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社区老年人心理健康评价模式研究 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
在已有研究证据和理论框架基础上,本文对社区老年人心理健康状况(PWB)的理论构念及其多指标评价模型进行实证研究。验证性因素分析表明,从正性情感、负性情感摆脱、愿望与实际所得的符合程度以及自尊感四个核心领域对PWB进行综合评价的模型与社区老年人(N=220)测评数据的拟合度良好。研究结果也表明,根据该模型而建立的量表具有符合心理测量学要求的信度和效度,能够对社区老年人的心理健康状况进行有效评价,并可用于老年心理疾患的筛查。 相似文献
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心理理论指对他人心理状态的理解,是一种毕生发展的能力。但之前的研究在研究对象和研究内容上存在一些缺陷。本文介绍了一种新范式——矩阵博弈(matrix game),对利用其研究心理理论进行了可行性分析,同时指出了两者相结合的理论基础和实证证据。未来研究可利用矩阵博弈来研究更广年龄范围人群心理理论的发展轨迹,并借助fMRI等技术来测查矩阵博弈中心理理论推理的脑机制。 相似文献
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20世纪70年代以来,随着自由主义弱势民主的缺陷弊端日益凸显,在西方出现了参与式民主理论复兴的热潮,其中巴伯的强势民主理论备受瞩目。本研究通过对南京市若干城乡社区的实证调查,对社区强势民主成长的实践进行实证层面的深入解析,研究中发现当前充分实现社区强势民主似乎还比较理想化。因此本研究尝试对影响社区强势民主成长缓慢的深层原因进行解析与反思,期望可以为社区强势民主从虚幻的民主景象走向民主的真实图景提供一些可行性的数据支持和建议。而本研究的分析也表明,中国要想通过强势民主的实践而达到有效的民主治理,还有很多的工作要做,还有很漫长的路要走。 相似文献
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"心理理论"的实验任务与研究趋向 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
20世纪80年代以来,“心理理论”已成为发展心理学的研究热点和最活跃、最多产的领域。本文介绍了“心理理论”的涵义,解释为什么称之为“理论”,在作者自己实证研究的基础上,对“心理理论”实验任务进行了总结分析。主要从实验任务的角度探讨心理理论研究中存在的问题和认知与神经机制方面的发展趋向。 相似文献
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心理契约对组织公民行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文从组织公民行为的界定基础、产生背景和行为动机三个方面剖析了心理契约与组织公民行为的内在联系,从逻辑上支持了两者的因果关系。在此基础上文章分直接、间接影响两部分回顾了国内外关于心理契约影响组织公民行为的实证研究,并从总体研究状况、理论视角、实证方法三个方面对研究中存在的问题进行评述,以及提出未来研究方向 相似文献
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文章介绍了我国著名心理学家车文博先生对于无意识理论研究的重要贡献,并结合引证内隐学习、内隐记忆以及内隐社会认知等领域的实证研究成果,呈现了目前国内无意识心理研究其理论与实证交融并共同发展的蓬勃景象。 相似文献
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社区心理学在欧美和拉丁美洲的应用心理领域具有一定的影响。文章介绍了社区心理学的发历史、
主要原则和研究内容,分析了西方社区心理学的理论假设和人与环境作用论、人的行为背景和气
氛、系统理论模型,并指出了西方社区心理学的可取之处和缺陷所在。 相似文献
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西方社区心理学的发展及述评 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
社区心理学在欧美和拉丁美洲的应用心理领域具有一定的影响。章介绍了社区心理学的发历史、主要原则和研究内容,分析了西方社区心理学的理论假设和人与环境作用论、人的行为背景和气氛、系统理论模型,并指出了西方社区心理学的可取之处和缺陷所在。 相似文献
11.
Christens BD 《American journal of community psychology》2012,50(1-2):114-128
Psychological empowerment has been theorized as a construct with emotional, behavioral and cognitive components. Yet, many studies have stressed that empowerment processes are contingent on interpersonal relationships. Moreover, theory suggests that power is developed and exercised through relationships. This article makes the case that expanding our conceptions of psychological empowerment through the addition of a relational component can enhance our understanding of psychological empowerment and the effectiveness of empowerment-oriented community practice. Previous research on empowerment is reviewed for relational content, and additional insights into the relational context of empowerment processes are marshaled from other concepts in community research including social capital, sense of community, social networks, social support, and citizen participation. A new iteration of the nomological network for psychological empowerment is presented, including the elements of a relational component. 相似文献
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Marc A. Zimmerman Barbara A. Israel Amy Schulz Barry Checkoway 《American journal of community psychology》1992,20(6):707-727
Developed empowerment theory and replicated previous research on citizen participation and perceived control. Few investigators have designed studies that specifically test empowerment theory. This research further extends a theoretical model of psychological empowerment that includes intrapersonal, interactional, and behavioral components, by studying a large randomly selected urban and suburban community sample and examining race differences. Results suggest that one underlying dimension that combines different measures of perceived control may be interpreted as the intrapersonal component of psychological empowerment, because it distinguishes groups defined by their level of participation in community organizations and activities (behavioral component). The association found between the intrapersonal and behavioral components is consistent with empowerment theory. Interaction effects between race groups and participation suggest that participation may be more strongly associated with the intrapersonal component of psychological empowerment for African Americans than for white individuals. Implications for empowerment theory and intervention design are discussed.
