Confusions in Psychological Skills Training

A critical examination of the idea of psychological skills training is undertaken. Questions are raised concerning the conceptual validity and generalizability of programs that attempt to train psychological skills us a means of “giving psychology away.” Although the critique presented is primarily conceptual, specific references and illustrations are drawn from recent research and theorizing in applied psychology, as well as from published literature in counseling and psychological education.     

A Relationship Skills Training Program for College Students

An eight-session Relationship Skills Training program was developed for college students who have difficulty in meeting others and establishing close personal relationships. The major components of each session (i.e., introduction, cognitive restructuring, skills training, and homework) are described and results of the initial offering of the program are presented.     

Adaptive Skills and Academic Achievement in Latino Students

Interventions developed to improve adaptive skills can improve academic achievement. The authors expanded this line of research by examining the relationship between performance on a state proficiency exam and adaptive skills classifications on the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Second Edition parent and teacher reports. Participants included 392 Latino students, Grades 2–6 in a large urban school district. Ordinal regression models were used to assess relationships between student academic proficiency level and adaptive skills classifications. Students classified as having higher adaptive skills by teachers were more likely to be classified as proficient or higher in reading and mathematics. These findings further support the relationship between adaptive skills and academic achievement. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.     

Delivery of Psychological Skills Training to Youngsters

The aim of the present study was to explore sport psychologists’ experiences of working with children and adolescents to understand how they have adapted both content and delivery of psychological skills training when consulting with young athletes. Interviews with 12 experienced sport psychology consultants from the United Kingdom were inductively content analyzed. Four main higher order themes relating to content and delivery emerged: consultancy skills, relating to youngsters, delivery medium, and maintaining engagement. The findings imply that psychologists experience challenges unique to youth populations but also have developed content and delivery strategies to overcome these.     

Meanings of Education for University Students: Academic Motivation and Personal Values as Predictors

We conducted two studies to determine the meanings that undergraduate students ascribe to their education and how these meanings relate to relevant psychological constructs: academic motivation and values. Ten meanings emerged: career preparation, independence, finding direction for the future, learning, self-development, taking the next step, making social connections, changing the world, stress, and escape. Support was found for many of the predicted relationships. For example, enjoyment motivation positively predicted all of the meanings, except taking the next step, stress, and escape. Also as expected, the values of intellectualism and academic achievement positively predicted learning, self-development, and changing the world. However, contrary to expectations, valuing physical development also emerged as a significant predictor of several of the meanings of education.     

Using Psychological Skills Training to Develop Soccer Performance

The present study examined the effects of a soccer, midfielder-specific psychological skills intervention comprising relaxation, imagery and self-talk on position-specific performance measures. Using a multiple-baseline-across-individuals design, five participants had three per-formance subcomponents assessed across nine competitive matches. The results of the study indicated the position-specific intervention to enable at least small improvements on the three dependent variables for each participant. Social validation data indicated all participants to perceive the intervention as being successful and appropriate to their needs. The findings provide further evidence to suggest the efficacy of sport, and position-specific interventions. Suggestions for future research are provided.     

大学生心理健康教育教学模式的构建与实践研究

采用自然教学实验法,探索提高大学生心理健康水平的有效途径与教学模式。结果表明（1）开设心理健康教育课程并辅以心理咨询是眼下提高大学生心理健康水平的有效措施之一;（2）不同系科心理健康教育的效果不同,心理健康教育课程应根据学生的个别差异有针对性地进行;（3）大学生心理健康教育课程的教学模式为“面上集中释疑,线上互相解疑,点上个别辅导”。     

Sensory Processing Sensitivity Moderates the Relationships Between Life Skills and Depressive Tendencies in University Students1

University students often experience depressive symptoms, and strengthening of life skills may be beneficial for improving their mental health. Several studies have suggested that life skills effective in reducing depressive tendencies vary by individuals depending on differences in sensory processing sensitivity (SPS). SPS is a genetically determined trait characterized by sensitivity and reactivity to environmental stimuli. This study investigated the relationship between life skills and depressive tendencies based on individual differences in SPS. A total of 868 Japanese university students (mean age = 19.8 years, SD = 1.3 years) completed a questionnaire measuring levels of SPS—decision-making, interpersonal relationships, effective communication, and emotional coping skills—and depressive tendencies. Hierarchical multiple regression and simple slopes analyses indicated that interpersonal relationship skills were negatively correlated with depression regardless of SPS levels. Furthermore, decision-making skills were negatively correlated with depressive tendencies only in low-SPS students. Emotional coping skills were negatively correlated with depressive tendencies in high-SPS students. These results may help universities incorporate SPS levels when creating life-skills-based interventions for students.     

医学教学中的医患沟通教育

医患沟通教育是现代医学生的必修科目,良好的沟通技巧是降低医患纠纷的重要手段.培养适合现代社会需要、具有良好沟通能力的高素质医学生是医学院校的根本目标.从理论上和实际角度阐述了医学教育中加强医患沟通教育的重要性,提出了改革医患沟通教育教学方法的建议,为提高医疗服务质量、构建和谐医患关系打下了良好基础.     

