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While there is an extensive literature on gender differences in body image, little has focused on ethnic group differences in men's body image. College students ( N = 466) from a prestigious New England university indicated their current and ideal figures. Compared to Caucasians (N = 289), Asians (N = 92) reported smaller current figures. Both Caucasian and Asian women rated their current figure as larger than their ideal. Caucasian males reported no discrepancy between their current and ideal figures. However, Asian males rated their current figures as smaller than ideal. The effect of ethnicity on body satisfaction depended upon gender. For women, the ideal was thinner than current figure regardless of actual size, producing a discrepancy between current and ideal figures for both Caucasian and Asian women. Conversely, Asian and Caucasian men identified a similar ideal, producing a discrepancy between current and ideal figures only for Asian men. 相似文献
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《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》2017,45(2):111-126
This study examined parental and professor attachment as buffers against acculturative stress and as predictors of college adjustment of 210 Asian international students (AISs). Moderated hierarchical regression analyses revealed that acculturative stress negatively and secure parental and professor attachment positively predicted academic integration. Secure professor attachment positively predicted grade point average. Mother attachment may buffer against acculturative stress on academic integration; father attachment may exacerbate it. Counselors may use these findings to enhance AISs' attachment functioning for their college adjustment. Este estudio examinó el apego parental y el apego al profesor como protectores contra el estrés aculturativo y como indicadores de adaptación al entorno académico en 210 estudiantes internacionales asiáticos (AIS, por sus siglas en inglés). Los análisis de regresión jerárquica moderada revelaron que el estrés aculturativo fue un indicador negativo de integración académica, mientras que el apego parental y el apego al profesor fueron indicadores positivos. El apego seguro al profesor fue un indicador positivo de la media de las calificaciones académicas. El apego materno puede proteger contra el estrés aculturativo en la integración académica; el apego paterno puede agravarlo. Los consejeros pueden usar estos descubrimientos para enfatizar el funcionamiento del apego en los AIS para su adaptación al entorno académico. 相似文献
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Research was conducted to determine whether managerial motivation can be identified as early as the junior year of college. Business students were tested with the Miner Sentence Completion Scale (MSCS), and the scores of those who did and did not indicate managerial career objectives were compared. Although those aspiring to management positions had higher scores, the differentiation was not as pronounced as that previously found among graduate students. These results are interpreted to reflect a learning process which gradually serves to integrate established motives with a vocational choice. 相似文献
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In this study, we compared Hispanic and Caucasian college students identified as adult children of alcoholics in terms of psychological adjustment using the Diagnostic Inventory of Personality and Symptoms (DIPS; Vincent, 1985). Results of the study suggested that, among college students, Caucasian men seem to be at a greater risk for using alcohol and drugs than Caucasian women or Hispanic men and women. 相似文献
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Cultural Differences in Psychological Distress Between Asian and Caucasian American College Students
David Cheng Frederick T. L. Leong Robert Geist 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》1993,21(3):182-190
The authors examined possible cultural differences in psychological distress between Asian and Caucasion American college students using the Brief Symptom Inventory. 相似文献
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Journal of Religion and Health - Nursing students represent the future of nursing. In today’s increasingly complex health care environment nurse leaders must develop a distinct leadership... 相似文献
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Esmat Babaii 《Ethics & behavior》2017,27(3):240-258
In this study, we investigated the ability of Iranian students of applied linguistics to discern plagiarism in writing, their perceptions of its ethical aspects, their characterizations of plagiarists, and their perspectives on why they may commit plagiarism. In so doing, a slightly revised version of Deckert’s 1993 questionnaire, collecting both quantitative and qualitative data, was electronically distributed among 156 graduate students of applied linguistics. The results of the quantitative data analysis revealed some understanding of the concept but an inconsistent performance in recognizing plagiarism. Regarding issues of ethics and fairness, they were concerned with their own needs along with the original writer’s rights more than with rights of their classmates, colleagues, or teachers. They regarded unfamiliarity with the concept and nature of plagiarism as the main reason for committing it. The analysis of the qualitative data yielded the following reasons for students’ plagiarism: students’ unfamiliarity with plagiarism, students’ low academic writing skills, teachers’ carelessness and leniency, students’ lack of time, students’ laziness and deceitfulness, educational system and its policies, students’ low language proficiency, students’ unfamiliarity with the subject of writing, and teachers’ high expectations. In conclusion, some suggestions are offered as to how to decrease the rate of plagiarism. 相似文献
