太虚的伦理思想简论

太虚是近现代佛教复兴运动的领袖,他的伦理思想,是其"人间佛教"理论中最为重要的内容之一。在他看来,佛教有鲜明的伦理特征和丰富的伦理思想;佛教对其他伦理学说的批判,目标在于建设;而和时代、社会、人生最为贴近,最能化导社会、建设社会、救国救世的工具,正是伦理思想。     

Introduction: The Elusive Concept of Culture and the Vivid Reality of Personality

As the articles in this special issue demonstrate, a central challenge for political psychology as a field of study is the question of how to go from our rich knowledge of individual psychology to the analysis of collective behavior, ranging from that of groups to whole nations. The powerful but also elusive concept of culture provides a promising bridge. However, the intellectual history of political culture has been one of wide swings in its popularity. After initially building on what turned out to be the over-sold promises of cultural anthropology, there was a sharp drop in the status of political culture studies, but this special issue shows that there is now a revival of interest in the approach, brought about by more disciplined uses of the concept.     

Islamic Legal, Ethical, and Political Theory: The Search for the Good Society and the Moral Law

Book reviewed:
Standing Trial: Law and the Person in the Modern Middle East , Baudouin Dupret (ed.), I.B. Tauris 2004 (1-86064-997-1), x + 382 pp., $75.00
Muslim Ethics: Emerging Vistas , Amyn B. Sajoo, I.B. Tauris 2004 (1-85043-550-2), xvi + 164 pp., $39.50     

Executive Function: The Search for an Integrated Account

ABSTRACT— In general, executive function can be thought of as the set of abilities required to effortfully guide behavior toward a goal, especially in nonroutine situations. Psychologists are interested in expanding the understanding of executive function because it is thought to be a key process in intelligent behavior, it is compromised in a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders, it varies across the life span, and it affects performance in complicated environments, such as the cockpits of advanced aircraft. This article provides a brief introduction to the concept of executive function and discusses how it is assessed and the conditions under which it is compromised. A short overview of the diverse theoretical viewpoints regarding its psychological and biological underpinnings is also provided. The article concludes with a consideration of how a multilevel approach may provide a more integrated account of executive function than has been previously available.     

黑格尔和谐社会观的伦理意蕴

面对启蒙运动所造成的个体与共同体分裂的现代社会困境,黑格尔以其合理性的原则致力于实现主观自由与客观自由,即市民社会与政治国家之间的和解。这种"和解"需要"伦理"的内在支撑,即市民社会的成员为了促进并维持基于"理念"而建立起来的社会,必须恪守一套义务,参与共同体的生活;而共同体也致力于充分实现个体自身的自主性。在此基础上,达到个体与共同体的和谐共生。     

Ruth Macklin,Against Relativism: Cultural Diversity and the Search for Ethical Universal in Medicine

Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics -     

Ruth Macklin,Against Relativism: Cultural Diversity and the Search for Ethical Universal in Medicine

Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics -     

中国家庭伦理共同体的时代变迁、现状审视及逻辑建构

家庭伦理共同体是马克思主义共同体思想和家庭伦理思想的重要概念。建构家庭伦理共同体,是新时代家庭文明建设和人类文明进步的必然过程和基本要求。新时代背景下,中国家庭伦理共同体经历了“等级式”到“契约式”的关系变迁、“单一化”到“多元化”的结构变迁、“严格化”到“自由化”的功能变迁,在家庭经济、婚姻和文化等领域呈现出一系列伦理问题。建构新时代中国家庭伦理共同体,需坚持以伦理自觉树立正确家庭伦理观,以伦理自信培育优良家庭伦理文化,以伦理自强健全现代家庭伦理体系。     

Using Stars for Moral Navigation: An Ethical Exploration into Celebrity

What role do celebrities play in our moral lives? Philosophers have explored the potential for celebrities to function as moral exemplars and role models. We argue that there are more ways in which celebrities play a role in helping us navigate our moral lives. First, gossiping about celebrities helps us negotiate our moral norms and identify competing styles of life. Second, fandom for celebrities serves as the basis for the development of distinct moral communities and identities. Third, celebrities possess high levels of epistemic power which can be used to help change and adapt our moral norms. We will then investigate two kinds of problems that arise from using celebrities in this way. Firstly, harm is done to celebrities because they are used in the ways explained in the first part of the article; secondly, celebrity life has a distinctive nature that can affect the moral agency of celebrities. Fame, we suggest, might lead to a morally unhealthy asymmetry in human relationships. We end by discussing the ethical implications of our analysis and conclude that when using stars for moral navigation, we should take into account the harm this does to them and the distinctive nature of their lives.