A philosophy of labour: comparing A. V. Lunačarskij and S. Brzozowski

At the end of 1907 within a couple of months Lunačarskij met both Gor’kij and Brzozowski in Italy and found many important points of contact with each. To compare Lunačarskij’s thought at that time with Brzozowski’s “philosophical program” of 1907 casts some new light on the great variety of interpretations that enlivened Easter European Marxism at the beginning of the twentieth century. On the one hand, it explains Lunačarskij’s “economism” as distinct both from Brzozowski’s extreme anthropologism and Gor’kij’s “cosmism”; on the other, it shows that Lunačarskij’s “philosophy of labour” promoted a violent attitude of conquest and humankind’s domination of nature. Although he criticized Brzozowski’s sympathies with German Idealism, Lunačarskij shared with him a deep appreciation of human creative power, which is evident in his peculiar form of collectivism as well.     

A. V. Lunačarskij und L. D. Trockij. Eine kulturtheoretische Kontroverse und ihre Folgen

Ohne ZusammenfassungPresented at the III World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies, Washington, DC, November 1985.     

V.A. Smirnov’s Results in the Field of Modern Formal Logic

This paper is a survey of V.A. Smirnovs main results in modern logic.     

The systems approach — A. Bogdanov and L. von Bertalanffy

We undertake the comparison between Ludwig von Bertalanffy's General Systems Theory and Alexandr Bodganov's Tektology as two theories proposing a holistic interpretation of reality and claiming to solve problems which are unsolvable via conventional philosophic and scientific theories and methodologies. Basic misunderstandings by some Soviet authors regarding the nature of these theories — especially in the case of Tektology — are pointed out. The comparison is made in what concerns the general origins and purposes of the theories, their approaches to the problem of organization, their treatment of mathematics and their understanding of the cybernetic concept of regulation.We contend that Tektologycontains — some 15 years earlier — all the basic concepts which will be later developed by the General Theory of Systems. As we shall see, Tektology is the ultimate expansion of any theory of systems. This fact is widely ignored in contemporary specialized literature.We finally contend that both Tektology and the General Systems Theory are a sign of the times. A holistic secular monism is a respectable alternative to the failure of contemporary science and philosophy in guiding the life of men, in providing araison d'être for human existence. However, we do not explore the soundness of this alternative.     

A helpful argument — Reply to K. Eichner

Das von K. Eichner konstruierte Gegenbeispiel ist logisch nicht stichhaltig. Trotzdem ist sein Einwand hilfreich. Er zeigt nämlich, daß die starke Falsifikation, die notwendig ist, um die Vorschrift des Falsifikationismus zu rechtfertigen, daß eine Theorie aufgrund eines einzigen Gegenbeispiels zu verwerfen sei, durch Beobachtungsdaten widerlegt werden kann. Auf diese Weise wird erneut das Scheitern einer deduktiven Begründung für die Falsifikationsmethodologie und damit die Gültigkeit der Symmetriethese erwiesen.     

P.O.克利斯特勒自传

1905年5月22日我生于柏林一个中等阶级家庭。我就读于蒙森中等人文学校,学习拉丁文和希腊文,学习法语和文学,学习德国文学和作文,学习算术和历史。在中学读柏拉图著作,我很受感动。在课外时间,我读了很多文学,包括亚里士多德与康德的著作,读过易卜生的关于皇帝朱连的一出戏剧,通过这一戏剧,我才知道(当时并不晓得)些拿破仑的思想。     

Social Psychiatry in Action—A Therapeutic Community by Harry A. Wilmer

Abstract

Obesity has proven difficult to treat. Many approaches neglect to address the deep-rooted underlying psychological issues. This paper describes a psychodynamically oriented approach to treating compulsive overeating as an addiction. Common to all addictions is a compulsion to consume a substance or engage in a behavior, a preoccupation with using behavior and rituals, and a lifestyle marked by an inability to manage the behavior and its harmful consequences. The approach represents a shift away from primarily medical models of intervention to integrated models focusing on the psychological underpinnings of obesity. Long-term psychodynamic group psychotherapy is recommended as a primary treatment.     

法国哲学家P.利科尔

法国哲学家利科尔(Paul Ricoeur)生于1913年。在雷恩学习哲学结业以后,接替J. 依波利特,在斯特拉斯堡大学(1950—1955年)教授哲学。他先后在巴黎索邦大学(从1956年起)、南特大学(1966—1978年,1969年3月至1970年3月任南特大学哲学系主任)、芝加哥大学教授哲学。现在他是法国国家科学研究中心现象学和解释学研究所的主任。     

W. Horsley Gantt—A legend in his time

This article, reprinted by permission of Johns Hopkins University Press, originally appeared inThe Johns Hopkins Medical Journal, Vol. 139 No. 3, September 1976, pgs. 121–126.     

行为科学研究与应用介绍——加拿大V.V.Baqa博士讲话摘要

导言我应中国行为科学学会及北京行为科学学会的邀请来这里讲行为科学研究与应用的问,感到很高兴,通过提问题,提意见,可向你们学到很多东西。第一部分:职工与组织的联系或结合。组织行为学的一个内容是讨论职工与组织的相互关系的问题,组织行为学的研究有两个趋向:(1)偏重心理学,进行微观和应用方面的研究。从这一方面研究决定性因素:个人与群体的行为;(2)社会学的宏观方面的研究,着重经验。这两个领域会聚起来,宏观与