我国肢体残疾病人矫形治疗的现状分析

我国肢体残疾病人的发病率、病种分类、病情特点、医疗需求的实际情况如何?矫形外科医生队伍的建设与学术研究现状怎样?众多的肢体残疾者是否得到正确的矫形外科治疗?骨科学术界缺乏这样的分析。作者实施了2万多例各种肢体残疾的矫形手术,对其中16678例病人进行了统计分析,结果发现,近10余年来我国大医院进入以市场为主导的发展阶段,外科治疗下肢畸形与残疾的矫形外科专业,由于缺乏强大的市场推动、治疗过程较复杂等原因,而被忽视。我国矫形外科医师严重缺乏,某些下肢残缺的矫形手术治疗甚至人才断档。从而出现数以百万计的各种肢体残疾病人,因为缺少经济能力和矫形外科医师,没有得到正确的矫形外科治疗。作者分析了我国肢体残疾病人的发生率、病种、病情特点、年龄分布、经济状况和医疗需求,提出了解决这一问题的对策和建议     

“快乐骨科”的起源、发展和临床实践

矫形外科治疗的病人都是肢体畸形残疾的弱势群体,多经历了艰难的求医过程,承载着肢体残障与尊严浩劫的心灵创伤。为了给肢体残疾者创造一个好的医疗环境,提出并建立了"快乐矫形骨科病区",包括围手术期无痛病房、医患交流科普文化墙、定期举办医患联欢等。在不断实践中,提升了医生对生命的敬畏,对现代医术的驾驭和为病人解决问题的能力。在手术治疗复杂肢体畸形残疾近4 000例中,未发生1例大的医疗冲突事件,使矫形外科病房成为肢体残疾者恢复运动功能与心灵抚慰的康复乐园。     

我的导师是病人

从事矫形外科(骨科)30余年,主持实施各种肢体残疾、骨科疑难杂症的外科手术治疗2万多例,在矫形外科领域创造了多个国际和全国第一,形成了具有中国特色、疗效奇特、医疗费低廉的下肢残缺修复与功能重建技术体系,我的系列创新、专业发展,身心与文化成长经历证明了一个道理--患者是我的导师.     

我的导师是病人

从事矫形外科(骨科)30余年,主持实施各种肢体残疾、骨科疑难杂症的外科手术治疗2万多例,在矫形外科领域创造了多个国际和全国第一,形成了具有中国特色、疗效奇特、医疗费低廉的下肢残缺修复与功能重建技术体系,我的系列创新、专业发展,身心与文化成长经历证明了一个道理——患者是我的导师。     

秦泗河教授从事矫形外科40周年庆典暨肢体残障功能重建与大康复策略论坛

正2018年是秦泗河教授从医45年,从事矫形外科(肢体残疾矫治)事业40周年,恰与中国改革开放同龄。40年来,秦泗河矫形外科团队创造了许多纪录。为探索中国特色肢体残障功能重建的"大康复策略",传播新时代医生维护人民健康应担当的使命与责任,在秦泗河的母校潍坊医学院隆重举行"千人大会"。同期成立"秦泗河教授肢体残疾矫治40年成就资料展馆",全景展现导致中国肢体残疾的病因、病种分类,矫形外科发展脉络和珍贵的历史资料。届时多个知名专家,将把最新的学术研究与人文报告奉献给每位与会代表。     

胸部双源性疾病外科治疗的临床决策

胸部双源性疾病随人口的老龄化而逐年增加,而老年人的心肺及各种脏器功能随年龄的增长逐渐衰退,并发症多,手术风险大,对此类病人的外科治疗如何做出正确的临床医疗决策?我们以循证医学理论为基础,努力做到临床医疗决策的科学性,治疗方案的合理性,大胆尝试,逐步从分期手术向一期手术过渡,既达到了解决病人疾苦,救治病人的目的,又解决了医疗需求的增加和卫生资源短缺的矛盾,取得了满意的效果,降低了医疗成本,节约了医疗资源,产生了明显的社会和经济效益。     

第三讲临床决策分析中如何应用决策树

在临床诊断治疗中,除个别诊断特征比较明显的病种外,许多疾病都存在鉴别诊断.当然在医疗实践中由于受到病人复杂的病情和医务人员所掌握的知识、技术水平及责任心的影响以及医学科学发展的限制,不可避免地会有误诊、误治情况的发生.为了减少这种情况的发生,对于比较复杂的疾病,除了做好各种鉴别诊断检查外,还可以采用最直观的决策树的方法来帮助进行临床决策,对病人可能的诊断、治疗及愈后作一分析,当然也可以对某种疾病不同方案的治疗效果进行分析,选择适宜的方案.     

骨科手术中的临床伦理问题

骨科收治病种复杂,急症多,治疗方法较多、涉及患者肢体功能和美观,因此,它的伦理问题显得复杂.作者总结了医患之间在入院及诊治全过程中可能出现的伦理问题,并提出解决问题的初步方法.以期了解骨科诊疗过程中的伦理问题,来促进医疗行为的规范、体现骨科诊疗中的人性关怀,促进骨科医生个人的成长和骨科医学的发展.     

