是不同的. 相似文献
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自我概念对主观幸福感预测的内隐社会认知研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
从内隐社会认知的观点出发研究自我概念和主观幸福感的结构,并在此基础上探讨自我概念对主观幸福感的影响,得到以下结论:在中国大学生样本中(1)自我概念是双重的,存在外显自我和内隐自我两种成分;(2)主观幸福感结构是双重的,存在外显幸福感和内隐幸福感两种成分;(3)自我概念对主观幸福感的预测模型为:外显自我预测外显幸福感,内隐自我预测内隐幸福感。 相似文献
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问题学生内隐自尊的初步研究 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9
研究结果表明:(1)问题学生和普通学生一样,存在显著的内隐自尊效应。两类学生的内隐自尊效应存在显著的年级差异,但不存在性别差异;(2)总体上问题学生的内隐自尊效应显著高于普通学生,初三阶段,两类学生的内隐自尊的差异显著;(3)问题学生的内隐自尊和外显自尊是相对独立的两个自我评价系统。两类学生内隐自尊和外显自尊的组合状况不同,内隐自尊和外显自尊的分离状况差异显著;(4)问题学生内隐自尊与外显自尊的分离程度与其状态焦虑、特质焦虑和心理健康其他指标存在非常显著相关。 相似文献
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不同同伴关系初中生的自我概念与应对方式 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
运用社会测量法,把238名初中生的同伴关系分为受欢迎、被拒斥、被忽视、有争议和普通型五种类型,用自我描述问卷和应对方式问卷进行测量研究表明:(1)被拒斥学生的数学学业自我概念、一般学校自我概念、与同性关系自我概念、与父母关系自我概念、诚实——可信赖自我概念、一般自我概念等方面显著低于受欢迎、被忽视、有争议和普通组学生;受欢迎组学生的与父母关系自我概念、诚实——可信赖自我概念等方面显著高于被拒斥、被忽视、和普通组学生。(2)被拒斥学生遇到挫折时的问题解决应对方式显著低于受欢迎、被忽视、有争议和普通组学生。 相似文献
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采用整群抽样法选取1806名小学儿童(平均年龄11.27±0.36岁)为被试,考察同伴拒绝、侵害两种同伴关系不利与儿童攻击行为间的关系、以及儿童的自我概念与同伴信念在其中的中介作用.结果发现,(1)同伴拒绝、侵害与儿童的身体攻击、关系攻击显著正相关,与儿童的自我概念、同伴信念显著负相关,自我概念、同伴信念与两类攻击显著相关.(2)同伴拒绝、关系侵害对身体攻击和关系攻击具有正向预测作用;身体侵害仅对身体攻击具有正向预测作用,对关系攻击无显著影响.(3)儿童的身体自我概念、社交自我概念及同伴信念在同伴拒绝、同伴侵害与攻击的联系中具有中介作用.本研究结果表明,同伴拒绝对儿童的身体攻击、关系攻击主要表现为直接效应,不同类型的侵害经历与儿童攻击间的联系存在类型特定性. 相似文献
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本研究采用问卷法,针对随机取样的428名中学生,考察了自我概念的年级与性别特点及其与学业成绩的关系。结果表明:(1)在自我概念总量表和分量表上,中学生存在显著的年级和性别差异;(2)在自我概念子量表上,年级和性别的交互作用显著;(3)在言语自我、数学自我、一般学校、体能自我、父母关系、诚实可信、一般自我等子量表,以及学业、非学业分量表和总量表上,不同学业水平的学生有显著差异;(4)除体能自我、与异性关系和与同性关系子量表外,学业成绩与自我概念有显著正相关,而且学业成绩对自我概念有显著预测性,一般学校自我对学业成绩有显著的预测性。 相似文献
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为了探究成就目标定向在学业自我概念与学业成绩关系中的调节作用,采用语文学业自我概念量表、数学学业自我概念量表和成就目标定向量表对1515名初中生进行测查。结果显示:(1)初中生语文-数学学业自我概念建构过程符合内/外参照模型(Internal/External Frame of Reference Model, I/EM);(2)掌握回避对I/EM的维度比较路径存在调节作用,掌握回避得分越高越易受维度比较效应的影响,该现象对于语文成绩和数学成绩相对差的学生更明显;(3)成绩回避对I/EM的社会比较路径存在调节作用,成绩回避得分越高越不易受社会比较效应的影响,该现象对于语文成绩和数学成绩相对好的学生更明显。本研究揭示了持有不同成就目标定向的初中生在学业自我概念建构过程中的差异,对引导初中生建构积极学业自我概念具有重要启示。 相似文献
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已有研究发现品质/外貌自我评价与外显自尊密切相关且受性别的调节,而内隐品质/外貌自我概念是否与内隐自尊相关以及其中的性别差异尚不明确。本研究采用多因素特质内隐联想测验(MFT-IAT)及内隐联想测验(IAT)测量被试的内隐品质/外貌自我概念以及内隐自尊,结果发现在内隐自我概念里,男性将品质与自我联系更紧密而女性将外貌与自我联结更紧密;内隐品质/外貌自我概念对内隐自尊的预测作用受性别的调节,在男性中内隐积极品质与自我联结越紧密其内隐自尊水平越高,而女性中内隐积极外貌与自我联结越紧密其内隐自尊水平越高。 相似文献
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This study examined the relationship between academic and social self-concept and teachers’ teaching styles (authoritative, authoritarian and permissive). The participants included 511 school students (53.2% females). They completed the Self-Definition Questionnaire (SDQ-I) and the Teacher Authority Questionnaire. Data were analysed to predict self-concept from teaching styles. On the one hand, females’ academic self-concept was positively predicted by authoritative and permissive teaching. However, their social self-concept was only predicted by permissive teaching. On the other hand, males’ academic and social self-concepts were not predicted by any of the teaching styles. Teaching styles seem to support learning self-concept in female students more strongly than in male students. The findings contribute to social cognitive theories when applied to cross-cultural settings. 相似文献
