共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Michael K. Cundall Jr. 《Philosophia》2006,34(4):379-393
In this paper I argue that the cognitive system is best viewed as a continuum of cognitive processing from modules to central
systems rather than having these as discrete and wholly different modes of cognitive processing. I rely on recent evidence
on the development of theory of mind (ToM) abilities and the developmental disorder of autism. I then turn to the phenomenology
of modular processes. I show that modular outputs have a stronger force than non-modular or central system outputs. I then
evaluate social cognitions and show them to occupy a middle ground with respect to phenomenal strength between modular and
non-modular outputs. The evidence presented then seems to indicate a continuum of cognitive processing rather than the traditional
division between modules and central systems.
相似文献
Michael K. Cundall Jr.Email: |
2.
Lyon P 《Cognitive processing》2006,7(1):11-29
After half a century of cognitive revolution we remain far from agreement about what cognition is and what cognition does.
It was once thought that these questions could wait until the data were in. Today there is a mountain of data, but no way
of making sense of it. The time for tackling the fundamental issues has arrived. The biogenic approach to cognition is introduced
not as a solution but as a means of approaching the issues. The traditional, and still predominant, methodological stance
in cognitive inquiry is what I call the anthropogenic approach: assume human cognition as the paradigm and work ‘down’ to
a more general explanatory concept. The biogenic approach, on the other hand, starts with the facts of biology as the basis
for theorizing and works ‘up’ to the human case by asking psychological questions as if they were biological questions. Biogenic
explanations of cognition are currently clustered around two main frameworks for understanding biology: self-organizing complex
systems and autopoiesis. The paper describes the frameworks and infers from them ten empirical principles—the biogenic ‘family
traits’—that constitute constraints on biogenic theorizing. Because the anthropogenic approach to cognition is not constrained
empirically to the same degree, I argue that the biogenic approach is superior for approaching a general theory of cognition
as a natural phenomenon.
相似文献
Pamela LyonEmail: |
3.
Wai-chi Rodney Chu 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2008,21(1):29-35
This paper provides a preliminary examination of the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs)—limited to mobile
phone and internet use—in contemporary China. Based on fieldwork undertaken since 2003 in Guangzhou and Beijing, the paper
focuses on the relationship between society and technology in the Chinese cultural context. An analysis of the data on ICT
use in China shows how Chinese cultural traits and the speed of the ICT evolution in China have combined to bring about a
unique cyber experience. This analysis may be helpful to other scholars who wish to compare the impact of ICTs in various
cultures or who are interested in discovering how Mainland China went ‘cyber’.
相似文献
Wai-chi Rodney ChuEmail: |
4.
Albert Atkin 《Philosophia》2008,36(3):313-326
This paper traces a lost genealogical connection between Charles S. Peirce’s later theory of signs and contemporary work in
the philosophy of language by John Perry. As is shown, despite some differences, both accounts offer what might be termed
a multi-level account of meaning. Moreover, it is claimed that by adopting a ‘Peircian turn’ in his theory, Perry might overcome
alleged shortcomings in his account of cognitive significance.
相似文献
Albert AtkinEmail: |
5.
Ishtiyaque Haji 《Sophia》2009,48(1):1-14
In this paper, I expose a conundrum regarding divine creation as Leibniz conceives of such creation. What energizes the conundrum
is that the concept of omnibenevolence—“consequential omnibenevolence”—that the Leibnizian argument for the view that the
actual world is the best of all possible worlds presupposes, appears to sanction the conclusion that God has no practical
reasons to create the actual world.
相似文献
Ishtiyaque HajiEmail: |
6.
Valsiner J 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2008,42(1):1-5
This Special Issue of IPBS brings the old metaphor of William James—consciousness as a “stream of thought”—to a contemporary
critical inspection. It is demonstrated—based on materials of language (Panksepp 2008; Shanahan 2008), perception (Engelmann
2008) and dialogical self (Bertau 2008) that the classic river metaphor is an inadequate depiction of the multi-level psychological
processes that are regulated by the affective systems of the brain and hierarchically integrated through dialogical and semiotic
mechanisms.
