肝硬化门脉高压症断流术后感染的防治策略

肝硬化门脉高压症断流术后感染的防治策略可概括为:增强机体免疫力,重视无菌操作,预防性使用抗生素,积极治疗出现的感染。常见术后感染包括:膈下积液、脓肿,自发性腹膜炎(SBP)或腹水感染,门静脉血栓性静脉炎,切口及其他部位感染,真菌感染,脾切除术后爆发性感染和脾热。     

大转子延长截骨在THR术后感染一期翻修中的临床应用

评价大转子延长截骨并行单纯钢丝捆扎在人工髋关节置换（THR）术后感染一期翻修中的作用及对翻修假体的影响.选取2010年10月~2013年10月期间30例髋关节置换术后假体感染性松动并行一期翻修术的患者,随访时间（34.8＆#177;13.2）月,对患者手术时间、截骨长度和愈合时间、术前术后Harris评分及术后感染控制情况进行统计.30例患者髋关节术后评分明显高于术前,手术时间为（132.4＆#177;23.6）min,经大转子截骨长度为（11.4＆#177;2.6）cm,截骨愈合时间（3.8＆#177;1.3）个月.术后感染未见复发.因此THR术后感染的一期翻修术中应用大转子延长截骨方法能缩短手术时间,髋关节功能较术前明显改善.     

影响肝移植术后患者长期生存的关键因素及术后健康管理策略

肝移植患者术后健康管理具有“战略”高度的地位.患者术后良好康复的关键因素有定期随访、按时服用免疫抑制剂和良好日常生活管理.影响患者术后长期生存的主要因素有感染、排异反应、移植肝功能异常、肿瘤复发、胆道问题以及经济压力.对肝移植术后并发症的深入研究和及时有效管控、良好的医患互动、患者良好的依从性和健康的生活方式是保障患者术后长期生存的最重要措施.肝移植术后患者随访就近原则、加大肝移植内科建设和投入,可有效改变我国肝移植术后健康管理水平较低的现况.     

预防性气管切开在上段食管癌手术中的效用

探讨预防性气管切开在伴慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)且长期大量吸烟的上段食管癌术后的应用,分析其对患者术后肺部感染、低氧血症、心律失常的影响.回顾性分析我科2011年6月~2013年1月伴有COPD及长期大量吸烟的上段食管癌行手术切除颈部吻合的病例,并分为预防性气管切开组和非预防性气管切开组.统计并分析两组术后肺部感染、低氧血症、心律失常等并发症的发生情况.结果对于上段食管癌行根治手术的患者,尤其是伴有长期大量吸烟及COPD的患者来说,预防性气管切开可以起到预防术后呼吸道并发症的发生,并能减少术后心律失常的发生的作用,其可以做为上段食管癌重症患者的一种预防围手术期并发症的方式.     

低疟区疟疾导致胸外科术后高热的诊治体会

探讨疟疾导致术后高热的诊治方法,回顾性研究15例疟疾导致术后高热患者的诊治经过,其中1例确诊患者给予氯喹治疗后痊愈,14例疑似患者经氯喹试验性治疗后痊愈,9例患者随访1年均无复发.因此,对曾有输血史或疟疾史的术后高热患者,排除感染或变态反应后,可给予氟喹试验性治疗,无需等待确切的病原学结论.     

Cys C在肾移植后急性排斥反应诊断中的价值

探讨Cys C在肾移植术后诊断急性排斥反应中的价值.63例肾移植患者分为肾功能稳定组(49例)和排斥组(14例),选10例单纯感染患者为对照组,检测Cys C值,并与正常对照组(60例)比较.术后监测稳定组和排斥组Cys C、BUN、SCr及CCr,对排斥组排斥前后Cys C浓度变化以及Cys C与SCr、CCr关系进行分析.结果为排斥组排斥前与排斥时CysC浓度差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);CCr在稳定组和排斥组与SCr、CysC均呈直线相关;感染组CysC与正常对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).说明Cys C可以用于肾移植术后急性排斥反应的早期诊断及与单纯感染鉴别诊断.     

自制负压引流管在骨科手术中的应用

1 典型病例介绍 例1,患者,男,43岁,右髋关节后脱位,髋臼骨折行切开复位重建钢板固定术,术后患者对重建钢板排斥反应、切口不愈合、髋关节感染.于8周行清创、钢板取出术,术后切口不愈合,形成窦道,二次行清创,窦道切除术,术后普通引流管冲洗引流,术后5d引流管因血块及坏死组织阻塞,切口较多液体渗出,引流管无液体引出.     

肝移植患者的抗病毒治疗

乙肝相关性肝病肝移植患者术后乙型肝炎病毒再感染是影响其长期存活的主要因素,因此,有效地防治HBV再感染或者乙肝复发,是我国肝移植受者术后长期存活的关键。术前应用抗乙肝病毒药物,使血液中HBVDNA处于检测不到水平,以及术中使用高效价人乙肝免疫球蛋白,术后联合应用核苷类药物,保持抗-HBs水平大于100IU／L～150IU／L,可以达到长期有效预防HBV感染防止乙肝复发的目的。     

肺移植术治疗终末期肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤病临床探讨

探讨肺移植治疗终末期肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤的手术适应证、手术方式和术后并发症.回顾性分析1例肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤终末期患者行右侧单肺移植术的临床资料.术后患者恢复良好,未出现支气管、肺动静脉吻合口并发症,肺功能明显改善,顺利出院.术后生存3年,死于对侧肺过度膨胀,移植肺感染.肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤终末期行肺移植术能明显改善肺功能,但单肺移植术后易出现对侧自体肺过度膨胀,尽可能选择双肺移植.     

胃癌行全胃胰体尾脾脏切除并扩大右半结肠切除术15例临床分析

探讨进展期胃体癌浸润周围脏器的联合脏器切除的适应证、手术入路、手术方法及意义.回顾性分析2009年2月至2011年10月我院15例胃癌直接浸润胰腺、脾脏和横结肠而施行全胃切除及胰体尾脾脏切除并扩大右半结肠切除术患者的临床资料.术后出现1例腹腔感染,1例切口感染,经通畅引流、局部冲洗及切口换药后均痊愈出院,无再手术及死亡病例.术后均进行随访,1例在术后14个月时出现局部复发,1年生存率100％,2年生存率38％.以右下腹肾前间隙开始的全胃切除及胰体尾脾脏切除并扩大右半结肠切除术,明显缩短手术时间,符合肿瘤的切除原则,提高了手术的安全性.     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.