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1.
Phenomenology of the body and the third generation of cognitive science, both of which attribute a central role in human cognition
to the body rather than to the Cartesian notion of representation, face the criticism that higher-level cognition cannot be
fully grasped by those studies. The problem here is how explicit representations, consciousness, and thoughts issue from perception
and the body, and how they cooperate in human cognition. In order to address this problem, we propose a research program,
a cognitive phenomenology of the body, which is basically motivated by the perspective of Merleau-Ponty. We find a substantial clue in developmental psychological
studies on the body and language.
相似文献
Shoji Nagataki (Corresponding author)Email: |
Satoru HiroseEmail: |
2.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
3.
Visual perspective taking research has established that chimpanzees recognize what others can or cannot see in the presence
of occluding barriers. Less is known about chimpanzees’ appreciation of what they themselves can or cannot see in similar
situations. Additionally, it is unclear whether chimpanzees must rely on others’ gaze cues to solve such tasks or whether
they have a more general appreciation of what can be seen from where. Hence, we investigated chimpanzees’ ability to anticipate
what they would or would not be able to see from different visual perspectives. Food was hidden among arrays of open containers,
with different containers providing visual access from unique viewing perspectives. Chimpanzees immediately adopted the correct
perspective for each container type. Follow-up experiments showed that they were not simply moving to align themselves with
visible openings. Our study thus suggests that chimpanzees have good visual perspective taking abilities with regard to themselves
as well as others, and that both likely reflect a more general knowledge, at least implicit, of what can be seen from where.
相似文献
Josep CallEmail: |
4.
Uriah Kriegel 《Philosophical Studies》2008,141(1):79-95
The ontology of (merely) intentional objects is a can of worms. If we can avoid ontological commitment to such entities, we
should. In this paper, I offer a strategy for accomplishing that. This is to reject the traditional act-object account of
intentionality in favor of an adverbial account. According to adverbialism about intentionality, having a dragon thought is
not a matter of bearing the thinking-about relation to dragons, but of engaging in the activity of thinking dragon-wise.
相似文献
Uriah KriegelEmail: |
5.
Ernest Sosa 《Philosophical Studies》2009,144(1):137-147
Paul Boghossian discusses critically my account of intuition as a source of epistemic status. Stewart Cohen takes up my views
on skepticism, on dreams, and on epistemic competence and competences and their relation to human knowledge. Hilary Kornblith
focuses on my animal/reflective distinction, and, along with Cohen, on my comparison between how dreams might mislead us and
how other bad epistemic contexts can do so. In this paper I offer replies to my three critics.
相似文献
Ernest SosaEmail: |
6.
7.
Ian Hargraves 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2007,20(3):131-139
In examining representations of cities, disease, and human biology, this paper reflects on what technologies reveal of the
conditions to which they’re turned.
相似文献
Ian HargravesEmail: |
8.
9.
Marjorie Spear Price 《Philosophia》2008,36(1):129-140
According to the Particularist Theory of Events, events are real things that have a spatiotemporal location. I argue that
some events do not have a spatial location in the sense required by the theory. These events are ordinary, nonmental events
like Smith’s investigating the murder and Carol’s putting her coat on the chair. I discuss the significance of these counterexamples
for the theory.
相似文献
Marjorie Spear PriceEmail: |
10.
Hilla Jacobson-Horowitz 《Philosophia》2008,36(4):509-529
It is a common conviction among philosophers who hold that phenomenal properties, qualia, are distinct from any cognitive,
intentional, or functional properties, that it is possible to trace the neural correlates of these properties. The main purpose
of this paper is to present a challenge to this view, and to show that if “non-cognitive” phenomenal properties exist at all,
they lie beyond the reach of neuroscience. In the final section it will be suggested that they also lie beyond the reach of
psychology, so that they may be said to lie beyond the reach of science.
相似文献
Hilla Jacobson-HorowitzEmail: |
11.
Ira Newman 《Philosophia》2008,36(1):43-54
Philosophers have often applied a distinctively epistemic framework to the question of how moral knowledge can be derived
from fictional literature, by considering how true propositions, or their argumentative support, can be the cognitive fruits
of reading works of fiction. I offer an alternative approach. I focus not on whether readers fail to assent to the truth of
a proposition or fail to provide it rational support. Instead, I focus on how readers fail to accord a truth (which they already
accept) adequate importance in their web of beliefs about living a good human life. This is a form of ignorance, but in the
form of neglect, or failure to pay proper regard – which is one sense of the term ‘forgetfulness’. I argue that works of fictional
literature may, at times, stimulate audience members to overcome their own particular forms of forgetfulness in this respect.