Jaan Valsiner is Editor-in-Chief of IPBS, and the founding editor of Culture & Psychology (Sage/London). He is the author of ten monographs and numerous edited books, focusing on the epistemology of knowledge in the social sciences. He also edits Transaction Publishers’ new book series History and Theory of Psychology. 相似文献
Jaan ValsinerEmail: |
Jaan Valsiner is Editor-in-Chief of IPBS, and the founding editor of Culture & Psychology (Sage/London). He is the author of ten monographs and numerous edited books, focusing on the epistemology of knowledge in the social sciences. He also edits Transaction Publishers’ new book series History and Theory of Psychology. 相似文献
7.
Chris R. Schlauch 《Pastoral Psychology》2007,56(2):199-221
Diverse religious communities and traditions share certain common notions among the ways of life they seek to cultivate, notions
that contemporary psychoanalysis can illumine. This essay offers three contributions: (a) substantive—characterizing features
of a way: being-there-with-and-for; (b) methodological—outlining genres of relating psychology and religion; (c) philosophical—discussing
relations between epistemology and ontology (that is, between maps and territory).
Chris R. Schlauch is Associate Professor of Counseling Psychology and Religion, and Psychology of Religion at Boston University. 相似文献
Chris R. SchlauchEmail: |
Chris R. Schlauch is Associate Professor of Counseling Psychology and Religion, and Psychology of Religion at Boston University. 相似文献
8.
David Morris 《Human Studies》2008,31(4):399-421
This article studies the phenomenology of chronic illness in light of phenomenology’s insights into ecstatic temporality and
freedom. It shows how a chronic illness can, in lived experience, manifest itself as a disturbance of our usual relation to
ecstatic temporality and thence as a disturbance of freedom. This suggests that ecstatic temporality is related to another
sort of time—“provisional time”—that is in turn rooted in the body. The article draws on Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception and Heidegger’s Being and Time, shedding light on the latter’s concept of ecstatic temporality. It also discusses implications for self-management of chronic
illness, especially in children.
相似文献
David MorrisEmail: |
9.
Kenneth P. Winkler 《Philosophia》2009,37(3):477-501
Locke is what present-day aestheticians, critics, and historians call an intentionalist. He believes that when we interpret
speech and writing, we aim—in large part and perhaps even for the most part—to recover the intentions, or intended meanings,
of the speaker or writer. Berkeley and Hume shared Locke’s commitment to intentionalism, but it is a theme that recent philosophical
interpreters of all three writers have left largely unexplored. In this paper I discuss the bearing of intentionalism on more
familiar themes in empiricist reflections on language, among them the signification of things (as opposed to ideas); the signifying
role of whole propositions; and the possibility of reference to an “external” world.
相似文献
Kenneth P. WinklerEmail: |
10.
Lassègue J 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2008,42(1):27-31
In his article ‘A New View of Language, Emotion and the Brain,’ Dan Shanahan claims that the post-war Cognitive Turn focused
mainly on information processing and that little attention was paid to the dramatic role played by emotion in human cognition.
One key argument in his defence of a more comprehensive view of human cognition rests upon the idea that the process of symbolization—a
unique capacity only developed by humans—combines, right from the start, information processing and feelings. The author argues
that any theory ignoring this fact would miss the whole point, just as mainstream cognitive science has done since Noam Chomsky
published Syntactic Structures, exactly 50 years ago.
Jean Lassègue Researcher with the CNRS, Paris, France. Main research topics: Theory of Symbolic Forms and Activities; Anthropology of Culture; Epistemology of Cognitive Science 相似文献
Jean LassègueEmail: |
Jean Lassègue Researcher with the CNRS, Paris, France. Main research topics: Theory of Symbolic Forms and Activities; Anthropology of Culture; Epistemology of Cognitive Science 相似文献
11.