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The Psychological Record - The present study examined changes in primary and secondary appraisal, and coping strategies utilized in the final weeks leading to dissertation submission. Sixty... 相似文献
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A study to evaluate the relationship between the spiritual intelligence and adjustment among the college students was conducted on a sample of 250 students in six various colleges of Tuticorin district, Tamil Nadu, India. Gender, religion, community, major subject, educational qualification of father and mother, student locality, college type, father and mother’s occupation and monthly family income (n = 11 variables) were chosen for the study. Test of significance for spiritual intelligence and adjustment was studied and found them nonsignificant except student locality, found to be significant. Two valid and reliable instruments were used to assess student’s spiritual intelligence and adjustment. Correlation and Chi-square analysis using structural equation model were used to analyze these data. Correlation analysis showed significant relationship between the variables among the college students (n = 250). Chi-square analysis of association between adjustments of college students showed that most variables are nonsignificant unlike father’s educational qualification and mother’s occupation. The results disclosed the significant positive relationship with spiritual intelligence and adjustment among adolescents. 相似文献
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This study examined the relationship between job stress and employees' well-being in a developing country in Asia. Job stress was operationalized in terms of perceived experiences at jobs which were chronic in nature. Employee well-being was operationalized in terms of organizational commitment, job involvement, and job satisfaction. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire from 150 employees working in a national carrier in a developing country in Asia. Pearson correlation and moderated multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Job stress was significantly related to organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Moderated multiple regression did not support the role of gender as a moderator of the stress–outcome relationship. 相似文献
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Transition to university is stressful and successful adjustment is imperative for well-being. Historically research on transitional stress focussed on negative outcomes and ill health. This is the first UK study applying a positive psychology approach to investigate the characteristics that facilitate adjustment among new university students. A range of psychological strengths conceptualised as covitality factors, shown individually to influence the stress and subjective well-being (SWB) relationship were assessed among 192 first year UK undergraduates in week three of their first semester and again 6 months later. Path analyses revealed that optimism mediated the relationship between stress and negative affect (a component of SWB) over time, and academic self-efficacy demonstrated significant relationships with life satisfaction and positive affect. Contrary to predictions, stress levels remained stable over time although academic alienation increased and self-efficacy decreased. Optimism emerged as a key factor for new students to adjust to university, helping to buffer the impact of stress on well-being throughout the academic year. Incorporating stress management and psycho-educational interventions to develop strengths is discussed as a way of promoting confidence and agency in new students to help them cope better with the stress at university. 相似文献
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Dong Xie Frederick T. L. Leong 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》2008,36(1):52-63
This study investigated the cross‐cultural differences on state, trait, and social anxiety between Chinese and Caucasian American university students. Chinese students reported higher levels of social anxiety than did Caucasian american students. Correlations between trait and state anxiety were compared in light of the trait model of cross‐cultural psychology. Implications for multicultural counseling are discussed. Este estudio investigó las diferencias interculturales en cuanto a estado, rasgo y ansiedad social entre alumnos universitarios Chinos y Americanos caucásicos. Los alumnos Chinos comunicaron niveles más altos de ansiedad social que los alumnos Americanos Caucásicos. Se compararon las correlaciones entre rasgo y estado de ansiedad a la luz del modelo de rasgo de la psicología intercultural. Se discuten las implicaciones para la consejería multicultural. 相似文献
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Lisa Thomson Ross Stephanie Zeigler Amy M. Kolak Dryden Epstein 《The Journal of psychology》2015,149(6):582-600
This study investigated college students’ sexual hooking up and its associations with alcohol consumption for men and women; furthermore, potential differences related to ethnicity were investigated. Students at a midsized southeastern university who identified as Caucasian or African American (N = 227) completed a survey assessing sexual behavior, demographics, and alcohol consumption. Heavy drinking was associated with ever hooking up, number of hookup partners, hookup frequency, and level of sexual contact during hooking up for Caucasian students, but not for their African American peers. Among Caucasians, moderate drinking men reported more intense sexual contact during hookups than their female peers who were moderate drinkers; sexual contact levels were more similar for men and women who were either nondrinkers or heavy drinkers. Limitations and strengths are discussed, as are ideas for future studies on hooking up and for educational efforts to protect against potentially negative outcomes of hooking up. 相似文献
