解放神学与马克思主义

本文基于基督宗教和马克思主义的对话,特别分析拉美解放神学在人类灵性方面的价值贡献,指出解放神学可以在一定程度上补充马克思对宗教的批判.     

解放神学的意识形态问题

解放神学有关“穷人”、“行动者”、“解放”等要义的意识形态问题 ,提示宗教不仅是人从当下境遇生发的终极追求 ,也是人 (以团契方式践履 )的现实关怀 ;作为遭受殖民统治、反对独裁与“资本”奴役 ,争取民族国家权益 ,瞩意宗教革新之特定地区特定历史阶段所形成的社会思潮 ,解放神学在与各色各样意识形态的冲突和对话之间 ,体现了基督宗教多元发展的文化—政治神学转向 ,其富有特色的释经原则、信仰理解和教会运动 ,别开生面地诠释了一些为无神论者所忽略的马克思主义立场、观点和方法 ,影响深远地透析出源于宗教政治中的马克思主义精神力量     

Prison Theology: A Theology of Liberation,Hope and Justice

Abstract : In our nation today, the number of prisons and prisoners continue to grow at rates that are out‐of‐control. One in 100 of our citizens is in jail or prison, the highest ratio in the world. Unlike the poor, homeless, critically ill, and elderly, those in prison are separated from us to the degree they are unseen. Unseen also, is the oppressiveness of the criminal justice system that oversees more than 6.5 million people either in confinement or on probation or parole. Liberation theology, which advocates and works toward freeing people from oppression, includes feminist, black, womanist and Latino/Hispanic movements. This article proposes prison theology as part of the liberation theology family and identifies a prison theology based on liberation, hope and justice. It encourages a prison theology movement led by the church to liberate those under the oppressiveness of the criminal justice system, especially those confined and to energize a passion for justice and compassion for the oppressed throughout the criminal justice system.     

On the Dialectics of Liberation Theology

In this article the author argues that no coherent theology of liberation is possible if that theory's rational grounding of historical analysis is based on the dialectics of scientific socialism. After a brief outline of the affinities between the Marxist and Christian salvation histories, the author discusses the scientific status of the dialectical laws, highlights the role that dialectics play in the theology of liberation developed by Gustavo Gutierrez (1973), and reflects on the future development of liberation theology.     

Development and Environment: in Dialogue with Liberation Theology

There was indeed a time when Environment and Development were not on speaking terms…Those who loved the environment regarded those who championed progress and 'development' as the enemy, and those who wanted to develop the poorest peoples and nations felt that much of the 'environment would have to be sacrificed in this worthwhile endeavour.¹     

Palestinian Liberation Theology: Creative Resistance to Occupation

The ongoing Israeli occupation of the Palestinian Territories has widely affected the Christian population in the region. This study focuses narrowly on the diminishing minority of Palestinian Christians, and how their position under occupation has led to the development of Palestinian Liberation Theology and practices of creative resistance. It begins by acknowledging the unique position of Palestinian Christians as liminal yet indigenous members of society. It then explores their complex collective identity, demonstrating how specific facets of their historic identity (i.e. denominationalism, Arabism, and political station) have been preserved, and how these inform their theological and practical responses to the changing socio-political landscape. It goes on to probe the degree of consensus around Palestinian Liberation Theology, as well as prominent manifestations of the ideology in response to occupation. Ultimately, this study finds that Palestinian Liberation Theology represents a creative and valuable contribution to the national struggle for liberation, providing a shared ideology and culturally specific blueprint for revolutionary collective action guided by plurality, nonviolence, and collaboration.     

Liberation Theology: An Introduction to Its History and Themes

In the first part of this overview of Latin American liberation theology I trace the development of, and opposition to, the movement between 1968 and 1984. In the second part I examine six of liberation theology's leading characteristics: solidarity with the poor, conscientization (consciousness raising), the emphasis on orthopraxy, the recognition of structural violence, liberation and the Bible, and base communities. The article concludes with a brief overview of this special issue of Counseling and Values.     

第二代解放神学——草民神学管窥

本文通过对阿根廷神学家斯坎诺内著作的分析,讨论了解放神学的基本脉络,特别指出六八年世界范围内的革命这一事件对解放神学的重大意义,在教会内部则是有着长久历史的社会教义传统本身可以提供对解放神学的支持,这在解放神学的方法论问题上尤为重要,而在方法论上的不同使得第二代解放神学有别于第一代解放神学.最后笔者吁请关注六八年,关注拉丁美洲.     

拉丁美洲的解放神学与解放哲学

本文梳理了拉丁美洲解放神学和解放哲学的出发点、历史处境、基本特征和其发展的不同阶段,分析了解放神学和解放哲学内部不同派别的分野所在,并讨论了这些派别与马克思主义的关系,通过解放神学和解放哲学说明真宗教对拉丁美洲被压迫人民的解放作出了自己的贡献.