Mythological language is sometimes understood as a way of representing, by concrete imagery, more abstract notions. In this
paper, we will pose some metaphysical questions about the possibility of such a representation. These questions will serve
to motivate a brief tour of Mishkāt al-Anwār (Niche of Lights)—Abu Hamid al-Ghazali’s commentary on the famous ayat al-nur (“verse of light”) of the Qur’an—wherein is discussed, among
other things, how symbolic imagery is possible, and “the respect in which the spirits of the meanings are specified within
the frames of the similitudes.”
相似文献
Edward Omar MoadEmail: |
12.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
13.
Bas C. van Fraassen 《Philosophical Studies》2009,143(1):5-24
The story of how Perrin’s experimental work established the reality of atoms and molecules has been a staple in (realist)
philosophy of science writings (Wesley Salmon, Clark Glymour, Peter Achinstein, Penelope Maddy, …). I’ll argue that how this
story is told distorts both what the work was and its significance, and draw morals for the understanding of how theories
can be or fail to be empirically grounded.
相似文献
Bas C. van FraassenEmail: |
14.
Dan Arnold 《Argumentation》2008,22(1):135-147
This paper examines some Indian philosophical arguments that are understandable as transcendental arguments—i.e., arguments
whose conclusions cannot be denied without self-contradiction, insofar as the truth of the claim in question is a condition
of the possibility even of any such denial. This raises the question of what kind of self-contradiction is involved—e.g.,
pragmatic self-contradiction, or the kind that goes with logical necessity. It is suggested that these arguments involve something like practical reason—indeed, that they just are arguments against the primacy of “theoretical reason.” This characterization illuminates a characteristically
Indic appeal to ordinary language.
相似文献
Dan ArnoldEmail: |
15.
Jens Johansson 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2009,12(3):247-256
Chris Heathwood has recently put forward a novel and ingenious argument against the view that intrinsic value is analyzable
in terms of fitting attitudes. According to Heathwood, this view holds water only if the related but distinct concept of welfare—intrinsic
value for a person—can be analyzed in terms of fitting attitudes too. Moreover, he argues against such an analysis of welfare by appealing to
the rationality of our bias towards the future. In this paper, I argue that so long as we keep the tenses and the intrinsic/extrinsic
distinction right, the fitting-attitudes analysis of welfare can be shown to survive Heathwood’s criticism.
相似文献
Jens JohanssonEmail: Email: |
16.
The present study experimentally examined how counselor perceptions of hypothetical students are affected by student gender
and socioeconomic status (SES). Results showed that counselors perceive students from low SES backgrounds as having less promising
futures and lower math abilities. Counselors also rated female students as lower in math abilities than male students. Our
results indicate that institutions should consider providing more school counselor training to reduce bias based on gender
and SES.
相似文献
Mara S. Aruguete (Corresponding author)Email: |
17.
Phenomenology of the body and the third generation of cognitive science, both of which attribute a central role in human cognition
to the body rather than to the Cartesian notion of representation, face the criticism that higher-level cognition cannot be
fully grasped by those studies. The problem here is how explicit representations, consciousness, and thoughts issue from perception
and the body, and how they cooperate in human cognition. In order to address this problem, we propose a research program,
a cognitive phenomenology of the body, which is basically motivated by the perspective of Merleau-Ponty. We find a substantial clue in developmental psychological
studies on the body and language.
相似文献
Shoji Nagataki (Corresponding author)Email: |
Satoru HiroseEmail: |
18.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
19.
Gregory Landini 《Axiomathes》2009,19(2):115-142
This is a critical discussion of Nino B. Cocchiarella’s book “Formal Ontology and Conceptual Realism.” It focuses on paradoxes
of hyperintensionality that may arise in formal systems of intensional logic.
相似文献
Gregory LandiniEmail: |
20.