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Advertisements, movies, and other forms of media content have potential to change behaviors and antecedent psychological states by appealing to identity. However, the mechanisms that are responsible for persuasive effects of such content have not been adequately specified. A recently proposed model of communication effects (the prism model) advances the study of mechanisms and argues that identity can serve as both a moderator and mediator of communication effects on behavior-relevant outcomes. These intervening roles are made possible by the complex nature of identity (including multiple self-concepts and sensitivity to cues) and messages that cue the importance of and activate particular self-concepts. This article builds on development of the model by presenting empirical support based on re-analysis of an experiment in which participants viewed either a more-stigmatizing or less-stigmatizing portrayal of a recovering drug addict. In line with the model's propositions, exposure to the less-stigmatizing condition led to increases in perspective taking which then led to more acceptance (mediation by identity), while level of perspective taking also changed the effect of condition on acceptance (moderation by identity). These results provide support for the model's proposition of simultaneous intervening roles. The authors discuss implications for strategic communication research and practice. 相似文献
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为了探讨学业自我概念对学校投入的影响以及群体内部认同的中介作用,使用语文自我概念问卷、数学自我概念问卷、操作自我概念问卷、群体内部认同量表和学校投入问卷,对一、二、三年级的270名技工学生进行了调查,结果表明:(1)有29.62%的技工学生处于低学校投入状态。(2)操作自我概念、语文自我概念和数学自我概念均对学校投入有显著预测作用,其中操作自我概念的作用更为突出;操作自我概念和语文自我概念能够影响群体内部认同,进而影响学校投入,群体内部认同在其中起到了部分中介作用。 相似文献
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Many psychological theories suggest a link between self-regulation and identity, but, until now, a mechanistic account that suggests ways to improve self-regulation has not been put forth. The identity-value model (IVM) connects the idea from social psychology that aspects of identity such as core values and group affiliations hold positive subjective value to the process-focused account from decision making and behavioral economics that self-regulation is driven by a dynamic value integration across a range of choice attributes. Together, these ideas imply that goal-directed behaviors that are identity relevant are more likely to be enacted because they have greater subjective value than identity-irrelevant behaviors. A central hypothesis, therefore, is that interventions that increase the degree to which a target behavior is perceived as self-relevant will improve self-regulation. In addition, identity-based changes in self-regulation are expected to be mediated by changes in subjective value and its underlying neural systems. In this article we define the key constructs relevant to the IVM, explicate the model and delineate its boundary conditions, and describe how it fits with related theories. We also review disparate results in the research literature that might share identity-related value as a common underlying mechanism of action. We close by discussing questions about the model, the answers to which could advance the study of self-regulation. 相似文献
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Rebecca C. Bailly Roderick S. Carman Morris A. Forslund 《The Journal of psychology》2013,147(6):649-656
To investigate gender differences in the dynaijiics of alcohol use, we gathered self-report data from male and female college students. Results of our experiment showed that dominance power motivations were correlated with negative drinking outcomes for both men and women; assertiveness power motivations were associated with negative outcomes only for women. For both sexes, a higher proportion of positive social motivations was associated with fewer negative drinking outcomes. We expect that, in addition to the more traditionally defined needs for dominance power shown to be important for drinking among men, women may use alcohol in relation to needs for assertiveness and self-expression. 相似文献
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