老年原发性高血压晨峰现象与靶器官损害临床研究

应用24h动态血压监测(ABPM)了解老年原发性高血压晨峰现象对主要靶器官结构及功能的潜在损害.114例老年原发性高血压患者根据24h动态血压监测分为晨峰组和非晨峰组,均常规检查血脂谱,空腹血糖,放免法测定尿微量白蛋白,计算体重指数(BMI)、左室质量指数(LVMI)、颈总动脉(CCA-IMT)和颈内动脉内膜中层厚度(ICA-IMT)、心电图测量计算QT离散度(QTcd).晨峰组的24h、白昼、夜间平均收缩压均显著高于非晨峰组动态血压监测水平(P＜0.05),而且晨峰组的睡-谷晨峰变异幅度增高有统计学意义(P＜0.05).晨峰组的LVMI、CCA-IMT、ICA-IMT、QTcd和尿微量白蛋白指标均高于非晨峰组(P＜0.01).两组在BMI、血脂谱、血糖差异无统计学意义.清晨高血压是老年原发性高血压病的一个不可忽视的潜在危险因素.长期晨间血压负荷升高使得机体全天处于血压高负荷状态,更易使心肌重构肥厚和心电生理特征改变,增加心律失常发生率;加速动脉粥样硬化斑块形成.因此遏制老年原发性高血压患者的晨峰高反应是降压达标和减缓靶器官损害的关键环节.     

冠心病患者微量白蛋白尿与C反应蛋白的关系

研究冠心病患者微量白蛋白尿与血清C反应蛋白(CRP)相关性.研究对象为接受冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的住院患者87例,检测其尿白蛋白/肌酐浓度值(ACR)、血清C反应蛋白水平及其他指标,并与35例冠状动脉造影为非冠心病的患者进行比较.冠心病组lgACR及lgCRP水平明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05).lgACR与lgCRP呈正相关(r=0.275,P=0.005),且均为冠心病的独立预测因素.冠心病患者微量白蛋白尿与血清C反应蛋白均明显增加.ACR、CRP均为冠心病的独立预测因素.在微量白蛋白尿的发生过程中可能有低度炎症(CRP)的参与.     

血尿酸水平与脑梗死及其各指标的相关性分析

研究血尿酸(UA)与脑梗死发病与预后的相关性.本试验选择2008年5月至2009年3月中国医科大学附属一院神经内科就诊的脑梗死患者为病例组,同期中国医科大学附属一院门诊体检者70例为对照组,均进行血尿酸(SUA)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、纤维蛋白原(Fg)及C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及血压的测定.比较病例组与对照组的相关指标的变化,并比较高尿酸与非高尿酸组的梗死例数与严重程度、生化指标等的变化.脑梗死组SUA水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.05);HUA组的患病率也显著高于非HUA组(P＜0.05);大梗死灶组UA值高于小梗死灶组(P＜0.05),中梗死灶组UA值高于小梗死灶组(P＜0.05).重度损伤组UA值大于轻度组(P＜0.05);中度损伤组UA值大于轻度组(P＜0.05).HUA组的SBP、DBP、TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG及hs-CRP各值高于非HUA组,HDL-CD低于非HUA,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).     

老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰现象与靶器官损害的相关性研究

为了探讨老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰现象与靶器官损害之间的关系,选取2015年1月~2015年12月的298例原发性高血压住院患者,所有病例均行动态血压监测、血液检测及超声心动图、颈动脉超声检查。结果显示晨峰血压组患者总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较非晨峰血压组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。晨峰组与非晨峰组相比,晨峰组24h动态收缩压、日间动态收缩压、夜间动态收缩压、24h动态脉压、日间动态脉压、夜间动态脉压、左室重量指数及颈动脉内膜中层厚度均显著高于非晨峰组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。因此血总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平可能是晨峰高血压发生的危险因素,老年原发性高血压患者伴有晨峰现象与靶器官损害密切相关。     

老年糖代谢异常患者血浆NT-proBNP与血管内皮功能早期监测意义

通过检测老年糖代谢异常患者的血浆N末端血清脑钠肤前体(NT proBNP)水平与肱动脉血管内皮依赖性舒张功能(FMD),探讨其早期监测意义.共77例观察对象,其中12例血糖正常的健康老人为对照组,65例老年糖代谢异常组患者根据空腹血糖(FBG)和糖耐量2小时(OGTT2h)血糖水平分为空腹血糖受损组(IFG) 14例、糖耐量受损组(IGT)23例和2型糖尿病组(DM)28例.各组均检测血浆NT- proBNP水平和无创超声监测FMD.随着血糖代谢异常程度加重,比较正常组,糖代谢异常组的血浆NT- proBNP水平升高(P＜0.01),FMD调节下降(P＜0.01);糖代谢异常发展过程中,IFG阶段FMD即出现舒张失调(P＜0.05); IGT阶段血浆NT- proBNP水平升高有意义并达到无症状心衰诊断标准(P＜0.01),且FMD出现舒张过度调节,提示收缩和舒张功能双向调节不良.空腹血糖升高增加血管内皮依赖性舒张功能损害,当FBG合并(或)餐后血糖升高,血浆NT- proBNP水平升高可以成为早期预测慢性无症状心功能不全的危险因素.因此,关注老年糖代谢异常早期阶段进程,并联合血浆NT- proBNP水平和血管内皮依赖性舒张功能监测,不仅对靶器官保护具有早期预警意义,而且是临床控制血糖管理的重要而简易的方法之一.     

