改革开放三十年与我国伦理学原理研究

改革开放三十年,我国伦理学原理研究经历了从恢复阶段到探索阶段再到繁荣阶段的发展历程,呈现出蓬勃向上、渐入佳境的总体趋势,积累了许多成功经验,其中最重要的经验是自始至终坚持以马克思主义为指导.在坚持马克思主义的过程中,我国伦理学界充分认识到了马克思主义的可发展性,积极拓展理论视野,大胆进行理论苑式和研究方法的试验,同时与建设中国特色社会主义的现实相联系,深入研究我国在改革开放过程中出现的新道德问题,从而不仅在新的历史条件下赋予了马克思主义伦理思想以新的生命力,极大地促进了马克思主义伦理思想在当今中国的发展,而且为我国社会主义建设事业提供了不可或缺的道德价值支撑.     

新中国成立以来的中国法伦理学研究回溯与展望

回溯中国法伦理学的发展历程,其萌芽于新中国成立初期,在改革开放后初步形成,并在进入新千年后得到深入发展。经过70年的耕耘和努力,国内学界对法伦理学的研究集中在学科构建基本问题、中西法伦理思想的历史探索、法律实践和法律制度的伦理研究、社会现实问题的法伦理分析和马克思主义法伦理思想研究等方面,并取得了一系列的丰硕成果。未来的法伦理研究还需要注重跨学科的交流,回应中国社会发展中的现实问题,并尝试构建中国特色的马克思主义法伦理学话语体系。     

论刘师培对中国伦理学独立化学科化的创造性探索与贡献

刘师培是中国伦理学独立化学科化的代表性人物。他编著的《伦理教科书》以及撰写的若干文章,初步建构了一个中国伦理学的框架体系,使五千多年博大精深的中华伦理文化进化发展到具有独立品性和专门研究问题的伦理学学科发展阶段。刘师培所建构的伦理学框架体系具有融合古今中西伦理思想精义于一体的特点,不仅吸收西方伦理学知识和观念来改造和整合中国原有的伦理思想,而且结合中国近代道德革命和新式学堂教育要求对中国传统伦理思想和西方近现代伦理学进行创造性转化,从而促成了中国传统伦理向中国近代伦理的转型,促成了西方伦理学优秀成果的中国化转化。     

改革开放三十年中国经济伦理学研究的十五大热点问题

回首中国改革开放三十年的激情岁月,它既是中国经济发展阔步前进的三十年,是我国国力渐次增强、社会和谐、民生跃升的三十年,也是中国经济伦理学由萌芽、形成到繁荣发展的三十年.在现实经济领域"致病"的吁求之下,在西方经济伦理学的学术影响之下,在伦理学研究由宏大走向细密的理论逻辑转向的过程中,中国经济伦理学应运而生并迅猛发展.     

石峻先生和伦理学研究

石峻先生对伦理学研究有很深的造诣,他认为,伦理道德问题必须提高到哲学的高度来解决,在中国传统的人性学说中包含着深厚的伦理意蕴。石先生对中国伦理思想的批判继承抱有十分强烈的自信心．认为学术研究应以过去为起点才能进步,反对对外国文化和伦理的移植,强调马克思主义哲学的指导是伦理学研究的根本。     

一部探究中国马克思主义伦理思想的精品力作——读《20世纪中国马克思主义伦理思想研究》

马克思主义伦理思想的传播和发展是我国伦理思想史在20世纪演进的主流.王泽应教授的专著<20世纪中国马克思主义伦理思想研究>(人民出版社,2008年12月版)深刻把握我国人民在20世纪探索马克思主义伦理思想的时代大势,系统展现马克思主义伦理思想传人中国的脉流和伟大意义,给我们提供了一部探究我国马克思主义伦理思想的精品力作.     

20世纪中国马克思主义伦理思想的理论成果和历史地位

马克思主义伦理思想在中国的传播以及中国马克思主义伦理思想的形成,是在中国封建道德已经解体,资本主义道德无力解救中国近代以来所发生的深刻的道德危机,而中国人民又迫切需要一种既能反帝又能反封建的伦理思想武器的历史文化条件下开始的.在20世纪近一百年的发展历程中,马克思主义伦理思想与中国革命、建设、改革的道德实践相结合,出现了三次大的理论飞跃,产生了三大理论成果,即毛泽东伦理思想、邓小平伦理思想和江泽民伦理思想.这三大伦理思想标志着马克思主义伦理思想实现了中国化的伟大转化和中国伦理文化的马克思主义化.20世纪中国马克思主义伦理思想的发生发展,既开创了马克思主义伦理思想中国化的新阶段,极大地丰富和发展了马克思主义伦理思想,更开创了中国伦理文化发展的崭新阶段,将中国伦理文化发展到马克思主义伦理思想的发展阶段.     

