完善医学生职业道德培养教育途径

为了提高我国医学生职业道德教育的有效性和实效性,需不断完善和健全现有职业道德培养渠道,并拓展新渠道。在探讨研究国外医学生道德培养途径基础上,博采众家之长,形成以职业道德教育贯穿于专业教育全过程为特征,以职业道德教育与临床医疗实践相结合,以提高医学生自我道德教育能力为目的,适合我国特点的医学生职业道德培养途径。     

医学生职业道德教育现状及医德心理培育的必要性

医学生作为医务工作的后备力量,他们的职业道德水平直接关系到我国目前医疗卫生行业的行风建设及医患关系的改善.然而,从目前我国医学院校职业道德教育现状看,其内容陈旧、形式枯燥乏味,达不到教育目的.道德心理决定道德行为,医学生的职业道德教育同样需要有职业道德心理作基础.因此,医学生职业道德教育要取得实效,必须注重其职业道德心理的培育.     

浅谈对医学生职业道德教育方法的创新尝试

加强医学生的职业道德素质是高校德育的重要任务,职业道德教育应充分体现以学生为主体的教育思想。在近几年的教学中,我们不断努力探索更有效的职业道德教育方法,增强情景教学的实效性,以体验为主,强化感性认识的教学方法在职业道德教育中的应用,落实实践出真知的认识论原理。     

加强会计职业道德教育

解决会计信息失真问题,塑造会计职业独立、公正、客观的良好社会形象必须从最关键的职业道德教育入手。加强会计职业道德教育,应突出学校教育以及后续教育中职业道德教育的应有地位。同时还应加强有关方面的配套教育。只有通过社会主义精神文明建设,才能为会计职业道德建设和教育营造出良好的社会环境,最终提高我国会计职业道德的整体水平。     

新时期医学生整体素质培养的几点思考

随着知识经济时代的到来,在我国传统医学教育模式下培养的大多数临床医学生,越来越难以适应现代医学发展和新时期群众对医疗服务的需求。因此,必须加强医学生整体素质培养,主要是职业道德素质、全面技能、人文文化、创新攻关精神、实事求是态度这几个方面的重点培养,以适应医学人才发展需要。     

提高医学生法律素质促进医患关系健康发展——由“佛山弃婴”案引发的思考

“佛山弃婴”案反映了当前医患关系的紧张和医务人员法律素质的缺乏,唤起了高等医学教育对医学生法律素质培养的重视,由此提出深化医学生对医患关系的理解、提高医学生的人文执业能力、提高医学生的职业道德修养三个培养目标,并从完善教育体系、创新教育模式和搭建实践平台三个层面提高医学生法律素质、促进医患关系健康发展的构想.     

生命教育:医学生人文精神培养的重要维度

医学人文精神是对人的生命神圣、生命质量、生命价值和人类未来的健康与幸福的关注,其核心就是关爱生命.在医学生中开展生命教育,是培养医学生人文精神的重要维度.以生命教育为核心,可以加强医学生敬畏生命、尊重生命、热爱生命、发展生命的人文精神培养,提高自身的人文精神素养,使人文精神能够在医疗实践中更好地应用.     

礼仪与教师职业道德的价值实现

维护和体现人的尊严是礼仪的价值所在。教师的职业劳动是传播、创造人类文化、文明和先进思想 ,职业特点是以人格来培养人格 ,以灵魂来塑造灵魂。教师礼仪的核心是对学生的尊重和关爱 ,是教师向学生表达教师爱的具体形式。所以 ,礼仪不仅是教师自身良好职业道德修养的表现 ,而且使教师职业道德成为一种重要的教育力量或教育要素。     

医学生职业道德教育现状及医德心理培育的必要性

医学生作为医务工作的后备力量,他们的职业道德水平直接关系到我国目前医疗卫生行业的行风建设及医患关系的改善。然而,从目前我国医学院校职业道德教育现状看,其内容陈旧、形式枯燥乏味,达不到教育目的。道德心理决定道德行为,医学生的职业道德教育同样需要有职业道德心理作基础。因此,医学生职业道德教育要取得实效,必须注重其职业道德心理的培育。     

转化医学模式对临床医学八年制教学改革的启示

近年来我国部分重点医学院校陆续推出精英教育培养模式,以八年制医学生的培养为代表.临床医学八年制的培养更需要基础医学与临床医学之间相互整合,是完善“八年一贯,本博融通”培养模式的关键.转化医学的出现,为消除基础与临床的屏障,提高八年制医学生基础医学研究水平,加强临床思维培养提供了新的平台和途径.     

The Red and The Real

It is often claimed that principles of individuation imply essential properties of the things individuated. For example, sets are individuated by their members, hence sets have their members essentially. But how does this inference work? First I discuss the form of such inferences, and conclude that the essentialist inference is not a purely formal matter: although there is a form which all principles of individuation have in common, it is not true that any statement of that form is a principle of individuation, and hence there is no valid inference based purely on that form. However, I argue that there is a viable version of the essentialist inference nonetheless. The resources for a proper reconstruction of this type of inference can be gathered from reflections upon the role principles of individuation play in the project of the ontologist: such principles turn out to carry a modal weight similar to that of definitions or conceptual truths. It follows that, no matter how austere the ontology, some portion of essentialist modality is inevitable.     

