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(一) 感谢上苍创造了如此众多的生命,使人类在这颗孤寂的星球上不致于寂寞。可是人类这些世世代代的陪伴者目前正以空前的规模和速度在灭绝。1600年至1900年,平均每10年就有一个物种灭绝;本世纪以来,灭种速率急剧加快,平均每天有一个物种灭绝。据著名生物学家爱德华·威尔逊1989年估计,现在每年有5万个物种灭绝,平均每 相似文献
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动物个体差异研究对人格心理学的贡献 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
动物个体差异的研究与人格心理学的关系已经引起了很多学者的关注。虽然对动物个体差异有许多相关描述,但文章采用一个广泛的工作定义,即动物在不同的情景下一致表现出来的一套相关行为。对动物个体差异的测量需要考虑物种间的可比较性和物种内的充分性。文章从人格结构的探讨,遗传和环境的作用,理解人格与认知、健康的关系,以及个体与环境的匹配等方面讨论和分析了动物个体差异的研究对人格心理学的可能贡献 相似文献
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地球上最成功的生物是什么?这样的问题是没有标准答案的,因为生命的"成功"可以有不同的界定。但如果要选择出地球上最特殊的物种,我们可以毫不犹豫将我们自己——也就是人类——列为唯一的答案,这毫无妄自尊大的成分。诚然,地球上每一种动物都是进化的奇迹,但即便在缤纷多彩的动物世界中,我们的地位仍然极其特别。 相似文献
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哲学作为世界观应从人和世界的关系的角度提出关于世界的根本观点。人和世界之间有两重关系:自然关系和属人关系。从自然关系看,只有物与物的关系,人只是自然的产物,自然决定人,体现的是人的受动性。而从属人关系看,则是人与物的关系,人是主导者、支配者,体现的是人的能动性。对于马克思主义哲学来说,最重要的是 相似文献
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There is an old but powerful argument for the claim that exhaustive divine foreknowledge is incompatible with the freedom to do otherwise. A crucial ingredient in this argument is the principle of the “Fixity of the Past” (FP). A seemingly new response to this argument has emerged, the so-called “dependence response,” which involves, among other things, abandoning FP for an alternative principle, the principle of the “Fixity of the Independent” (FI). This paper presents three arguments for the claim that FI ought to be preferred to FP.
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Two types of matching designs, static and dynamic, are differentiated. While all matching designs are logically the same in terms of the probability model which determines chance level of performance, an attempt is made to demonstrate that there is an interaction between the tactics, strategies, and actual knowledge ofS and the type of design used which will, in turn, lead to different results even whenS's knowledge is held constant. It is suggested that analogous situations may exist within the framework of the traditional psychometric model.The work reported in this paper was supported by a National Science Foundation Undergraduate Research Participation Grant (NSF-G15797) to the senior author. The authors are indebted to Joel E. Greene for his advice and criticism. 相似文献
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《Canadian journal of philosophy》2012,42(3):303-321
If practical reasoning deserves its name, its form must be different from that of ordinary (theoretical) reasoning. A few have thought that the conclusion of practical reasoning is an action, rather than a mental state. I argue here that if the conclusion is an action, then so too is one of the premises. You might reason your way from doing one thing to doing another: from browsing journal abstracts to reading a particular journal article. I motivate this by sympathetically re-examining Hume's claim that a conclusion about what ought to be done follows only from an argument one of whose premises is likewise about what ought to be done. 相似文献
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