关于中国伦理思想史的几个问题

本文从三个方面分析、论证了中国伦理思想的形成、发展及其特点。第一部分是关于中国伦理思想史的研究范围和内容;第二部分是关于中国伦理思想发展的几个基本阶段;第三部分是关于中国伦理思想的基本特征,即民族特色。 文章认为,中国伦理思想史的史料极其丰富,可以说涉及到伦理学的各个方面,并具有一系列特有的概念、范畴、命题和学说体系。应该在马克思列宁主义的指导下,积极开展中国伦理思想史的研究工作,为丰富、发展马克思主义伦理学服务。     

论新中国伦理学的发展及其前瞻

建国以来,中国的伦理学在马克思主叉理论的指引下,传承中国优秀传统伦理,吸收圆外先进伦理理念,其学科经历了形成、发展、繁荣的过程.新中国伦理学理论建设丰富了哲学学科的人文内容和现实关怀,推动了哲学学科的发展,同时在实践层面上,为推动社会主义市场经济健康发展,培育良好社会风尚,塑造新时代的道德人格,做出了巨大贡献.     

交流 诠释 求同尊异——关于生命伦理学的跨文化研究

生命伦理学的跨文化研究,重在诠释不同文化传统伦理观念的历史轨迹,尊重道德的多元性,同时寻求共同点,以促进人类之间的合作和交流。不同伦理思想的交流中形成的某种共识和趋同,是社会共荣和医学发展的需要。否定伦理观念的多元和把伦理观念多元绝对化,都无益于人类健康事业的繁荣。     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Social and Personal Determinants of Adolescent Use and Abuse of Alcohol and Marijuana

This article summarizes research on social and personal determinants of adolescent use and abuse of alcohol and marijuana to aid practitioners when designing interventions.     

Cognitive and Personality Characteristics of Masculinity and Femininity Predict Wayfinding Competence and Strategies of Men and Women

Bem (1974) reconceptualized masculinity and femininity as independent and orthogonal constructs that both men and women possess to varying degrees. This perspective was used as a starting point to investigate whether the contributions of gender-typed characteristics can help to account for commonly observed gender differences in wayfinding (the ability to identify one’s current location and successfully navigate to an unseen location in the environment) favoring men. We further divided gender-typed characteristics into cognitive and personality characteristics to assess their separate influence on wayfinding and explored whether gender-typed characteristics predicted self-reported use of masculine wayfinding strategies (i.e., orientation strategies) and self-reported wayfinding competence. Participants were 452 college women and men in a southern U.S. public university. They completed the Gender-Stereotypic Characteristics questionnaire (Diekman and Eagly 2000), a social comparison questionnaire (created by the authors), a wayfinding strategy questionnaire (Lawton 1994), and a wayfinding competence questionnaire (Hegarty et al. 2002). For both men and women, higher masculine cognitive characteristics significantly correlated with greater use of orientation wayfinding strategies typical of men. For men, both higher masculine and feminine cognitive characteristics predicted better overall wayfinding competence whereas for women, only higher masculine cognitive characteristics predicted better overall wayfinding competence. For both men and women, higher feminine personality characteristics predicted poorer wayfinding competence. These results demonstrated the importance of considering cognitive and personality characteristics of masculinity and femininity in explaining individual differences in wayfinding.     

Self-ratings of positive and negative affect and retrieval of positive and negative affect memories

Abstract

Based on analysis of self-ratings of mood, positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) have been proposed as basic, orthogonal mood dimensions (Watson & Tellegen, 1985). The present study asked subjects (N = 61) to not only provide self-ratings of PA and NA terms but also to retrieve personal memories associated with those terms. Self-rated PA was associated with latency to retrieve PA- but not NA-related memories; self-rated NA was associated with latency to retrieve NA- but not PA-related memories. Self-ratings of PA and NA were not significantly correlated, nor were retrieval latencies for PA and NA memories. Individual item correlations also revealed a strong direct relationship between self-ratings and retrieval latency. The dissociations involving a non-self report measure strengthen the distinction between PA and NA, and the individual item correlations are interpreted as showing that self-ratings of affect are based upon the ease of retrieval of personal memories.