The Return Of The Religious

Recents discussions of expansion in the European Union and the possibility of envisioning a Muslim country in it has exacerbated the deep-seated anxiety about Islam among the liberal and extreme right in Europe. This paper suggests that there are recurring elements in the discourse of European cultural identity and one of these elements is the representation of Islam in its alterity to European identity and civilization. Questioning the thesis of a radical break with the Christian past, this paper questions whether the European cultural identity which is being formed today signifies a break with a religious form of identification. The liberal and extreme right opposes Turkish membership on the grounds that the differences between ‘European values’ and ‘European culture and lifestyle’ and Turkey's culture are what makes the latter essentially and fundamentally external to the essence of Europe. Tracing the remnants of Christian discourse in the contemporary fashioning of European identity, this paper discusses how Christianity, with its secularized versions, which are now displaced to culture and lifestyle, still holds a privileged position as a unifying theme in Europe. It suggests that one of the tests that awaits Europe is whether it will be capable of articulating a new but democratic identity for Europe, one that is responsive to the differences of the other or whether it wants to continue to be European by way of its old methods of exclusion.     

医学教育人文精神缺失的弊端及对策

人文精神本是医学学科的根本要旨之一,然而,目前医学教育中普遍存在着人文精神缺失的状况.从医学教育的宗旨、医学模式的转变、医学生的综合素质、医患关系方面剖析了人文精神缺失的弊端并提出了相应对策.     

The Activities of The Scandinavian Societies

Freud's concept of the death instinct has given rise to many different interpretations which have often been contradictory. It is in fact already possible to discern two diametrically opposite meanings of this concept in Freud's work from 1920—Beyond the Pleasure Principle—in which he first introduced the concept of the death instinct. In this paper, it is argued that both these meanings are relevant in describing psychical life, although only one of these meanings actually qualifies for the concept “death instinct”. Beyond the Pleasure Principle was written in order to try to understand some everyday, as well as clinical phenomena which could not be explained by the so-called pleasure principle. Freud postulated something beyond the pleasure principle, which initially seemed to have to do with binding energy. I will preserve this idea and attempt to develop it within the context of a phenomenological analysis of time. The temporalization of the subject involves a very basic affirmation of existence, in that the subject experiences something constant, something that can be said to possess the quality of a gestalt. I propose that that which is beyond the pleasure principle—this binding of energy—should be understood as the opposite of the idea of a primordial death instinct striving towards death. In this case, that which is beyond the pleasure principle reflects an original affirmation of existence, which could be said to correspond to Freud's first meaning of the death instinct. The second meaning—for which the name “death instinct” seems to be applicable—concerns the discharge of energy, which from a temporal point of view shows itself as a tendency to dissolution. The concept of the death instinct in its various meanings is discussed in connection with phenomenological reflections on time, which is a different approach from Freud's attempt to ground the death instinct in biology.     

The neglected bulimic: The nonpurger

For nearly 10 years bulimia has been recognized officially as a distinct eating disorder, and yet in that time only minimal attention has focused on the nonpurging subtype. The present investigation compared 21 DSM-III-R diagnosed nonpurging bulimics with 22 non-eating-disordered controls on three standardized questionnaires and during a unique assessment task. In this procedure subjects imagined that they were the character in a series of slides and audiotaped flooding scenes. The content of the stimuli ranged from food and weight cues to issues hypothesized to play a role in the development or maintenance of bulimia (e.g., rejection or loss of control fears). A MANOVA conducted on the three questionnaires was highly significant, with the Beck Depression Inventory and the Restraint Scale being responsible for the elevated bulimic scores. A repeated-measures ANOVA performed on the self-report ratings during the exposure task also achieved significance, as the bulimics reported higher anxiety reactions than controls to each experimental stimulus. Significant skin conductance reactions were detected when a group of only the most psychophysiologically responsive bulimics and controls were compared. The importance of continued comprehensive evaluations with DSM-III-R nonpurging bulimics was emphasized.This research was supported by grants both from the University of New Mexico's Research Allocation Committee and the Biomedical Research Support Grant committee. Portions of this paper were presented at the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy annual conference, Boston, November 1987.     

The Logic of The Goldhagen Debate

Since Daniel J. Goldhagen's Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaustattempts to show that the Holocaust is explicable and can be understood largely in terms of a single cause, “eliminationist anti-Semitism”, it is not surprising that the book has generated an international debate. What is surprising is the magnitude and emotional intensity of the debate. This article argues that the deepest flaws in it Hitler's Willing Executioners,as well as the chasm of disagreement between Goldhagen's detractors and defenders, have as much to do with reasoning and concepts as with matters of fact. It concludes that Goldhagen's central argument is stronger than many of his critics claim, but that the inadequacy of his cognitive interpretation of anti-Semitism and his unexamined psychological assumptions weaken his attempt to explain the Holocaust. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.