The authors express appreciation to Steven Rosenstone who was the Principal Investigator for the Detroit Area Study from which the data for our study is based. We also thank Deborah A. Salem and the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. 相似文献
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Citizen participation,perceived control,and psychological empowerment 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
The research integrates the citizen participation literature with research on perceived control in an effort to further our understanding of psychological empowerment. Eleven indices of empowerment representing personality, cognitive, and motivational measures were identified to represent the construct. Three studies examined the relationship between empowerment and participation. The first study examined differences among groups identified by a laboratory manipulation as willing to participate in personally relevant or community relevant situations. Study II examined differences for groups defined by actual involvement in community activities and organizations. Study III replicated Study II with a different population. In each study, individuals reporting a greater amount of participation scored higher on indices of empowerment. Psychological empowerment could be described as the connection between a sense of personal competence, a desire for, and a willingness to take action in the public domain. Discriminant function analyses resulted in one significant dimension, identified as pyschological empowerment, that was positively correlated with leadership and negatively correlated with alienation. 相似文献
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Bronwyn A. Hunter Leonard A. Jason Christopher B. Keys 《American journal of community psychology》2013,51(1-2):91-102
Empowerment is an interdisciplinary construct heavily grounded in the theories of community psychology. Although empowerment has a strong theoretical foundation, few context-specific quantitative measures have been designed to evaluate empowerment for specific populations. The present study explored the factor structure of a modified empowerment scale with a cross-sectional sample of 296 women in recovery from substance use who lived in recovery homes located throughout the United States. Results from an exploratory factor analysis identified three factors of psychological empowerment which were closely related to previous conceptualizations of psychological empowerment: self-perception, resource knowledge and participation. Further analyses demonstrated a hierarchical relationship among the three factors, with resource knowledge predicting participation when controlling for self-perception. Finally, a correlational analysis demonstrated the initial construct validity of each factor, as each factor of empowerment was significantly and positively related to self-esteem. Implications for the application of psychological empowerment theory and research are discussed. 相似文献
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Brian D. Christens Jessica J. Collura Faizan Tahir 《American journal of community psychology》2013,52(1-2):170-184
Leaders in struggles for social justice agree on the importance and the difficulty of maintaining hopefulness while developing critical awareness of social issues. Research has indicated that the analogous components of psychological empowerment (emotional and cognitive) often do not co-vary across populations. This study used a person-centered analytic approach, latent class analysis, to identify subpopulations of participants (n = 1,322) according to the cognitive and emotional components of psychological empowerment. Four distinct sub-groups emerged: those who were relatively (1) critical but alienated, (2) uncritical but hopeful, (3) uncritical and alienated, or (4) critical and hopeful. These clusters were then examined for demographic differences and relationships with a set of conceptually relevant variables including social capital, psychological sense of community, openness, organizational participation and mental wellbeing. Results shed light on the complexity of empowerment processes and yield implications for ongoing community research and action. 相似文献
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The paper reports a study of participatory experiences among members of power-based community organizations. A path model of psychological empowerment was tested. Perceived relational characteristics of the community organization were hypothesized as exogenous to participation, perceived organizational power and psychological empowerment. An alternative model was reproduced with the strongest relationships between perceived organizational intimacy and psychological empowerment and an inverse relationship between perceived organizational regulation and perceptions of organizational power. 相似文献
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基于授权认知模型、社会认同理论等理论考察了心理授权对农村小学校长工作满意度的影响以及职业认同的中介效应和情绪智力的调节效应。采用心理授权量表、职业认同量表、情绪智力量表与工作满意度量表对随机抽取的269名农村小学校长进行调查。结果显示:(1)心理授权、职业认同、情绪智力与工作满意度这四个变量均两两正相关;(2)心理授权、职业认同会正向预测农村小学校长工作满意度,心理授权会正向预测职业认同;(3)职业认同在心理授权与工作满意度之间起中介作用;(4)情绪智力调节了职业认同对农村小学校长工作满意度的影响。因此,心理授权对农村小学校长工作满意度的影响是一个有调节的中介效应。 相似文献
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Alexander Cheryomukhin N. Andrew Peterson 《American journal of community psychology》2014,53(3-4):382-393
Research and evaluation studies measuring the construct of empowerment within international community development and human rights initiatives are rare due to a lack of validated measures appropriate for the cultural context. This study represents an initial effort to develop and test the Brief Azerbaijani Empowerment Scale (BAES), an instrument designed to assess relational and intrapersonal components of psychological empowerment among adult community residents (n = 350) in Azerbaijan, a former Soviet country with a predominantly Muslim culture. Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the underlying dimensionality of the BAES, and path analysis was used to examine relationships between subscales of the BAES and a set of conceptually relevant variables (i.e., alienation, sense of community, and involvement in community organizations). Findings supported the reliability and validity of the BAES, which may be useful to future efforts to develop more comprehensive measures of intrapersonal and relational empowerment. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
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Employee Empowerment: An Integrative Psychological Approach 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Sanjay Menon 《Psychologie appliquee》2001,50(1):153-180
An integrative psychological approach to employee empowerment was developed based on the premise that the psychological experience of power underlies feelings of empowerment. This research extends existing perspectives on empowerment by incorporating the empowering effect of valued goals, such as those provided by transformational leadership. Goal internalisation was identified as a major component of the psychological experience of empowerment, in addition to the two traditional facets of perceptions of control over the work environment and perceptions of self‐efficacy or competence. Standard measure development procedures using a sample of employed individuals from Quebec, Canada and subsequent validation with an organisational sample from Ontario, Canada yielded a three‐factor scale of psychological empowerment corresponding to these three dimensions. The implications of defining empowerment as a psychological state and the need for multiple measures of empowerment are also discussed. 相似文献