高血压病患者双向转诊临床路径的效果效益评价

为了评价高血压病患者双向转诊临床路径的效果效益,采用病例查阅、专家咨询、现场考察、试点研究、个人访谈等方法,评价试验组和对照组高血压患者双向转诊临床路径的效果效益.结果显示,试验组首次就诊时间和再次就诊率与对照组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组间医疗费用和对医护人员服务态度满意率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组间治疗效果差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),提示实施高血压病患者双向转诊临床路径有很好的社会和经济效益.     

鼻咽癌患者调强放疗与常规放疗毒副反应对比研究

探讨鼻咽癌患者常规放射治疗(CRT)与调强放射治疗(IMRT)的疗效和常见副反应,为鼻咽癌患者放疗方法选择提供科学依据.选取2010年11月至2013年5月行CRT和IMRT的初治鼻咽癌患者共56例,比较IMRT和CRT组的急性毒性反应和晚期放射性损伤.IMRT组和CRT组在局部复发和远处转移方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),常见急性毒性反应如:口干、吞咽疼痛、听力下降、皮肤和黏膜反应的发生率CRT组高于IMRT组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);晚期损伤中口干、皮肤纤维化发生、吞咽困难等方面CRT组高于IMRT组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而在视力下降和脑损伤的发生等方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与CRT技术相比较,IMRT技术能够有效减少急性毒副反应和晚期损伤的发生率,可提高患者生活质量(QOL).     

老年高血压患者体位性血压变化与左室结构及功能关系的研究

探讨老年原发性高血压患者体位性血压变化与左室结构及功能的关系。选取2015年3月至2017年1月在锦州医科大学附属第一医院心内科、老年病房住院及门诊≥60岁原发性高血压患者126例,分为体位性低血压(OH)组、体位性血压正常(ONT)组、体位性高血压(OHT)组三组。观察三组患者左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左心室射血分数(EF)、左心室短轴缩短率(FS)的心脏超声指标,并计算左心室质量指数(LVMI),分析老年原发性高血压患者体位性血压变化与左室结构及功能的关系。结果显示,与ONT组比较,老年高血压患者合并OH和OHT组的年龄、高血压病程明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与ONT和OHT组比较,OH组LVEDD、IVST、LVPWT、LVMI值均升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),OH组EF、FS值均降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);协方差分析剔除年龄和高血压病程因素影响,OH组患者的LVMI仍明显升高(P0.05),EF、FS值仍明显降低(P0.05)。提示老年高血压患者合并OH与左室结构和功能有相关性,提示OH可加重左室结构改变和功能损害。     

正常高值血压者血压昼夜节律与靶器官损害的相关性研究

探讨正常高值血压昼夜节律与靶器官损害的相关性。入选正常高值血压者150例,其中杓型组72例,非杓型组78例,60例正常血压者为对照组。检测尿白蛋白排泄率（UAE）、颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）和左心室重量指数（LVMI）。杓型组和非杓型组UAE、IMT、LVMI高于对照组（P＜0．01）。非杓型组UAE、IMT、LVMI高于杓型组（P＜0．05）。正常高值血压人群已出现靶器官损害,血压昼夜节律异常与早期靶器官损害密切相关。     

定量组织速度成像评价酒精性心肌损害左室功能的价值

为了评估定量组织速度成像(QTVI)在评价大量饮酒后心肌损害左室功能改变方面的价值,我们对饮酒量符合酒精性心肌病诊断标准患者21例(B组,每日饮白酒≥150g或啤酒4瓶,每周6天～7天,10年以上),30例健康志愿者(A组,正常对照组)进行常规超声参数及QTVI参数测定,包括:二尖瓣环收缩期峰值速度(Vs)、舒张早期运动速度(Ve)、舒张晚期运动速度(Va)等.结果显示,B组常规各超声参数与A组比较差异有显著性统计学意义(P＜0.01).QTVl参数与A组比较Va减低(P＜0.05),Vs、Ve、Ve/Va显著减低(P＜0.01).提示QTVI技术能够有效地评估酒精性心肌损害病左室功能的改变.     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.