And I use Tolstoy’s The Death of Ivan Ilyich as a case in point.
相似文献
Ira NewmanEmail: |
12.
Robert D. Heslep 《Studies in Philosophy and Education》2009,28(4):329-349
This paper argues that an educated being logically does not have to be a human. Philosophers analyzing the concept of education
have reached a consensual notion of the matter; but in applying that idea, they have barely discussed whether or not human
beings are the only entities that may be educated. Using their notion as the core of a heuristic conception of education,
this paper attempts to show that in some contexts it might make sense to predicate education of certain non-human entities.
In addition, the paper examines the place of beliefs, reflective intelligence, practical thinking, and feelings in education.
It concludes by discussing its implications for educational theory and practice and for the connections between the educated
being and personhood and the right to education.
相似文献
Robert D. HeslepEmail: |
13.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
14.
The present diary study investigates the moderating effect of passion on the relation between activity engagement and daily
positive affect. In line with past research (Vallerand et al. 2003, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 756) it is suggested that people with an obsessive passion have more difficulties putting their passion aside to invest
themselves in other activities, to a point where they fail to experience positive affect during these activities. A sample
of 154 college students reported their daily activity engagement and positive affect over a 2-week period. HLM analyses show
that the more people have an obsessive passion the more they experience accentuated decreases in positive affect during days
when they do not engage in their passion compared to days when they do. In contrast, harmonious passion predicts daily positive
affect on days when people engage in their activity. These results are discussed in light of previous research on passion
and positive affect.
相似文献
Geneviève A. MageauEmail: |
15.
Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation: The Development and Initial Validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
Greg Feldman Adele Hayes Sameet Kumar Jeff Greeson Jean-Philippe Laurenceau 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(3):177-190
As interest grows in mindfulness training as a psychosocial intervention, it is increasingly important to quantify this construct
to facilitate empirical investigation. The goal of the present studies was to develop a brief self-report measure of mindfulness
with items that cover the breadth of the construct and that are written in everyday language. The resulting 12-item measure
demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with concurrent measures
of mindfulness, distress, well-being, emotion-regulation, and problem-solving approaches in three samples of university students.
To address potential construct contamination in two items, data are also presented on an alternate 10-item version of the
measure.
相似文献
Greg FeldmanEmail: |
16.
Kious BM 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2008,29(4):213-234
There is currently much concern over the use of pharmaceuticals and other biomedical techniques to enhance athletic performance—a
practice we might refer to as doping. Many justifications of anti-doping efforts claim that doping involves a serious moral
transgression. In this article, I review a number of arguments in support of that claim, but show that they are not conclusive,
suggesting that we do not have good reasons for thinking that doping is wrong.
相似文献
Brent M. KiousEmail: |
17.
Haye AA 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2008,42(2):157-163
One of the main goals of cognitive science is to shed light on human knowledge. This paper states that, if daily conversations,
literature, and private thought, are proper expressions of human behavior, then cognitive sciences ought to elaborate a concept
of knowledge suited to this kind of activities. I draw upon the notion of discourse in Bakhtin to specify the attributes of
knowing needed to account for human behavior, whose manifestations in everyday life are not reduced to representing objects
but essentially oriented toward responding to others. As a central aspect of knowledge, I focus on intentionality and offer
a discussion about different aspects of it. Specifically, I examine the difference between intentionality as the faculty of
representation (aboutness) and intentionality as the subjective positioning toward contextually relevant ideological perspectives
(meaning).
相似文献
Andrés A. HayeEmail: |
18.
Anna Bjurman Pautz 《Philosophical Studies》2008,141(2):147-156
There seems to be a perfectly ordinary sense in which different speakers can use an empty name to talk about the same thing.
Call this fictional coreference. It is a constraint on an adequate theory of empty names that it provide a satisfactory account of fictional coreference.
The main claim of this paper is that the pretense theory of empty names does not respect this constraint.
相似文献
Anna Bjurman PautzEmail: |
19.
Guobin Yang 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2009,22(2):109-115
Raymond Williams’ work on television as a cultural form offers a theoretical basis for overcoming technological determinism
in the study of the Internet. The Internet in China exerts social and political influences through the cultural forms it enables
and then only when these forms respond to the human condition. Chinese Internet culture consists of new cultural forms that
emerge out of the interactions between Internet and society and that are the products of both cultural tradition and innovation.
相似文献
Guobin YangEmail: |
20.
Jesse Ramon Steinberg 《Sophia》2008,47(2):193-199
In this paper I discuss a number of problems associated with the suggestion that it is possible for God to randomly select
a possible world for actualization.
相似文献
Jesse Ramon SteinbergEmail: |