生命教育:医学生人文精神培养的重要维度

医学人文精神是对人的生命神圣、生命质量、生命价值和人类未来的健康与幸福的关注,其核心就是关爱生命.在医学生中开展生命教育,是培养医学生人文精神的重要维度.以生命教育为核心,可以加强医学生敬畏生命、尊重生命、热爱生命、发展生命的人文精神培养,提高自身的人文精神素养,使人文精神能够在医疗实践中更好地应用.     

Predicting the Academic Success of Student-Athletes Using SAT and Noncognitive Variables

Noncognitive variables were better predictors of grades for athletes than were Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores. If is suggested that athletes be considered nontraditional students rather than student-athletes.     

Implementing Skills for Psychological Recovery at a Psychology Training Clinic During COVID-19

The COVID-19 global pandemic has disrupted the routine provision of community mental health services, which is especially concerning given that emerging data suggest a rise in mental health concerns related to the COVID-19 crisis (Xiong et al., 2020). Thus, it seems imperative to provide trauma-informed services that are tailored to clients’ coping with the pandemic and can be effectively delivered via telehealth. The goals of these important services would be to mitigate current distress, help prevent the onset of long-term mental health problems, and facilitate client safety during a public health crisis. The present article provides an overview of adoption and telehealth implementation of the Skills for Psychological Recovery (SPR) secondary prevention program within a psychology training clinic. Initial clinical outcome data supported the program’s success in reducing mental health symptoms among individuals in psychological distress due to the COVID-19 crisis; however, the results were more striking for adults than for youths. The article concludes with recommendations for broader implementation and future directions for clinicians, supervisors, organizations, and researchers.     

Academic Processing Speed Mediates the Influence of Both Externalizing Behavior and Language Skills on the Academic Skills of Students with Emotional Disturbance

The results from previous research suggest that there is a relatively small (albeit statistically significant) relationship between the externalizing behavior and academic skills of students with emotional disturbance (ED). Researchers have also found that the majority of these students have language deficits that hinder their academic performance. The purposes of this study were to investigate the mediating role of academic processing speed (i.e., academic fluency) on the relationship between: (a) The externalizing behavior and academic skills of K-12 students with ED; and (b) language skills and academic skills of students with ED. Results indicate that academic processing speed mediated the influence of both language skills and externalizing behavior on academic skills of this population. The findings, limitations, and implications were discussed.     

Initial development and validity evidence for the processes of change in Psychological Skills Training Questionnaire

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to create and provide validity evidence for the Processes of Change in Psychological Skills Training Questionnaire (PCPSTQ).DesignThe current study used a cross-sectional research design.MethodsFive hundred fifty nine NCAA Division I, professional, and Olympic level athletes participated in the current study. To create the PCPSTQ, an initial pool of 114 items was generated by the research team. After a content validity process, 65 items were retained for analysis. Exploratory structural equation modeling was used as an analytic strategy to identify the most appropriate factor structure for the PCPSTQ. Decisions about the most appropriate model were made using multiple fit indices. To examine the construct validity of the PCPSTQ, a series of one-way ANOVAs were conducted to examine differences in processes of change use across stage of change.ResultsIn the current study, validity evidence provided support for a 7-factor process of change measure (χ² = 325.84, p < .001; Comparative Fit Index = .971; Tucker Lewis Index = .945; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = .037; Standard Root Mean Square Residual = .020). Results also supported the construct validity of the scale as a significant difference in process of change use across stage of change was reported for all seven processes.ConclusionsResults of the current study support the factor structure and construct validity of the PCPSTQ. It appears that the processes of behavior change reported across multiple behavior change domains might also be viable for sport psychology professionals.     

师范生心理健康教育教学试验研究

1　引言　　据调查 ,师范生普遍存在因学习和生活不适应、人际关系问题等引起的种种心理冲突和障碍 ,自私、嫉妒等不良的个性心理特征在许多师范生身上都不同程度的体现。这些都严重影响了师范生的心理健康。而师范生的心理健康水平如何 ,直接影响后代人材素质的提高。然而 ,受传统应试教育影响 ,一直以来 ,我们对师范生的教育注重文化素质、专业素质培养而忽视心理素质教育。如何对他们进行心理健康教育 ,提高他们的心理素质 ,培养他们的健全人格已摆到了议事日程。针对当前师范生的心理状况 ,遵照“教育者先受教育”的原则 ,我们认为 :要…     

论大学德育生活化模式

传统的大学德育模式主要是给予性德育模式和选择性德育模式两种。给予性德育模式是极端功能主义,据此,人的道德是被给定的,道德仅仅由程序产生,具有唯一的合法性。选择性德育模式在激发人的创造性与主动精神方面具有进步性,但仍然是一种极端存在哲学,据此,人自己形成其道德。大学德育生活化模式认为,道德既是被给定的,同时又是自我设定的。德育是一个“理解”和“建构”过程。德育生活化模式要求在德育思想、内容与手段等三个方面进行变革。     

Training Psychology Graduate Students to Prepare Psychological Affidavits for Political Asylum Seekers

ABSTRACT

The growing population of asylum seekers has created a political and social justice crisis in the United States. It is important that the psychological profession respond to this crisis. This paper describes a program that trains psychology graduate students to prepare psychological affidavits in support of the asylum seekers legal case. We describe how we began the program, its current structure, and the challenges and benefits of the program for both the instructors and the students. Our hope is that other mental health professionals will find our work helpful in setting up programs of their own.