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In academic settings, Asian students are often described as less talkative than White students. We provide an account of this phenomenon based on research on cultural influences on the self, self-categorization, and implicit social cognition. We hypothesized that the classroom context activates a process of implicit self-stereotyping. Asian and White participants were asked to imagine themselves in a classroom or leisure context. Next, they completed Implicit Association Tests assessing their self-concept, ethnic stereotypes, and ethnic identification. In the classroom context only, ethnic stereotypes accounted for a more reserved self-concept among Asian participants and a more talkative self-concept among White participants. 相似文献
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Ruby R. Brougham Christy M. Zail Celeste M. Mendoza Janine R. Miller 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2009,28(2):85-97
The sources of stress (academics, financial, family, social, and daily hassles) and coping strategies (self-help, approach,
accommodation, avoidance, and self-punishment) of 166 college students were examined. The relationship between sex, specific
sources of stress, and coping strategies was also investigated. Students completed a stress assessment inventory and a stress
coping inventory based on a 5-factor revised COPE model (Zuckerman and Gagne Journal of Research in Personality, 37:169–204,
2003). Results found that college women reported a higher overall level of stress and greater use of emotion-focused coping
strategies than college men. College men and women also reported different coping strategies for different stressors; however
the use of emotion-focused coping strategies dominated over problem-solving strategies for both men and women. These results
have implications for designing stress reduction workshops that build on the existing adaptive emotion-focused strategies
of college students. 相似文献
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The present study examined the relationship between reading ability (i.e., reading comprehension and reading vocabulary) and academic procrastination among 120 African American graduate students. A canonical correlation analysis revealed statistically significant and practically significant multivariate relationships between these two reading ability variables and graduate students' levels of academic procrastination. Specifically, the first canonical correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant and practically significant multivariate relationship between reading ability and academic procrastination resulting from fear of failure. The second canonical correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant and practically significant multivariate relationship between reading ability and academic procrastination associated with writing a term paper, performing administrative tasks, attending meetings, keeping up with weekly reading assignments, and, most notably, performing academic tasks. Implications are discussed in the context of designing and implementing strategies designed to improve African American student performance and instruction in graduate-level courses. 相似文献
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FEMALE AND MALE PERCEPTIONS OF IDEAL BODY SHAPES: Distorted Views Among Caucasian College Students 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Recent studies have demonstrated that women overestimate male preferences for thin female figures. This study examined whether women also overestimate the desirability of thin figures among female peers. Using body silhouettes employed by Fallon and Rozin (1985), 87 college women and 118 college men indicated the size of their own body figure, their ideal figure, the figure most attractive to other-sex peers, and the figure most attractive to same-sex peers. As predicted, the female silhouette that women selected as most attractive to same-sex peers was significantly thinner than the silhouette that women actually selected as most desirable. College men also misjudged the body preference of same-sex peers, exaggerating the extent to which other men perceived large physiques as ideal and desirable. 相似文献
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A Comparison of Asian American,Caucasian American,and Chinese College Students: An Initial Report 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mei Tang 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》2002,30(2):124-134
This study of Asian American, Caucasian American, and Chinese college students examined the relationship between participants' career choices and parental influence. The results showed that the Asian American and Chinese college students were more likely than were Caucasian American students to choose Investigative occupation types (J. L. Holland, 1985) and that their choices were more likely to be influenced by their family. Este estudio de estudiantes universitarios Asiático Americanos, Caucásico Americanos, y Chinos examino la relación entre la elección de carrera de los participantes y la influencia de los padres. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes universitarios Asiático Americanos y Chinos fueron más probables a escojer los tipos de ocupación Investigativos (J. L. Holland, 1985) y a ser mas influenciados por su familia, que los estudiantes Caucásico Americanos. 相似文献