患者视角:医生应该告知医疗差错吗?——全国10城市4000名住院患者问卷调查研究报告之三

通过问卷调查和访谈,了解患者对医疗差错的认知以及对医师告知医疗差错的态度和评价.结果发现,大多数患者对医师告知医疗差错有强烈的要求,但认为其合理要求在现实中没有得到充分满足.大部分患者表示,如果医师主动告知医疗差错有可能会原谅医生,但医师出于对个人利益的过多考虑和专业精神的缺乏往往不能主动揭露差错.建议通过推行不良事件报告制度、规范医疗责任保险、加强风险意识宣传、开展告知技能培训以及专业精神教育,以促进医师正确对待医疗差错,实施诚信医疗,维护医患和谐.     

对医师必要时主动回避医疗服务的探讨

医学基础研究的深入开展和先进仪器设备的广泛应用 ,大大提高了对疾病的临床诊疗水平 ,然而 ,日益增长的医疗需求同落后的医疗服务能力之间的矛盾仍然是现阶段医疗服务工作的主要矛盾 ,临床实践使人们认识到以下两个不容忽视的问题 :其一 ,一名医师不可能治好所有的疾患 ,而有的医师能擅长医治某类疾患 ,以期达到最大限度地提高生命的生存质量或延长寿命 ;其二 ,绝大多数疾患经过尽早的治疗会得到良好的预后 ,但这些疾患也可能因某些医师不适当的处理而延误或加重病情 ,导致预后极差。鉴于此 ,为了提高临床工作中的疾病治疗效果 ,有必要对医…     

工程中利益冲突问题研究

首先在详细分析工程中利益冲突已有定义的基础上,本文从不同角度提出了一种不同的定义。然后,分析了利益冲突的构成,并列举了利益冲突的情形。接着,分析了利益冲突的伦理问题,并提出解决方法。最后介绍了美国工程社团以及大型企业有关利益冲突的伦理章程和行为规范。     

Conflicts of interest in science in Armenia

The author describes problems facing Armenia in reorganization of the structure of science in the post-socialist era with the aim of utilizing limited state resources more efficiently by reducing the number of separate scientific institutes, concentrating on essential core subjects required by the nation and encouraging all other projects to compete in the international arena for grant sponsorship. An earlier version of this paper was presented at an International Conference on “Conflict of Interest and its Significance in Science and Medicine” held in Warsaw, Poland on 5–6 April, 2002.     

PTSD在中国的研究进展

PTSD是近十年来在中国精神病学界逐渐引起重视的一种反应性精神障碍。随着国外对PTSD的深入研究以及中国心理卫生事业的发展,相关领域的学者开始从事这一方面的研究并取得了不少成就。文章对中国PTSD的流行病学、神经生物学基础、病因学以及诊断和治疗等各个方面的研究作了初步总结和探讨。     

Visual impressions of penetration in the perception of objects in motion

Observers viewed visual stimuli in which one object moved to a position of partial occlusion by another. The objects were presented as two-dimensional profiles moving in an undefined space, so the partial occlusion supports several different physical interpretations. In fact some stimuli reliably gave rise to a perceptual impression that the moving object penetrated or pierced the stationary one. This kind of interaction impression has not previously been reported. The impression was maximized by rapid deceleration to a halt with minimal occlusion. If the object decelerated more slowly, so that it was completely occluded or projected from the far side of the stationary object, it was perceived as moving behind the stationary object. The shape of the moving object and its speed prior to occlusion had significant but small effects.     

A review of methods in the study of attention in autism

Atypical attention, while not a diagnostic feature, is common in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The study of these atypicalities has recently gained in both quantity and quality, due in part to an increased focus on attentional atypicalities as one of the earliest signs of ASD in infancy. A range of attentional processes and components have been investigated, and the methods used are varied, from Posner-type paradigms, to the more recent use of eye-movement recording and change-detection techniques. This methodological complexity is one factor in the production of conflicting evidence on the topic of attention in ASD. This review uses a focus on methodology to clarify the literature to date and provide a resource for researchers wishing to study attention in ASD. Other factors that have contributed to the current discrepancies in findings are discussed, particularly the role of individual and group differences within the population of people with ASD.     

Components of aggression in chickens and conceptualizations of aggression in general

A refined analysis of the peck order in chickens was offered as a test of the notion that for this species, different responses such as leaping and various types of pecking need not be interchangeable indexes of aggression. Indeed, tests showed that particular response types of the birds were differentially mediated by organismic or environmental factors. In large cages pecking at the body was most frequent by birds that had a home-cage advantage. Contrarily, rates of aggressive leaping were independent of this environmental influence, with males having an advantage over females. Males showed more head pecking than females, but the profile for this sex difference did not resemble the profile for leaping. Correlational analyses revealed that whereas head pecking between testmates was not matched in frequency, leaping was positively related. Finally, the behavior of birds tested in small cages differed from that of the large-cage subjects. Although there was more head pecking in the small cages, males did not have an edge, and leaping was infrequent. Such results indicate that these responses cannot be viewed as interchangeable indicators of aggression in fowl.