权力主体忠诚于权力客体:和谐社会的权力伦理基础

权利与权力之所以是法律的最重要现象,是宪政的最基本矛盾,是因为它们是构建社会秩序的核心要素.和谐社会诸要素关系的相互融洽必须以权力主体与权力客体的良性互动为根本.这种良性互动关系内生出权力的诸多道德诉求和伦理品质,其中一个重要的伦理维度就是权力主体忠诚于权力客体.     

Rethinking Power

This paper argues that feminists have yet to develop a satisfactory account of power. Existing feminist accounts of power tend to have a one-sided emphasis either on power as domination or on power as empowerment. This conceptual one-sided’ ness must be overcome if feminists are to develop an account complex enough to illuminate women's diverse experiences with power. Such an account is sketched here.     

Of Power

Written in 1792 and not previously published, this essay sets out Reid's considered view of the nature of agency and the related idea of natural causation. Locke is wrong in supposing that the idea of power is acquired through external or internal experience, Hume in supposing that because it is not got through outer or inner sense we have no such idea. The primary conception of power is that of personal agency, got from the experienced fact that certain events are produced when we will to produce them. The concept of cause is related to this through the experience of the efficacy of volitional power. The problem, then, is what to make of the idea that nature contains non-volitional causes. An orderly world implies the operation of an intelligent agent. The idea of agency proper implies two-way operation, e.g., to be possessed of the power of walking is thereby to be possessed of the power of not walking. So a power does not necessitate a certain outcome, and what we think of as necessitating natural causes are related to natural regularities, rather than part of the idea of causality as such.     

软实力·巧实力·多学科协作

关于医学的整合,我没有多少专门的研究,我想还是从我们应具备的实力淡谈这方面的问题,我会更有体会和把握.     

Power Tools

SUMMARY

“Power Tools” describes the classic ways in which power is exercised in the dyadic equal consenting adult personal partnership. It is necessary to abstract in order to talk usefully about how power works. As the author is male, there is an inescapable bias, as males and females define and experience power quite differently.     

Power and fundamentalism

The following article is the second of two on fundamentalism. The first article, published in Journal of Contemporary Religion 10 (1), 1995: 83–91, advanced a definition of fundamentalism by using five ‘hallmarks’. This second article offers a way of ‘reading or interpreting fundamentalisms in modernity and post‐modernity.     

权力概念的垂直方位空间隐喻对权力判断的影响

通过两个反应时实验,探讨权力的垂直方位表征对权力判断的影响。实验1发现,当权力词汇出现的位置(电脑屏幕上方或下方)与权力的空间隐喻一致时(高权力词在低权力词上方),相比于隐喻相反时(高权力词在低权力词下方),被试的反应时更短;实验2重复了这一结果,并进一步发现,隐喻一致促进被试的反应,隐喻相反抑制被试的反应。这表明权力的空间隐喻具有心理现实性,会影响权力信息的认知加工。     

Arenas of Power

No abstract available for this article.     

Power and Pleasure

SUMMARY

In exploring issues of power and pleasure in relationships the author uses Erikson's (1965) developmental 'eight ages of man' as both a conceptual framework and a way of describing aspects of the developmental growth of boys as men, and he completes Erikson's (1968) epigenesis of the life cycle in relation to identity and intimacy. Drawing on literature on male psychology, his own experience and his experience as a counsellor and a Transactional Analysis (TA) psychotherapist in clinical training, the author focuses on male identity and men's capacity for intimacy in relationships. The use and abuse of power in achieving male identity, and the implications for mutual pleasure and interdependence in intimate relationships are outlined and practice issues for counselling and psychotherapy with men in relation to identity and intimacy issues are considered.     

Bullying Is Power

ABSTRACT

The present investigation examines subtypes of bullies, distinguished on the basis of social power, some of whom fit the traditional characterization of bullies as poorly accepted, psychologically troubled, marginal members of the peer group and others who exhibit a much more positive set of social characteristics and who are afforded high status within the peer group. In a sample of 555 grade 6 to 10 Canadian students, the associations between bullying, power, and social status were examined, as well as variability in bullies across behavioral and non-behavioral characteristics, self-perceptions, and mental health functioning. Peer nominations were used to assess bullying, social status, aggressive behavior, competencies and assets, and self-reports were used to assess social self-perceptions and internalizing difficulties. Results indicated that, although generally viewed by peers as disliked and aggressive, a substantial number of bullies were also seen as both popular and powerful with leadership qualities, competencies and assets. In terms of their own social self-perceptions, bullies reported feeling good about themselves and their peer interactions. When subgroups of bullies were distinguished in terms of varying levels of perceived social power, powerful bullies were perceived by peers to be more popular, better liked and more physically and relationally aggressive than low power bullies. Additionally, powerful bullies were viewed as exhibiting more competencies and assets such as being physically attractive, wearing stylish clothing, and being good athletes. Findings are discussed in terms of the perpetuation of bullying behavior and the implications of the present findings for anti-bullying interventions.